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Metals
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Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials
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Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2020) | Viewed by 19816

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dmitri V. Louzguine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
Interests: physical metallurgy of high strength alloys and metallic glasses; characterization; deformation; phase transformations

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The production of modern engineering structures, high technology instruments and machine parts is impossible without the further development of advanced structural and functional metallic materials, which still represent the main class of materials used in engineering (machinery, civil, aerospace, automobile, etc.). Depending on the application field, these alloys should satisfy various requirements. Many of them must exhibit high strength, good plasticity and more importantly high fracture toughness, either high electrical conductivity or high electrical resistance, either soft or hard ferromagnetic properties, good corrosion resistance, etc. These properties are determined by an internal alloy structure that is either crystalline/quasi-crystalline or amorphous/glassy. In turn, the structure of the alloy depends on the composition and the material processing route. As there are links between the chemical composition and the structure, between the material processing route and the structure, and finally between the material structure and properties, various aspects of the materials science of advanced non-equilibrium metallic materials will be considered in the present issue.

Prof. Dr. Dmitri V. Louzguine
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Non-equilibrium
  • Metallic
  • Materials
  • Alloys
  • Nanocrystalline
  • Glasses

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3975 KiB  
Article
Effect of Aluminum, Iron and Chromium Alloying on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of (Ti-Ni)-(Cu-Zr) Crystalline/Amorphous Composite Materials
by Andrey A. Tsarkov, Vladislav Yu. Zadorozhnyy, Alexey N. Solonin and Dmitri V. Louzguine-Luzgin
Metals 2020, 10(7), 874; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10070874 - 1 Jul 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2847
Abstract
High-strength crystalline/amorphous composites materials based on (Ti-Ni)-(Cu-Zr) system were developed. The optimal concentrations of additional alloying elements Al, Fe, and Cr were obtained. Structural investigations were carried out using X-ray diffraction equipment (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy-dispersive X-ray module [...] Read more.
High-strength crystalline/amorphous composites materials based on (Ti-Ni)-(Cu-Zr) system were developed. The optimal concentrations of additional alloying elements Al, Fe, and Cr were obtained. Structural investigations were carried out using X-ray diffraction equipment (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy-dispersive X-ray module (EDX). It was found that additives of aluminum and chromium up to 5 at% dissolve well into the solid matrix solution of the NiTi phase. At a concentration of 5 at%, the precipitation of the unfavorable NiTi2 phase occurs, which, as a result, leads to a dramatic decrease in ductility. Iron dissolves very well in the solid solution of the matrix phase due to chemical affinity with nickel. The addition of iron does not cause the precipitation of the NiTi2 phase in the concentration range of 0–8 at%, but with an increase in concentration, this leads to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the alloy. The mechanical behavior of alloys was studied in compression test conditions on a universal testing machine. The developed alloys have a good combination of strength and ductility due to their dual-phase structure. It was shown that additional alloying elements lead to a complete suppression of the martensitic transformation in the alloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials)
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11 pages, 4383 KiB  
Article
Formation and Properties of Amorphous Multi-Component (CrFeMoNbZr)Ox Thin Films
by Xiaoyu Gu, Hengwei Luan, Xinglong Yang, Xinchao Wang, Kaixuan Fang, Jinfeng Li, Yuzhen Jia, Kefu Yao, Zhengjun Zhang and Na Chen
Metals 2020, 10(5), 599; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050599 - 5 May 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2805
Abstract
In this work, a new multi-component (CrFeMoNbZr)Ox system was developed. The thin films presented dual-phase amorphous structures, comprising a dominant amorphous alloy phase and a small amount of an amorphous oxide phase. The thin films showed higher hardness and better corrosion resistance [...] Read more.
In this work, a new multi-component (CrFeMoNbZr)Ox system was developed. The thin films presented dual-phase amorphous structures, comprising a dominant amorphous alloy phase and a small amount of an amorphous oxide phase. The thin films showed higher hardness and better corrosion resistance than a commercial Zr-based alloy. The combined properties of high hardness and superior corrosion-resistance make the amorphous thin film a candidate for coating materials on commercial Zr-based alloys for engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials)
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12 pages, 1915 KiB  
Article
Novel α + β Type Ti-Fe-Cu Alloys Containing Sn with Pertinent Mechanical Properties
by Vladislav Zadorozhnyy, Sergey V. Ketov, Takeshi Wada, Stefan Wurster, Vignesh Nayak, Dmitri V. Louzguine-Luzgin, Jürgen Eckert and Hidemi Kato
Metals 2020, 10(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10010034 - 23 Dec 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3265
Abstract
Rising demand for bone implants has led to the focus on future alternatives of alloys with better biocompatibility and mechanical strength. Thus, this research is dedicated to the synthesis and investigation of new compositions for low-alloyed Ti-based compounds, which conjoin relatively acceptable mechanical [...] Read more.
Rising demand for bone implants has led to the focus on future alternatives of alloys with better biocompatibility and mechanical strength. Thus, this research is dedicated to the synthesis and investigation of new compositions for low-alloyed Ti-based compounds, which conjoin relatively acceptable mechanical properties and low elastic moduli. In this regard, the structural and mechanical properties of α + β Ti-Fe-Cu-Sn alloys are described in the present paper. The alloys were fabricated by arc-melting and tilt-casting techniques which followed subsequent thermo-mechanical treatment aided by dual-axial forging and rolling procedures. The effect of the concentrations of the alloying elements, and other parameters, such as regimes of rolling and dual-axial forging operation, on the microstructure and mechanical properties were thoroughly investigated. The Ti94Fe1Cu1Sn4 alloy with the most promising mechanical properties was subjected to thermo-mechanical treatment. After a single rolling procedure at 750 °C, the alloy exhibited tensile strength and tensile plasticity of 1300 MPa and 6%, respectively, with an elastic modulus of 70 GPa. Such good tensile mechanical properties are explained by the optimal volume fraction balance between α and β phases and the texture alignment obtained, providing superior alternatives in comparison to pure α- titanium alloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials)
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10 pages, 3745 KiB  
Article
Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties of Melt Spun and Annealed Nd-Fe-B Based Alloys with Ga Additions
by Igor Shchetinin, Patrick Aggrey, Igor Bordyuzhin, Alexander Savchenko, Mikhail Gorshenkov, Mark Zhelezniy, Vladimir Menushenkov and Pavel Mogil’nikov
Metals 2019, 9(5), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9050497 - 28 Apr 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3189
Abstract
The structural transformations and magnetic property changes of the Nd16.2FebalCo9.9Ga0.5B7.5 (SG1, SG2) and Nd15.0FebalGa2.0B7.3 (SG3) nanocomposite alloys obtained by melt spinning in the as-quenched state and after [...] Read more.
The structural transformations and magnetic property changes of the Nd16.2FebalCo9.9Ga0.5B7.5 (SG1, SG2) and Nd15.0FebalGa2.0B7.3 (SG3) nanocomposite alloys obtained by melt spinning in the as-quenched state and after annealing at a temperature range of 560–650 °C for 30 min were studied. The methods used were X-ray diffraction analysis, magnetic property measurements, TEM studies, X-ray fluorescence analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Amorphous phase and crystalline phase Nd2Fe14B (P42/mnm) were observed in the alloy after melt spinning. The content of the amorphous phase ranged from 20% to 50% and depended on the cooling rate. Annealing of the alloys resulted in amorphous phase crystallization into Nd2Fe14B and led to the increased coercivity of the alloys up to 1840 kA/m (23.1 kOe) at 600 °C annealing for 30 min. The alloy with the maximum coercivity had a grain size of the Nd2Fe14B phase ≈50–70 nm with an Nd-rich phase between grains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials)
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10 pages, 1729 KiB  
Article
Structure and Thermal Properties of an Al-Based Metallic Glass-Polymer Composite
by Vladislav Zadorozhnyy, Margarita Churyukanova, Andrey Stepashkin, Mikhail Zadorozhnyy, Adit Sharma, Dmitry Moskovskikh, Junqiang Wang, Elena Shabanova, Sergey Ketov, Dmitry Louzguine-Luzgin and Sergey Kaloshkin
Metals 2018, 8(12), 1037; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8121037 - 7 Dec 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3873
Abstract
A composite material based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET, about 1% by mass) and Al85Y8Ni5Co2 metallic glass was obtained by mechanical alloying and consequent spark plasma sintering. The spark plasma sintering was performed at a temperature near [...] Read more.
A composite material based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET, about 1% by mass) and Al85Y8Ni5Co2 metallic glass was obtained by mechanical alloying and consequent spark plasma sintering. The spark plasma sintering was performed at a temperature near to the super cooled liquid region of the metallic glass. Mechanical properties and the structural characterization of the composite material were obtained. It was conceived that composite samples (Al85Y8Ni5Co2/PET) have a better thermal conductivity in comparison with pure PET samples. The formation of the crystalline phases causes degradation of physical properties. It was calculated that the activation energy for crystallization of the Al85Ni5Y8Co2 metallic glass is higher than that of the other types of metallic glasses (Mg67.5Ca5Zn27.5 and Cu54Pd28P18) used for composite preparation previously. This denotes a good thermal stability of the chosen metallic glass. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials)
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10 pages, 5549 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Ni-Ti Coatings on Different Metallic Substrates by Mechanical Alloying and Subsequent Laser Treatment
by Vladislav Yu Zadorozhnyy, Aamir Shahzad, Mikhail D. Pavlov, Anatoly M. Chirkov, Dmitry S. Zagrebin, Renata S. Khasenova, Aleksandr I. Novikov and Sergey D. Kaloshkin
Metals 2018, 8(7), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/met8070490 - 27 Jun 2018
Viewed by 2897
Abstract
In this work, we proposed a novel mechanical alloying method to deposit Nix-Tixintermetallic coating on various metallic substrates using laser treatment. Three different substrates (Al-based alloy, Ti-based alloy, and hypoeutectoid steel) were used, and 50–70 μm thick Nix [...] Read more.
In this work, we proposed a novel mechanical alloying method to deposit Nix-Tixintermetallic coating on various metallic substrates using laser treatment. Three different substrates (Al-based alloy, Ti-based alloy, and hypoeutectoid steel) were used, and 50–70 μm thick NixTix coating was deposited during the process. For mechanical alloying, we used a self-constructed vibratory ball mill (single chamber) and for laser treatment, we used a “TrumpfTruDisk 1000” machine equipped with a four-dimensional control system “Servokon” designed specifically for experimental studies. Different laser beam intensities were used for laser operation. The cross-sectional microstructures of coatings were studied using a scanning electron microscope equipped with a Bruker energy-dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS). Additional investigation of a cross-sectional area of one of the NixTix-coated samples was performed with field emission high-performance SEM and focused ion beam (FIB). Phase compositions of the obtained coatings, before and after laser treatment, were analyzed using X-Ray diffraction method. After the deposition process, the micro-hardness of the coatings was measured using a Vickers hardness tester. The structure and morphology of the obtained coatings were investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-Equilibrium Metallic Materials)
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