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Metabolites
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Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver
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Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 8711

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yangchun Cao

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Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Interests: ruminant nutrition and feed science; metabolism in periparturient ruminant liver
Dr. Libo Tan

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Guest Editor
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Alabama, 407 Russell Hall, 504 University Blvd, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
Interests: human and mouse lipid metabolism
Prof. Dr. Chuang Xu

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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: lipid metabolism in periparturient cow liver
Prof. Dr. Haitao Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of food science and technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
Interests: lipid metabolism in fish
Dr. Lamei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Interests: lipid metabolism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physiological events in gestation, parturition, and lactation, together with the changes in environment and feeding practice, commonly place animals into negative energy balance and metabolic stress in the periparturient period, causing suboptimal health status and a series of diseases. Due to the imbalance between excessive fat mobilization and insufficient ability to remove fat, the occurrence of fatty liver is a prominent metabolic disorder in many periparturient animals, seriously affecting the normal functions of liver and other organs. Therefore, clarifying the mechanisms of fat synthesis, transport, metabolism and other related processes in periparturient animals is of great significance for improving animal health and production performance.

This Special Issue of Metabolites,“Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver”, will be dedicated to collecting original research articles and reviews on recent basic and applied research focused on the regulation and molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism in periparturient animal liver.

Prof. Dr. Yangchun Cao
Dr. Libo Tan
Prof. Dr. Chuang Xu
Prof. Dr. Haitao Wu
Dr. Lamei Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • periparturient animal
  • negative energy balance
  • fat mobilization
  • lipid metabolism
  • fatty liver

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2634 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Rumen-Protected Choline and Rumen-Protected Nicotinamide on Liver Transcriptomics in Periparturient Dairy Cows
by Xue’er Du, Zhijie Cui, Rui Zhang, Keliang Zhao, Lamei Wang, Junhu Yao, Shimin Liu, Chuanjiang Cai and Yangchun Cao
Metabolites 2023, 13(5), 594; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13050594 - 26 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2107
Abstract
To investigate the effects of rumen-protected choline (RPC) and rumen-protected nicotinamide (RPM) on liver metabolic function based on transcriptome in periparturient dairy cows, 10 healthy Holstein dairy cows with similar parity were allocated to RPC and RPM groups (n = 5). The [...] Read more.
To investigate the effects of rumen-protected choline (RPC) and rumen-protected nicotinamide (RPM) on liver metabolic function based on transcriptome in periparturient dairy cows, 10 healthy Holstein dairy cows with similar parity were allocated to RPC and RPM groups (n = 5). The cows were fed experimental diets between 14 days before and 21 days after parturition. The RPC diet contained 60 g RPC per day, and the RPM diet contained 18.7 g RPM per day. Liver biopsies were taken 21 days after calving for the transcriptome analysis. A model of fat deposition hepatocytes was constructed using the LO2 cell line with the addition of NEFA (1.6 mmol/L), and the expression level of genes closely related to liver metabolism was validated and divided into a CHO group (75 μmol/L) and a NAM group (2 mmol/L). The results showed that the expression of a total of 11,023 genes was detected and clustered obviously between the RPC and RPM groups. These genes were assigned to 852 Gene Ontology terms, the majority of which were associated with biological process and molecular function. A total of 1123 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 640 up-regulated and 483 down-regulated, were identified between the RPC and RPM groups. These DEGs were mainly correlated with fat metabolism, oxidative stress and some inflammatory pathways. In addition, compared with the NAM group, the gene expression level of FGF21, CYP26A1, SLC13A5, SLCO1B3, FBP2, MARS1 and CDH11 in the CHO group increased significantly (p < 0.05). We proposed that that RPC could play a prominent role in the liver metabolism of periparturient dairy cows by regulating metabolic processes such as fatty acid synthesis and metabolism and glucose metabolism; yet, RPM was more involved in biological processes such as the TCA cycle, ATP generation and inflammatory signaling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver)
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15 pages, 1942 KiB  
Article
Effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins on Fat Metabolism and Adipocytokines in Obese Rats
by Pengxiang Gao, Luoyun Fang, Yucong Pan and Linshu Jiang
Metabolites 2023, 13(4), 568; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13040568 - 17 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1807
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin (GSP) on fat metabolism and adipocytokines in obese rats. Fifty 5-week-old rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10 per group) and given either a basal diet, a high-fat [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin (GSP) on fat metabolism and adipocytokines in obese rats. Fifty 5-week-old rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10 per group) and given either a basal diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet supplemented with GSP (25, 50, and 100 mg/d) per group. The experiment lasted for five weeks, including a one-week adaptation period and a four-week treatment period. At the end of the experimental period, serum and adipose tissue samples were collected and analyzed. Additionally, we co-cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with varying concentrations of GSP to explore its effect on adipocyte metabolism. The results demonstrated that GSP supplementation reduced weight, daily gain, and abdominal fat weight coefficient (p < 0.05). It also decreased levels of glucose, cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.05), triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in adipose tissue. Furthermore, GSP addition caused adipocyte crumpling in vitro and reduced the mRNA expression of COX-2, LEP, and TNF-α in adipocytes in vitro. These findings provide compelling evidence for exploring the role of GSP in the prevention and treatment of obesity and related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver)
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12 pages, 1924 KiB  
Article
The Periparturient Gut Microbiota’s Modifications in Shaziling Sows concerning Bile Acids
by Jie Wang, Yulian Li, Chang Cao, Runhua Yang, Meilin He, Jiaqi Yan, Peng Huang, Bie Tan and Zhiyong Fan
Metabolites 2023, 13(1), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13010068 - 1 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2009
Abstract
Shaziling pigs, as a native Chinese breed, have been classified as a fatty liver model. As the core of the whole pig farm, the sow’s organism health is especially important, especially in the perinatal period; however, there are few reports on the perinatal [...] Read more.
Shaziling pigs, as a native Chinese breed, have been classified as a fatty liver model. As the core of the whole pig farm, the sow’s organism health is especially important, especially in the perinatal period; however, there are few reports on the perinatal intestinal microbiology and bile acid metabolism of Shaziling pig sows. The purpose of this research was to investigate the alterations in bile acids and gut microbiota of sows that occur throughout the perinatal period. Forty-two sows were selected for their uniformity of body conditions and were given the same diet. Fecal samples were collected for 16srDNA sequencing and bile acid targeted metabolome detection in four stages (3 days before delivery, 3 days after delivery, 7 days after delivery and 21 days after delivery). As revealed by the results, there were statistically significant variations in bile acids among the four stages, with the concentration of bile acids identified by SZL-4 being substantially greater than that of the other three groups (p < 0.05). When compared to the other three groups (p < 0.05), SZL-2 had considerably lower Shannon, Simpson and Chao 1 indices, and exhibited a statistically significant difference in β-diversity. SZL-2 samples included a greater proportion of Proteobacteria than SZL-3 and SZL-4 samples; however, SZL-2 samples contained a smaller proportion of spirochetes than SZL-3 and SZL-4 samples. To a large extent, lactic acid bacteria predominated in the SZL-2 samples. The LEfSe analysis showed that the relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, Christensenellaceae_R_7_group, Clostridium, Collinsella, Turicibacter, and Mollicutes_RF39_unclassified were the main differential bacteria in the SZL-1 swine fecal samples and the Eubacterium__coprostanoligenes_group in sow fecal samples from SZL-2. The relative abundance of Bacteroides, UBA1819, Enterococcus, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Butyricimonas in SZL-3 and SZL-4 Streptococcus, Coriobacteriaceae_unclassified, Prevotellaceae_UCG_001, Streptomyces, and Ochrobactrum in SZL-3. g_Collinsella was significantly and positively correlated with vast majority bile acids, and the g_Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group with GCDCA and GHDCA into positive correlations. Simultaneously, g_Streptococcus, g_Bacteroides, and g_UBA1819 inversely correlated with bile acid, accounting for the great bulk of the difference. In conclusion, there is an evident correlation between bile acids and gut microbiota in the perinatal period of Shaziling sows. Additionally, the discovery of distinct bacteria associated to lipid metabolism gives a reference for ameliorating perinatal body lipid metabolism disorder of sows through gut microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver)
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16 pages, 8392 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Postpartum Yak Metabolism on Reproductive System Recovery
by Shi Shu, Changqi Fu, Guowen Wang and Wei Peng
Metabolites 2022, 12(11), 1113; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111113 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1426
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the metabolism of multiparous female yaks during the late perinatal period and identify its effects on reproductive recovery in order to explain the low reproduction rate of yaks. Eight multiparous female yaks were randomly selected [...] Read more.
The goal of this study was to determine the metabolism of multiparous female yaks during the late perinatal period and identify its effects on reproductive recovery in order to explain the low reproduction rate of yaks. Eight multiparous female yaks were randomly selected as the sample, and serum was collected from the yaks every 7 days from the day of delivery until 28 days after the delivery (five time points). The presence of serum metabolic profiles and reproductive hormones was identified using ELISA. The key metabolites were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and a dynamic metabolic network representation was created using bioinformatics analysis. A total of 117 different metabolites were identified by calculating the fold change of the metabolite expression at each time point. The dynamic metabolic network was created to represent the activities of the key metabolites, metabolic indexes and reproductive hormones. The initial efficiency of the glucose metabolism in the late perinatal period was found to be low, but it increased during the final period. The initial efficiencies of the lipid and amino acid metabolisms were high but decreased during the final period. We inferred that there was a postpartum negative energy balance in female yaks and that the synthesis and secretion of estrogen were blocked due to an excessive fatty acid mobilization. As a result, the reproductive hormone synthesis and secretion were maintained at a low level in the late perinatal period, and this was the main reason for the delayed recovery of the reproductive function postpartum. However, the specific mechanism needs to be further verified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism in Periparturient Animal Liver)
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