Lipid Biomarkers and Cardiometabolic Diseases—2nd Edition

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Lipid Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2025 | Viewed by 809

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: lipid biomarkers; HDL cholesterol; non-HDL cholesterol; remnant cholesterol; LDL cholesterol; triglyceride; cardiovascular diseases; metabolic diseases; disease models
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, entitled "Lipid Biomarkers and Cardiometabolic Diseases—2nd Edition", which follows the previous edition (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/metabolites/special_issues/MOLS0E76X3), aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of lipid biomarkers in the development and progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This summary guides potential authors, outlining the Special Issue's focus, scope, and purpose based on current research interests and trends.

The overall focus of this Special Issue is to investigate the relationship between lipid biomarkers and cardiometabolic diseases. Lipid biomarkers encompass various components such as HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. This Special Issue unravels their associations with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and related conditions.

One significant aspect of this topic’s research lies in exploring the values of advanced or sex-specific lipid profiles or the impact of different dietary factors, including low-fat and full-fat dairy foods, dietary fat, or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, on cardiometabolic diseases. By analyzing specific lipid profiles and these dietary components, researchers can uncover their implications for lipid biomarkers and their influence in developing and managing cardiometabolic diseases. Researchers can enhance risk assessment and develop targeted interventions by examining the interplay between these factors and the occurrence of multiple cardiometabolic diseases, significantly noting whether these effects vary across different population groups, including in age- or sex-specific patterns.

In summary, this Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of lipid biomarkers in cardiometabolic diseases. By investigating the lipid metabolism and impacts of dietary factors and analyzing advanced lipid profiles, this research will contribute valuable insights into the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Authors are encouraged to contribute their research findings to further enrich the understanding of lipid biomarkers and their implications in cardiometabolic health.

Prof. Dr. Hyun Suk Yang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • lipid profiles
  • lipid metabolism
  • cholesterol
  • dietary fat
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • metabolic diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1086 KiB  
Article
The Validation of a Novel, Sex-Specific LDL-Cholesterol Equation and the Friedewald, Sampson-NIH, and Extended-Martin–Hopkins Equations Against Direct Measurement in Korean Adults
by Hyun Suk Yang, Soo-Nyung Kim, Seungho Lee and Mina Hur
Metabolites 2025, 15(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15010018 - 5 Jan 2025
Viewed by 705
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The currently established equations for calculating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) do not reflect the sex-specific differences in lipid metabolism. We aimed to develop a sex-specific LDLc equation (SSLE) and validate it with three established equations (Friedewald, Sampson-NIH, and ext-Martin–Hopkins) against direct [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The currently established equations for calculating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) do not reflect the sex-specific differences in lipid metabolism. We aimed to develop a sex-specific LDLc equation (SSLE) and validate it with three established equations (Friedewald, Sampson-NIH, and ext-Martin–Hopkins) against direct LDLc measurement in Korean adults. Methods: This study included 23,757 subjects (51% male; median age, 51 years) from the 2009–2022 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We developed the SSLE through multiple linear regression incorporating total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), triglycerides (TG), and sex. The validation metrics included Bland–Altman analysis for mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and agreement of the categorization based on the NCEP ATP-III guidelines, assessed by sex and lipid subgroups. Results: The derived SSLE equation was as follows: for TG < 200 mg/dL, LDLc = 0.963 × TC − 0.881 × HDLc − 0.111 × TG + 0.982 × Sex − 6.958; for TG ≥ 200 mg/dL, LDLc = 0.884 × TC − 0.646 × HDLc − 0.126 × TG + 3.742 × Sex − 3.214 (male = 1, female = 0). The MAPE was similar between males and females for the SSLE (4.6% for both) and ext-Martin–Hopkins (5.0% vs. 4.9%) but higher in males for the Sampson-NIH (5.4% vs. 4.9%) and Friedewald (7.6% vs. 5.7%). In the TG ≥ 400 mg/dL group, the MAPE increased progressively: SSLE (10.2%), ext-Martin–Hopkins (12.0%), Sampson-NIH (12.7%), and Friedewald (27.4%). In the LDLc < 70 mg/dL group, the MAPE was as follows: SSLE (8.0%), Sampson-NIH (8.6%), ext-Martin–Hopkins (9.7%), and Friedewald (12.8%). At TG 200–400 mg/dL, the SSLE revealed very good agreement (κ = 0.801) versus good agreement for other equations (ext-Martin–Hopkins κ = 0.794, Sampson-NIH κ = 0.782, Friedewald κ = 0.696). Conclusions: The novel SSLE demonstrated superior accuracy and agreement in Korean adults. Further validation studies across different ethnic populations are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipid Biomarkers and Cardiometabolic Diseases—2nd Edition)
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