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Nanomaterials
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Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials
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Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 15280

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zhanxi Fan

grade E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Interests: materials chemistry; nanoscience; metal-based nanomaterials; crystal phase control; catalysis; energy conversion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As an indispensable kind of earth resources, metals are demonstrating great significance in promoting the advance of modern society, because of their fascinating physical and chemical properties in a wide range of applications. Especially when the size of metal components is confined to the nanometer scale, new specific characteristics which are different from those of bulk counterparts, such as electronic structure, crystal phase, facet and defect, could appear. It offers more feasibility on structure and component design of materials to enhance their practical performance according to the features of different applications. These favorable features mean that metal-based nanomaterials have become quite eye-catching and meaningful in both academic research and industrial production. Thus, tremendous efforts have been devoted to the exploration and characterization of high-performance metal-based nanomaterials over the past decades. Despite various advanced metal-based nanomaterials that have been reported thus far, it still remains a challenge to precisely control the fine microstructure and composition via facile, cost-effective and eco-friendly synthetic strategies. Meanwhile, more systematic and detailed fundamental studies are expected to understand the underlying interaction mechanisms between structure and performance of metal-based nanomaterials in various applications like catalysis, battery, sensor, optics and biological medicine.

This Special Issue invites contributions covering experimental and/or computational studies of metal-based nanomaterials, focusing on the novel or modified synthetic strategies, specially designed microstructures and compositions, fine characterizations on properties and potential applications. Works concerning the interaction mechanisms are equally welcome, hoping to provide theoretical instructions for the future design and synthesis of new metal-based nanomaterials toward practical applications.

Prof. Dr. Zhanxi Fan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Metal-based nanomaterials
  • Synthetic strategies
  • Physical and chemical properties
  • Characterizations
  • Applications
  • Mechanisms

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 9789 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Reduction of p-Nitrophenol on MnO2/Zeolite -13X Prepared with Lawsonia inermis Extract as a Stabilizing and Capping Agent
by Enshirah Da’na, Amel Taha and Mohamed R. El-Aassar
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 785; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040785 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2595
Abstract
p-nitrophenol (pNP) is a highly toxic organic compound and is considered carcinogenic and mutagenic. It is a very stable compound with high resistance to chemical or biological degradation. As a result, the elimination of this pollutant has been very challenging for many researchers. [...] Read more.
p-nitrophenol (pNP) is a highly toxic organic compound and is considered carcinogenic and mutagenic. It is a very stable compound with high resistance to chemical or biological degradation. As a result, the elimination of this pollutant has been very challenging for many researchers. Catalytic reduction is one of the most promising techniques, if a suitable catalyst is developed. Thus, this work aims to prepare an eco-friendly catalyst via a simple and low-cost route and apply it for the conversion of the toxic p-nitrophenol (pNP) into a non-toxic p-aminophenol (pAP) that is widely used in industry. Manganese oxide was prepared in an environmentally friendly manner with the aid of Lawsonia inermis (henna) extract as a stabilizing and capping agent and loaded on the surface of 13X molecular sieve zeolite. The UV-Vis spectrum, EDS, and XRD patterns confirmed the formation of the pure MnO2 loaded on the zeolite crystalline network. The TGA analysis showed that the samples prepared by loading MnO2 on zeolite (Mn2Z, Mn3Z, and Mn4Z) lost more mass than pure MnO2 (Mn) or zeolite (Z), which is mainly moisture adsorbed on the surface. This indicates a better dispersion of MnO2 on the surface of zeolite compared to pure MnO2, and thus a higher number of active adsorption sites. SEM images and EDS confirmed the dispersion of the MnO2 on the surface of the zeolite. Results showed a very fast reduction rate, following the order Mn2Z > Mn3Z > Mn4Z > Mn > Z. With sample Mn2Z, 96% reduction of pNP was achieved in 9 min and 100% in 30 min. For Mn3Z, Mn4Z, and Mn, 98% reduction was achieved in 20 min and 100% in 30 min. Zeolite was the slowest, with only a 40% reduction in 30 min. Increasing the amount of zeolite in the synthesis mixture resulted in lower reduction efficiency. The kinetic study indicated that the reduction of p-nitrophenol on the surface of the prepared nanocomposite follows the pseudo-first-order model. The results show that the proposed nanocomposite is very effective and very promising to be commercially applied in water treatment, due to its low cost, simple synthesis procedure, and reusability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials)
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10 pages, 3838 KiB  
Article
Controlled Synthesis of Tellurium Nanowires
by Vladimir Miranda La Hera, Xiuyu Wu, Josué Mena, Hamid Reza Barzegar, Anumol Ashok, Sergey Koroidov, Thomas Wågberg and Eduardo Gracia-Espino
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4137; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12234137 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2551
Abstract
One-dimensional tellurium nanostructures can exhibit distinct electronic properties from those seen in bulk Te. The electronic properties of nanostructured Te are highly dependent on their morphology, and thus controlled synthesis processes are required. Here, highly crystalline tellurium nanowires were produced via physical vapour [...] Read more.
One-dimensional tellurium nanostructures can exhibit distinct electronic properties from those seen in bulk Te. The electronic properties of nanostructured Te are highly dependent on their morphology, and thus controlled synthesis processes are required. Here, highly crystalline tellurium nanowires were produced via physical vapour deposition. We used growth temperature, heating rate, flow of the carrier gas, and growth time to control the degree of supersaturation in the region where Te nanostructures are grown. The latter leads to a control in the nucleation and morphology of Te nanostructures. We observed that Te nanowires grow via the vapour–solid mechanism where a Te particle acts as a seed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron diffraction studies revealed that Te nanowires have a trigonal crystal structure and grow along the (0001) direction. Their diameter can be tuned from 26 to 200 nm with lengths from 8.5 to 22 μm, where the highest aspect ratio of 327 was obtained for wires measuring 26 nm in diameter and 8.5 μm in length. We investigated the use of bismuth as an additive to reduce the formation of tellurium oxides, and we discuss the effect of other growth parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials)
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10 pages, 2510 KiB  
Article
Phase Composition, Structure and Properties of the Spark Plasma Sintered Ceramics Obtained from the Al12Mg17-B-Si Powder Mixtures
by Pavel Nikitin, Ilya Zhukov, Alexey Matveev, Sergei Sokolov, Victor Sachkov and Alexander Vorozhtsov
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(11), 1895; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12111895 - 1 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1916
Abstract
In this work, composite materials were obtained by spark plasma sintering of an Al12Mg17-B-Si powder mixture. The structure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of the obtained composites were studied. It was found that various compounds based on B12 [...] Read more.
In this work, composite materials were obtained by spark plasma sintering of an Al12Mg17-B-Si powder mixture. The structure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of the obtained composites were studied. It was found that various compounds based on B12 icosahedrons, such as AlB12, B4Si, and B6Si, are formed during spark plasma sintering. Based on the SEM images and results of XRD analysis of the obtained specimens, a probable scheme for the formation of the phase composition of composite materials during spark plasma sintering was proposed. An increase in the Al12Mg17-B powder content in the initial mixture from 30 to 70 wt% leads to an increase in hardness from 16.55 to 21.24 GPa and a decrease in the friction coefficient and wear rate from 0.56 to 0.32 and 13.60 to 5.60 10−5 mm−3/(N/m), respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials)
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13 pages, 6213 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Scandium on the Composition and Structure of the Ti-Al Alloy Obtained by “Hydride Technology”
by Natalia Karakchieva, Olga Lepakova, Yuri Abzaev, Victor Sachkov and Irina Kurzina
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(4), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040918 - 3 Apr 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2661
Abstract
In this study the influence of scandium on the structural and phase state of the Ti-Al alloy obtained by the method of “Hydride Technology” (HT). The Rietveld method has allowed for determining the content of basic phases of the 49at.%Ti-49at.%Al-2at.%Sc system. By means [...] Read more.
In this study the influence of scandium on the structural and phase state of the Ti-Al alloy obtained by the method of “Hydride Technology” (HT). The Rietveld method has allowed for determining the content of basic phases of the 49at.%Ti-49at.%Al-2at.%Sc system. By means of the methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray spectral microanalysis, it has been established that scandium additives into the Ti-Al system result in the change of the quantitative content of phases in local regions of the structure. The Ti2Al5 phase has been found, and Ti2Al has been absent. In the morphology of substructures Ti-Al and Ti-Al-Sc there are lamellar structures or lamellae; the peculiarities of the distribution, fraction and size of which are influenced by scandium additives. The average width of Al-rich lamellae has been 0.85 µm, which is four times greater than that for the Ti-Al system (0.21 µm). For Ti-rich lamellae of the sample of the Ti-Al-Sc alloy, the average width of the lamellae has been 0.54 µm, and for Ti-Al it has been 0.34 µm. Based on the obtained data, a scheme of the distribution of phases in the composition of the Ti-Al-Sc alloy in the lamellar structures has been proposed. It has been established that in the Ti-Al-Sc system there is growth of the near-surface strength relative to Ti-Al. In this way, the microhardness of the Ti-Al-Sc alloy has amounted to 1.7 GPa, that is of the Ti-Al alloy which is 1.2 GPa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials)
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Review

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16 pages, 3737 KiB  
Review
Effect of Wettability and Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement Particle on Mechanical Property (Tensile) in Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite—A Review
by Johny James, A. Raja Annamalai, A. Muthuchamy and Chun-Ping Jen
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(9), 2230; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11092230 - 29 Aug 2021
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4125
Abstract
There is a massive demand for low-weight high strength materials in automotive, space aerospace, and even structural industries in this present engineering world. These industries attract composites only because of their high strength, resistance to wear, and low weight. Among these composites, metal [...] Read more.
There is a massive demand for low-weight high strength materials in automotive, space aerospace, and even structural industries in this present engineering world. These industries attract composites only because of their high strength, resistance to wear, and low weight. Among these composites, metal matrix composite finds wide applications due to its elevated properties, excellent resistance property, corrosion resistance, etc. The reinforcements exist in particles, fiber, and whiskers. Among the three, particles play an important role because of their availability and wettability with the metal matrix. Additionally, among the various metal matrices such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium, etc., aluminum plays a vital role among metal matrices because of its cost, availability in abundance, and castability. Stir casting is the most inexpensive and straightforward composite fabrication technique among the prevailing techniques. Even though so many factors contribute to the elevated property of composites, metal matrix, and reinforcement phase, uniform distribution and wettability are essential factors among all the other factors. This review aims to develop a composite with elevated property in a cost-effective manner. Cost includes metal matrix, reinforcement, and processing technique. Various works have been tabulated to achieve the above objective, and analysis was carried out on tensile strength concerning microstructure. This review paper explores the challenges in composite fabrication and finds a solution to overcome them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Metal-Based Nanomaterials)
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