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Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition
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Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2024) | Viewed by 6026

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marianna Kulkova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geography, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Interests: geochemistry; radiocarbon dating; paleoclimatic reconstructions; lake sedimentation; petrography; XRF analysis; stable isotopes; mineralogy; geoecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dmitry Subetto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geography, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 Saint Petersburg, Russia
Interests: paleoclimatology; geochemistry; geography; paleolimnology; lake sedimentogenesis; geomorphology; lithology; geoecology; marine geology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The geochemical characteristics of environments can be developed from geochemical studies of sedimentary rocks. Different geochemical indicators can be used for the paleoenvironmental reconstruction of processes of sedimentation. Trace and major elements in sedimentary rocks are extremely sensitive to paleoenvironmental changes, making them informative when studying the paleoclimate, paleoenvironment, as well as ancient and modern anthropogenic activity. The distribution of pollutants in sediments is important for modern geoecological processes. Isotopic research into sediments is essential for performing paleoreconstructions, geochronology, and ecology.

For this Special Issue, we invite authors to submit papers on topics related to geochemistry, mineralogy, and geochronology of natural and anthropogenic sediments and environmental conditions of their formation. We also welcome contributions that address the application of different analytic methods in the study of geochemistry and the mineralogy of sediment processes.

Dr. Marianna Kulkova
Prof. Dr. Dmitry Subetto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • geochemistry
  • sediments
  • paleoclimate
  • pollution
  • paleoenvironment
  • geochronology
  • isotopes
  • geoecology
  • anthropogenic activity
  • archaeological geochemistry

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 2337 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Mineral Dissolution in Heqing Core Lacustrine Sediments and Its Paleoenvironment Significance
by Peng Lei, Xinwen Xu, Ziyi Yang, Qiongqiong Wang, Lirong Hou, Yi Jin and Qiubin Wu
Minerals 2024, 14(11), 1096; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14111096 - 29 Oct 2024
Viewed by 737
Abstract
The magnetic parameters within lacustrine sediments serve as invaluable proxies for deciphering the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions. However, the dissolution of magnetic minerals can significantly alter detrital magnetic mineral assemblages, thereby complicating their interpretation in paleoenvironmental reconstructions. In an effort to clarify the [...] Read more.
The magnetic parameters within lacustrine sediments serve as invaluable proxies for deciphering the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions. However, the dissolution of magnetic minerals can significantly alter detrital magnetic mineral assemblages, thereby complicating their interpretation in paleoenvironmental reconstructions. In an effort to clarify the impact of this dissolution on the grain size of magnetic minerals in lacustrine sediments, we undertook a thorough analysis of the rock magnetic properties on samples from the interval characterized by low ARM (anhysteretic remanent magnetization)/SIRM (saturation isothermal remanent magnetization) values between 140 and 320 ka in the Heqing (HQ) lacustrine drill core, located in Southwest China. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility and FORC diagrams revealed a predominance of single-vortex and pseudo-single domain (PSD) magnetite and maghemite within the sample. When compared to samples from both the glacial and interglacial periods, the high SIRM, elevated magnetic susceptibility, and low ARM/SIRM ratio intervals from 140 to 320 ka suggested a high concentration of magnetic minerals coupled with a relatively low concentration of fine-grained particles in the sediments. The reductive dissolution of the fine-grained magnetic oxides is responsible for the reduction in the fine-grained magnetic particles in this interval. Our findings indicate that pedogenic fine-grained magnetite and maghemite are the first to dissolve, followed by the dissolution of coarser-grained iron oxides into finer particles. This process underscores the complex interplay between magnetic mineral dissolution and grain size distribution in lacustrine sediments, with significant implications for the reliability of paleoenvironmental interpretations derived from magnetic parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition)
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30 pages, 19679 KiB  
Article
Paleoenvironmental Transition during the Rhuddanian–Aeronian and Its Implications for Lithofacies Evolution and Shale Gas Exploration: Insights from the Changning Area, Southern Sichuan Basin, South-West China
by Hangyi Zhu
Minerals 2024, 14(9), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14090949 - 18 Sep 2024
Viewed by 731
Abstract
During the Rhuddanian–Aeronian interglacial period, global geological events such as glacial melting, synsedimentary volcanic activity, biological resurgence, and large-scale marine transgressions caused frequent fluctuations in paleoproductivity, climate changes, and sea level variations. These paleoenvironmental transitions directly influenced the development characteristics of shale lithofacies. [...] Read more.
During the Rhuddanian–Aeronian interglacial period, global geological events such as glacial melting, synsedimentary volcanic activity, biological resurgence, and large-scale marine transgressions caused frequent fluctuations in paleoproductivity, climate changes, and sea level variations. These paleoenvironmental transitions directly influenced the development characteristics of shale lithofacies. This study investigates the Longmaxi Formation shale in the Changning area in the Southern Sichuan basin, focusing on 28 core samples from Well N1. Using scanning electron microscopy, QEMSCAN, TOC, XRD, and major and trace element analyses, we reconstructed the paleoenvironmental transitions of this period and explored their control over shale lithofacies types and mineral compositions. Four shale lithofacies were identified: carbonate rich lithofacies (CRF), biogenic quartz-rich lithofacies (BQRF), detrital clay-rich lithofacies (CRDF), and detrital quartz-rich lithofacies (DQRF). During the Rhuddanian period, rising global temperatures caused glacial melting and rapid marine transgressions. The low oxygen levels in bottom waters, combined with upwelling and abundant volcanic material, led to high paleoproductivity. This period primarily developed BQRF and CRF. Rich nutrients and abundant siliceous organisms, along with anoxic to anaerobic conditions, provided the material basis and preservation conditions for high biogenic quartz and organic matter content. High paleoproductivity and anoxic conditions also facilitated the precipitation of synsedimentary calcite and supplied Mg2+ and SO42− for the formation of iron-poor dolomite via sulfate reduction. From the Late Rhuddanian to the Mid-Aeronian, the Guangxi orogeny caused sea levels to fall, increasing water oxidation and reducing upwelling and volcanic activity, which lowered paleoproductivity. Rapid sedimentation rates, stepwise global temperature increases, and the intermittent intensification of weathering affected terrigenous clastic input, resulting in the alternating deposition of CRF, CRDF, and DQRF. Two favorable shale gas reservoirs were identified from the Rhuddanian–Aeronian period: Type I (BQRF) in the L1–L3 Layers, characterized by high TOC and brittleness, and Type II (DQRF) in the L4 Layer, with significant detrital quartz content. The Type I-favorable reservoir supports ongoing gas production, and the Type II-favorable reservoir offers potential as a future exploration target. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 15482 KiB  
Article
Geochemical Features, Origin, and Depositional Environment of Late Ordovician–Early Silurian Wufeng and Longmaxi Formation Cherts in the Southeastern Sichuan Basin
by Xiangying Ge, Chuanlong Mou, Xin Men, Qiyu Wang, Qian Hou, Binsong Zheng and Feifei Chen
Minerals 2024, 14(8), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080745 - 25 Jul 2024
Viewed by 695
Abstract
The Sichuan Basin in Southeastern China contains extensive bedded cherts dating back to the Late Ordovician–Early Silurian period. To investigate the origin and depositional environment of these cherts, we conducted a comprehensive study using field observations, thin sections microscopic, silicon isotope analysis, and [...] Read more.
The Sichuan Basin in Southeastern China contains extensive bedded cherts dating back to the Late Ordovician–Early Silurian period. To investigate the origin and depositional environment of these cherts, we conducted a comprehensive study using field observations, thin sections microscopic, silicon isotope analysis, and major and trace element geochemistry of samples from three sections. Our results indicate that the cherts from Wufeng and Longmaxi formations are non-hydrothermal, normal biogenic seawater deposits mainly affected by terrigenous input and slightly associated with volcanic ash. Al2O3/(Al2O3 + Fe2O3T) and LaN/CeN ratios, δCe values and Fe2O3T/TiO2 − Al2O3/(Al2O3 + Fe2O3T), Fe2O3T/(100 − SiO2) − Al2O3/(100 − SiO2), 100 × (Fe2O3T/SiO2) – 100 × (Al2O3/SiO2), and LaN/CeN − Al2O3/(Al2O3 + Fe2O3T) discrimination diagrams indicated that the bedded cherts deposited in the continental margin environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 1755 KiB  
Article
The First Data of Strontium Isotopic Composition of Osteological Material from Late Bronze to Early Iron Age Settlements in the Crimea Region
by Marianna A. Kulkova, Maya T. Kashuba, Yulia V. Kozhukhovskaya, Vitaliy A. Tikhomirov and Alexander M. Kulkov
Minerals 2024, 14(4), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14040410 - 16 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1370
Abstract
Comparison of the 87Sr/86Sr signatures of archaeological osteological material with features of geological provinces can be applied to determine the places of birth and living of individuals. Such reconstructions were conducted for both humans and domestic animals at the Late [...] Read more.
Comparison of the 87Sr/86Sr signatures of archaeological osteological material with features of geological provinces can be applied to determine the places of birth and living of individuals. Such reconstructions were conducted for both humans and domestic animals at the Late Bronze–Early Iron Age sites of the Crimea. The Crimean Peninsula is an interesting testing polygon for such research because it is characterized by a diverse geological situation within a relatively small area. The initial data allowed us to distinguish between three groups of mobility at the Bai-Kiyat I settlement and two groups at the Dolgii Bugor site. The Bai-Kiyat I site is located on the seacoast, so the proxy line for this area will correspond to the value of the ratio of strontium isotopes in seawater (0.7092). The inhabitants of this settlement, including a child from a burial on the settlement, are characterized by this value of strontium isotopes. Other groups include nonlocal people. The data obtained indicate that the steppe zone of the Northern Black Sea region was an ecumene, within which active mobility of groups of people was registered. This mobility is associated primarily with the pastoral type of economy in the period from the Chalcolithic to the Early Iron Age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition)
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25 pages, 10679 KiB  
Article
Characterization of the Sedimentary Environment of the Shanxi Formation in the Southeastern Ordos Basin Revealed by Detrital Zircon and Geochemical Analyses
by Jiandong Li, Xianqing Li, Wen Tian, Chunhui Xiao, Yingfan Zhao, Jie Xiang and Deyao Sun
Minerals 2023, 13(10), 1331; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13101331 - 14 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1542
Abstract
The interpretation of the sedimentary paleogeographic environment of the Lower Permian Shanxi Formation (P1s) coal strata in the southeastern Ordos Basin remains a subject of significant debate. In this paper, based on detrital zircon U–Pb source analysis, paleosalinity assessment, the sandstone [...] Read more.
The interpretation of the sedimentary paleogeographic environment of the Lower Permian Shanxi Formation (P1s) coal strata in the southeastern Ordos Basin remains a subject of significant debate. In this paper, based on detrital zircon U–Pb source analysis, paleosalinity assessment, the sandstone modal composition, and other methods, we analyzed the P1s source system and constructed a model of the sedimentary evolution. The findings reveal that the primary source of the clastic materials in the study area stems from a mixed-source within the recycling orogenic belt. During the deposition period, the Shanxi Formation developed two predominant material source systems: one in the north, primarily linked to the Paleo-Yinshan Fold Orogenic Belt (YFOB), and the other in the south, originating from the North Qinling Orogenic Belt (NQinOB). These two major source systems converged in the Yichuan–Fuxian area. From the early stages of the Shanxi Formation period (Shan1), there was a regional retreat of the sea in the area. The seawater receded in a southeastward direction, leading to a gradual reduction in the paleosalinity and Sr/Ba-ratio variability during the Shan1 period. The influence of the seawater diminished, transitioning into a deltaic depositional system. This shift towards a terrestrial lakeshore basin reached its full development during the Lower Xiashihezi period. This study concludes that the Shanxi Formation in this area represents the evolution of a deltaic depositional system originating from a shallow sea shelf. This evolution can be divided into three major stages: remnants of the shallow sea shelf, barrier island–lagoon–littoral, and deltaic deposition. Within this framework, the shoreline underwent frequent lateral migration, influencing a broad range of characteristics. In the vertical direction, numerous alternating sets of sandstone bodies and mudstone, shale, and coal beds formed, creating a significant relationship between coal hydrocarbon sources and reservoirs. This study also establishes the stratigraphic-sequence framework of the basin for this period. These results hold great importance for the expansion of natural gas exploration and development efforts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Geochemistry of Sediments, 2nd Edition)
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