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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications
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Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 31357

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hye-Jin Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
Interests: functional foods; natural products; edible fungi; immune; allergy; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Abdul Rehman Phull

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
Interests: functional foods; inflammation; cancer; cell signalling; allergy; phytochemical

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possessing several applications such as probiotics, as microbial cell factories, can produce a variety of metabolites. Distinctive LAB species in unknown niches with applicable technological properties are vastly needed in the present time to be used in the food industry. Autochthonous starter cultures are advantageous over allochthonous in fermented food processing because of their better adaptation and performance potential for producing a diverse range of metabolites that usefully affect the sensorial, nutritional, and biological properties of fermented foods. These features make them suitable for extensive utilization as starter cultures, probiotics and in the production of important nutraceuticals and pharmacological constituents. These days, numerous studies are being conducted on lactic acid fermented foods with the objective to produce functional foods with improved beneficial effects. The present topic will focus on understanding the nutritional significance, pharmacological potential and adopted molecular mechanisms in immune system-related ailments.

The aim of this Special Issue of Microorganisms is to present a collection of articles that provide current research development in the field of food biotechnology. This topic welcomes original research and review articles in the field of fermented functional foods along with their pharmacological potential and other applications focusing on (but not limited to):

  • Assessment of therapeutical efficacy of fermented foods and related mechanisms;
  • Targeting specific signaling proteins;
  • Targeting different signaling pathways involved in allergy, inflammation and immune-related ailments.

Dr. Hye–Jin Park
Guest Editors
Dr. Abdul Rehman Phull
Co-Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional foods
  • fermentation
  • lactic acid bacteria
  • nutraceuticals
  • probiotic
  • immune system
  • inflammation
  • allergy

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1865 KiB  
Article
Immunostimulatory Activity of Cordyceps militaris Fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus SC11 Isolated from a Salted Small Octopus in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunocompromised Mice and Its Inhibitory Activity against SARS-CoV 3CL Protease
by Kyu-Ree Dhong, Ha-Kyoung Kwon and Hye-Jin Park
Microorganisms 2022, 10(12), 2321; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122321 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2664
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing and anti-viral effects of germinated Rhynchosia nulubilis (GRC) fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus SC11 (GRC-SC11) isolated from a salted small octopus. The cordycepin, β-glucan, and total flavonoid contents increased in GRC after SC11 fermentation. GRC-SC11 inhibits 3CL [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing and anti-viral effects of germinated Rhynchosia nulubilis (GRC) fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus SC11 (GRC-SC11) isolated from a salted small octopus. The cordycepin, β-glucan, and total flavonoid contents increased in GRC after SC11 fermentation. GRC-SC11 inhibits 3CL protease activity in severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). GRC-SC11 significantly increased thymus and spleen indices in immunocompromised mice. The rate of splenocyte proliferation was higher in GRC-SC11-treated immunocompromised mice than that in GRC-treated immunocompromised mice in the presence or absence of concanavalin A. In addition, GRC-SC11 increased the phagocytic activity and nitric oxide production in immunocompromised mice. The mRNA expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interferon-alpha (IFN-α), and interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) was up-regulated in GRC-SC11 treated RAW 264.7 macrophages, compared to GRC. Our study indicates that GRC-SC11 might be a potential therapeutic agent for immunocompromised patients who are vulnerable to SARS-CoV infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications)
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11 pages, 1249 KiB  
Article
Enterococcus casseliflavus KB1733 Isolated from a Traditional Japanese Pickle Induces Interferon-Lambda Production in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells
by Shohei Satomi, Daichi Kokubu, Takuro Inoue, Masaya Sugiyama, Masashi Mizokami, Shigenori Suzuki and Kazumoto Murata
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 827; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040827 - 15 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3630
Abstract
The association between lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their immunostimulatory effects has attracted considerable attention; however, it remains unclear whether LAB can induce interferon-lambdas (IFN-λs) in human epithelial cells under conditions that do not mimic infection. In this study, we first employed a [...] Read more.
The association between lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their immunostimulatory effects has attracted considerable attention; however, it remains unclear whether LAB can induce interferon-lambdas (IFN-λs) in human epithelial cells under conditions that do not mimic infection. In this study, we first employed a reporter assay to screen for a potential strain capable of inducing IFN-λ3 among 135 LAB strains derived from traditional Japanese pickles. Next, we assessed the strain’s ability to induce the expression of IFN-λ genes and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and to produce IFN-λs. As a result, we screened and isolated Enterococcus casseliflavus KB1733 (KB1733) as a potential strain capable of inducing IFN-λ3 expression. Furthermore, we clarified that KB1733 induced the expression of IFN-λ genes and ISGs related to antiviral functions, and that KB1733 induced IFN-λ1 and -λ3 expression in a dose-dependent manner up to 10 μg/mL. In addition, KB1733 significantly increased IFN-λ1 production compared to Enterococcus casseliflavus JCM8723T, which belongs to the same genera and species as KB1733. In conclusion, we isolated a unique LAB strain from traditional Japanese pickles that is capable of stimulating IFN-λ production, although further study is needed to investigate how KB1733 protects against viruses in mice and humans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications)
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15 pages, 1717 KiB  
Article
Immunostimulatory Activity of Synbiotics Using Lactococcus lactis SG-030 and Glucooligosaccharides from Weissella cibaria YRK005
by Ayeon Kwon and Young-Seo Park
Microorganisms 2021, 9(12), 2437; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122437 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
Much attention has been recently paid to the health benefits of synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. In this study, synbiotics were prepared by combining lactic acid bacteria with potential as probiotics and purified glucooligosaccharides, and their immunostimulatory activity was evaluated using [...] Read more.
Much attention has been recently paid to the health benefits of synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. In this study, synbiotics were prepared by combining lactic acid bacteria with potential as probiotics and purified glucooligosaccharides, and their immunostimulatory activity was evaluated using RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. A lactic acid bacteria strain with high antioxidant activity, acid and bile salt tolerance, adhesion to Caco-2 cells, and nitric oxide (NO) production was selected as a potential probiotic strain. The selected strain, isolated from forsythia, was identified as Lactococcus lactis SG-030. The purified glucooligosaccharides produced from Weissella cibaria YRK005 were used as prebiotics. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with synbiotics in two ways. One way was a simultaneous treatment with lactic acid bacteria and glucooligosaccharides. The other way was to pre-culture the lactic acid bacteria with glucooligosaccharides followed by treatment with synbiotic culture broth or synbiotic culture supernatant. In both cases, synbiotics synergistically increased NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, synbiotics treatment increased the expression of tissue necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase genes. Synbiotics also increased the expression of P38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and Akt proteins. The results confirmed that the synbiotics prepared in this study exhibited synergistic immunostimulatory activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications)
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17 pages, 3572 KiB  
Article
Pediococcus Pentosaceus from the Sweet Potato Fermented Ger-Minated Brown Rice Can Inhibit Type I Hypersensitivity in RBL-2H3 Cell and BALB/c Mice Models
by Kyu-Ree Dhong and Hye-Jin Park
Microorganisms 2021, 9(9), 1855; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091855 - 31 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2692
Abstract
In this study, the effect of GBR fermented with the Pediococcus pentosaceus SP024 strain on IgE/Ag mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was investigated. Protocatechuic acid and trans-ferulic acid levels in GBR-SP024 increased more than those in unfermented GBR, respec-tively. The inhibitory activity of [...] Read more.
In this study, the effect of GBR fermented with the Pediococcus pentosaceus SP024 strain on IgE/Ag mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was investigated. Protocatechuic acid and trans-ferulic acid levels in GBR-SP024 increased more than those in unfermented GBR, respec-tively. The inhibitory activity of GBR-SP024 on β-hexosaminidase release and the level of proin-flammatory cytokine mRNA expression (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)) was observed in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Western blot analysis showed that GBR-SP024 significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of the linker for activation of T cell (LAT) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Further, we investigated the anti-allergic effect of GBR-SP024 using PCA murine model. The number of infiltrated immune cells and degranulated mast cells in GBR-SP024 treated dermis was lower than that in the GBR-treated mice. In addition, mRNA expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) in the dermis of ear tissue declined in the GBR-SP024–treated group, compared to that in the GBR group. GBR-SP024 was also more effective than GBR at reducing the levels of IL-33 protein expression in IgE/Ag-stimulated BALB/c mice. Our study suggests the potential usage of GBR-SP024 as a dietary supplement or an adjuvant for treating IgE-dependent-allergic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications)
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Review

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31 pages, 2961 KiB  
Review
Cordyceps militaris as a Bio Functional Food Source: Pharmacological Potential, Anti-Inflammatory Actions and Related Molecular Mechanisms
by Abdul-Rehman Phull, Madiha Ahmed and Hye-Jin Park
Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020405 - 10 Feb 2022
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 18834
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a medicinal mushroom possessing a variety of biofunctionalities. It has several biologically important components such as polysaccharides and others. The diverse pharmacological potential of C. militaris has generated interest in reviewing the current scientific literature, with [...] Read more.
Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a medicinal mushroom possessing a variety of biofunctionalities. It has several biologically important components such as polysaccharides and others. The diverse pharmacological potential of C. militaris has generated interest in reviewing the current scientific literature, with a particular focus on prevention and associated molecular mechanisms in inflammatory diseases. Due to rising global demand, research on C. militaris has continued to increase in recent years. C. militaris has shown the potential for inhibiting inflammation-related events, both in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Inflammation is a multifaceted biological process that contributes to the development and severity of diseases, including cancer, colitis, and allergies. These functions make C. militaris a suitable functional food for inhibiting inflammatory responses such as the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, on the basis of existing information, the current study provides insights towards the understanding of anti-inflammatory activity-related mechanisms. This article presents a foundation for clinical use, and analyzes the roadmap for future studies concerning the medical use of C. militaris and its constituents in the next generation of anti-inflammatory drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Immune-Related Applications)
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