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Metabolites
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Modern Methods and Practical Applications of Metabolomics to Food Science...
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Modern Methods and Practical Applications of Metabolomics to Food Science and Nutrition

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 8956

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ahmed Mediani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
Interests: functional foods; metabolomics
Dr. Adlin Afzan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
Interests: natural products; metabolomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Food metabolomics is the application of metabolomics in food systems, such as food resources, food processing, and human diet. Food metabolomics research has grown steadily in recent years owing to the fact that food systems are directly tied to nutrition and human health. Metabolic profiling and metabolomics are novel technologies in modern systems biology that have been used to fingerprint and analyse the total chemical composition of food products. Untargeted metabolomics uses different analytical methodologies, and targeted metabolomics is similar to traditional analytics. Examples of these approaches include "metabolic profiling," which focuses on metabolite classes, and "metabolic fingerprinting," which refers to analysing the entire set of metabolites without knowledge of any components. Both metabolic techniques are utilised in the hunt for new biomarkers of quality and authenticity, and they undoubtedly contribute to a greater biochemical understanding of foods, as well as a molecular comprehension of bioactivities or changes in food production processes. Food component detection at the molecular level provides useful insights into the complicated interactions between bioactive components and their nutritional and other impacts. Metabolomics is also a valuable tool for determining the authenticity of food. It aids in assessing the molecular changes caused by food preparation. Indeed, metabolomics has been used to evaluate several problems such as food safety, food quality, authenticity, and traceability. It can be also used to define hundreds of compounds in foods, identify food byproducts in human biofluids or tissues, characterise nutrient deficits or excesses, follow biochemical reactions to dietary treatments, and track long-term or short-term eating habits. This Special Issue of Metabolites will address both qualitative and quantitative analytical methodologies used to examine food metabolites holistically in connection to medicinal and nutritive variables. We will evaluate research papers with a particular emphasis on analytical breakthroughs that can be used to boost food metabolome coverage, as well as improved detection or extraction methodologies. Manuscripts dealing with the application of metabolomics in food–gut interaction, a popular emerging area, are highly encouraged. Researchers are cordially invited to submit original contributions (reviews, original research papers, and short communications) to this Special Issue, which will be of interest to a broad range of readers interested in food analytics, food chemistry and technology, nutrition, natural product analytics, pharmaceutical biology, and related sciences.

Dr. Ahmed Mediani
Dr. Adlin Afzan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolites
  • metabolomics
  • foods
  • nutrition
  • functional foods
  • natural products
  • food chemistry
  • food byproducts
  • eating habits
  • nutrient deficits or excesses

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2019 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of LC-ESI-IM-qToF-MS and FT-NIR Spectroscopy Approaches for the Authentication of Organic and Conventional Eggs
by Henri Lösel, Johannes Brockelt, Florian Gärber, Jan Teipel, Thomas Kuballa, Stephan Seifert and Markus Fischer
Metabolites 2023, 13(8), 882; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13080882 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1647
Abstract
The importance of animal welfare and the organic production of chicken eggs has increased in the European Union in recent years. Legal regulation for organic husbandry makes the production of organic chicken eggs more expensive compared to conventional husbandry and thus increases the [...] Read more.
The importance of animal welfare and the organic production of chicken eggs has increased in the European Union in recent years. Legal regulation for organic husbandry makes the production of organic chicken eggs more expensive compared to conventional husbandry and thus increases the risk of food fraud. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a non-targeted lipidomic LC-ESI-IM-qToF-MS method based on 270 egg samples, which achieved a classification accuracy of 96.3%. Subsequently, surrogate minimal depth (SMD) was applied to select important variables identified as carotenoids and lipids based on their MS/MS spectra. The LC-MS results were compared with FT-NIR spectroscopy analysis as a low-resolution screening method and achieved 80.0% accuracy. Here, SMD selected parts of the spectrum which are associated with lipids and proteins. Furthermore, we used SMD for low-level data fusion to analyze relations between the variables of the LC-MS and the FT-NIR spectroscopy datasets. Thereby, lipid-associated bands of the FT-NIR spectrum were related to the identified lipids from the LC-MS analysis, demonstrating that FT-NIR spectroscopy partially provides similar information about the lipidome. In future applications, eggs can therefore be analyzed with FT-NIR spectroscopy to identify conspicuous samples that can subsequently be counter-tested by mass spectrometry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Methods and Practical Applications of Metabolomics to Food Science and Nutrition)
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26 pages, 4256 KiB  
Article
Biological Characterization and Metabolic Variations among Cell-Free Supernatants Produced by Selected Plant-Based Lactic Acid Bacteria
by Wasim S. M. Qadi, Ahmed Mediani, Zalifah Mohd Kasim, Norazlan Mohmad Misnan, Norrakiah Abdullah Sani and Nur Hidayah Jamar
Metabolites 2023, 13(7), 849; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13070849 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2616
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess the antibacterial and antioxidant properties as well as the variation in metabolites of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from local plants: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ngue16, L. plantarum ng10, Enterococcus durans w3, [...] Read more.
The aim of this research was to assess the antibacterial and antioxidant properties as well as the variation in metabolites of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from local plants: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ngue16, L. plantarum ng10, Enterococcus durans w3, and Levilactobacillus brevis w6. The tested strains exhibited inhibitory effects against pathogens, including Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus using the agar spot assay and well diffusion method. The CFS from all four strains displayed antibacterial activity against these pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 3.12 to 12.5 mg/mL and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 6.25 to 25.0 mg/mL. Moreover, the CFS demonstrated resilience within specific pH (3–8) and temperature (60–100 °C) ranges and lost its activity when treated with enzymes, such as Proteinase K and pepsin. Furthermore, the CFS exhibited antioxidant properties as evidenced by their ability to inhibit the formation of two radicals (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) compared to the negative control, De Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) broth. The use of proton-based nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy revealed the presence and quantification of 48 metabolites in both the CFS and MRS broths. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) effectively differentiated between CFS and MRS broth by identifying the specific metabolites responsible for the observed differences. The partial least squares (PLS) model demonstrated a significant correlation between the metabolites in the LAB supernatant and the tested antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Notably, anserine, GABA, acetic acid, lactic acid, uracil, uridine, propylene glycol, isopropanol, serine, histidine, and indol-3-lactate were identified as the compounds contributing the most to the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities in the supernatant. These findings suggest that the LAB strains investigated have the potential to be utilized in the production of functional foods and the development of pharmaceutical products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Methods and Practical Applications of Metabolomics to Food Science and Nutrition)
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14 pages, 2763 KiB  
Article
Differentiation of the Organoleptic Volatile Organic Compound Profile of Three Edible Seaweeds
by Pedro Catalão Moura, Jorge Manuel Fernandes, Mário Sousa Diniz, Viktor Fetter and Valentina Vassilenko
Metabolites 2023, 13(6), 713; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13060713 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1925
Abstract
The inclusion of seaweeds in daily-consumption food is a worthy-of-attention challenge due to their high nutritional value and potential health benefits. In this way, their composition, organoleptic profile, and toxicity must be assessed. This work focuses on studying the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [...] Read more.
The inclusion of seaweeds in daily-consumption food is a worthy-of-attention challenge due to their high nutritional value and potential health benefits. In this way, their composition, organoleptic profile, and toxicity must be assessed. This work focuses on studying the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by three edible seaweeds, Grateloupia turuturu, Codium tomentosum, and Bifurcaria bifurcata, with the aim of deepening the knowledge regarding their organoleptic profiles. Nine samples of each seaweed were prepared in glass vials, and the emitted headspace was analyzed, for the first time, with a gas chromatography—ion mobility spectrometry device, a highly sensitive technology. By statistically processing the collected data through PCA, it was possible to accurately differentiate the characteristic patterns of the three seaweeds with a total explained variance of 98%. If the data were pre-processed through PLS Regression, the total explained variance increased to 99.36%. The identification of 13 VOCs was accomplished through a developed database of compounds. These outstanding values in addition to the identification of the main emissions of VOCs and the utilization of a never-before-used technology prove the capacity of GC-IMS to differentiate edible seaweeds based solely on their volatile emissions, increase the knowledge regarding their organoleptic profiles, and provide an important step forward in the inclusion of these highly nutritional ingredients in the human diet. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Methods and Practical Applications of Metabolomics to Food Science and Nutrition)
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15 pages, 2999 KiB  
Article
Food Fingerprinting: LC-ESI-IM-QTOF-Based Identification of Blumeatin as a New Marker Metabolite for the Detection of Origanum majorana Admixtures to O. onites/vulgare
by Marina Creydt, Friedemann Flügge, Robin Dammann, Burkhard Schütze, Ulrich L. Günther and Markus Fischer
Metabolites 2023, 13(5), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13050673 - 20 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1611
Abstract
Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often [...] Read more.
Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart from arbutin, no marker metabolites are known to reliably detect marjoram admixtures in oregano batches at low concentrations. In addition, arbutin is relatively widespread in the plant kingdom, which is why it is of great relevance to look for further marker metabolites in order to secure the analysis accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to use a metabolomics-based approach to identify additional marker metabolites with the aid of an ion mobility mass spectrometry instrument. The focus of the analysis was on the detection of non-polar metabolites, as this study was preceded by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of the same samples based mainly on the detection of polar analytes. Using the MS-based approach, numerous marjoram specific features could be detected in admixtures of marjoram >10% in oregano. However, only one feature was detectable in admixtures of >5% marjoram. This feature was identified as blumeatin, which belongs to the class of flavonoid compounds. Initially, blumeatin was identified based on MS/MS spectra and collision cross section values using a database search. In addition, the identification of blumeatin was confirmed by a reference standard. Moreover, dried leaves of olive, myrtle, thyme, sage and peppermint, which are also known to be used to adulterate oregano, were measured. Blumeatin could not be detected in these plants, so this substance can be considered as an excellent marker compound for the detection of marjoram admixtures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Methods and Practical Applications of Metabolomics to Food Science and Nutrition)
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