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Nanomaterials
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Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials
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Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2021) | Viewed by 28658

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Chiara Battocchio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Science, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
Interests: XPS; NEXAFS; nanomaterials; biomaterials; surfaces and interfaces
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A biomaterial is a system that has been engineered to take a form able to direct the course of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures by controlling its interactions with the living body. In this wide field of research, nanostructured biomaterials able to conjugate the chemico-physical properties typical of nano-objects with biocompatibility are appealing candidates to design and realize innovative materials for applications in biomedicine. Since the interactions arising at the interface between a biomaterial and the living body are of primary importance for the biomaterial applicability, the study of the chemical and molecular structure of the material surface is of outmost importance for developing innovative and functional biomaterials.

In this context, the aim of this Special Issue is to provide a peer-reviewed forum for the publication of original papers dealing with the most important issues regarding the design, production, and structural investigation of innovative biomaterials and covering the wide range of physical, biological, and chemical sciences that underpin the design of nanostructured biomaterials and the investigation of their surfaces as well as of the interactions occurring at the biomaterial–host interface.

Prof. Dr. Chiara Battocchio
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biocompatible materials
  • bioactive materials
  • biomimetic materials
  • nanostructured surfaces
  • functionalized surfaces
  • interfaces
  • tissue engineering
  • regenerative medicine
  • surfaces/interfaces characterization

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3630 KiB  
Article
A Simple Cerium Coating Strategy for Titanium Oxide Nanotubes’ Bioactivity Enhancement
by Serena De Santis, Giovanni Sotgiu, Francesco Porcelli, Martina Marsotto, Giovanna Iucci and Monica Orsini
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 445; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020445 - 10 Feb 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2966
Abstract
Despite the well-known favorable chemical and mechanical properties of titanium-based materials for orthopedic and dental applications, poor osseointegration of the implants, bacteria adhesion, and excessive inflammatory response from the host remain major problems to be solved. Here, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory enzyme-like abilities [...] Read more.
Despite the well-known favorable chemical and mechanical properties of titanium-based materials for orthopedic and dental applications, poor osseointegration of the implants, bacteria adhesion, and excessive inflammatory response from the host remain major problems to be solved. Here, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory enzyme-like abilities of ceria (CeOx) were coupled to the advantageous features of titanium nanotubes (TiNTs). Cost-effective and fast methods, such as electrochemical anodization and drop casting, were used to build active surfaces with enhanced bioactivity. Surface composition, electrochemical response, and in vitro ability to induce hydroxyapatite (HA) precipitation were evaluated. The amount of cerium in the coating did not significantly affect wettability, yet a growing ability to induce early HA precipitation from simulated body fluid (SBF) was observed as the oxide content at the surface increased. The presence of 4%wt CeOx was also able to stimulate rapid HA maturation in a (poorly) crystalline form, indicating an interesting potential to induce rapid in vivo osseointegration process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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13 pages, 4839 KiB  
Article
Fabrication and Characterization of Ceftizoxime-Loaded Pectin Nanocarriers
by Pawan Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Ravinder Kumar and Catalin Iulian Pruncu
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(8), 1452; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10081452 - 24 Jul 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2644
Abstract
Ceftizoxime (C13H12N5NaO5S2) is a parenteral, third-generationcephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections including ear, nose, and throat infections. In this work, pectin has been used as a nanocarrier for ceftizoxime due to its [...] Read more.
Ceftizoxime (C13H12N5NaO5S2) is a parenteral, third-generationcephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections including ear, nose, and throat infections. In this work, pectin has been used as a nanocarrier for ceftizoxime due to its high biocompatibility and non-toxicity with tunable surface properties. Ceftizoxime-loaded pectin nanocarriers (CPN) were successfully synthesized by the solvent displacement method. Optimization of nanoformulation was done by response surface methodology using Design-Expert software. The optimized formulation examined various in-vitro characterizations such as particle size, morphology, and FTIR studies. TEM results revealed irregular shape nanoparticles within the range of 29–110 nm. The in-vitro drug release using the dialysis method was performed after 24 h where nanoformulation showed sustained drug release. Drug-loaded nanoparticles revealed good antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymyxa, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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14 pages, 1684 KiB  
Article
Hydroxyapatite Surfaces Functionalized with a Self-Assembling Peptide: XPS, RAIRS and NEXAFS Study
by Valeria Secchi, Stefano Franchi, Monica Dettin, Annj Zamuner, Klára Beranová, Alina Vladescu, Chiara Battocchio, Valerio Graziani, Luca Tortora and Giovanna Iucci
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(6), 1151; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10061151 - 12 Jun 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3615
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings can improve the biocompatibility and bioactivity of titanium alloys, such as Ti6Al4V, commonly used as material for orthopedic prostheses. In this framework, we have studied the surface of HAP coatings enriched with Mg and either Si or Ti deposited by [...] Read more.
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings can improve the biocompatibility and bioactivity of titanium alloys, such as Ti6Al4V, commonly used as material for orthopedic prostheses. In this framework, we have studied the surface of HAP coatings enriched with Mg and either Si or Ti deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on Ti6Al4V. HAP coatings have been furtherly functionalized by adsorption of a self-assembling peptide (SAP) on the HAP surface, with the aim of increasing the material bioactivity. The selected SAP (peptide sequence AbuEAbuEAbuKAbuKAbuEAbuEAbuKAbuK) is a self-complementary oligopeptide able to generate extended ordered structures by self-assembling in watery solutions. Samples were prepared by incubation of the HAP coatings in SAP solutions and subsequently analyzed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopies, in order to determine the amount of adsorbed peptide, the peptide stability and the structure of the peptide overlayer on the HAP coatings as a function of the HAP substrate and of the pH of the mother SAP solution. Experimental data yielded evidence of SAP adsorption on the HAP surface, and peptide overlayers showed ordered structure and molecular orientation. The thickness of the SAP overlayer depends on the composition of the HAP coating. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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17 pages, 2728 KiB  
Article
Fibrillar Self-Assembly of a Chimeric Elastin-Resilin Inspired Engineered Polypeptide
by Angelo Bracalello, Valeria Secchi, Roberta Mastrantonio, Antonietta Pepe, Tiziana Persichini, Giovanna Iucci, Brigida Bochicchio and Chiara Battocchio
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(11), 1613; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9111613 - 14 Nov 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3955
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, recombinant protein-based biomaterials made up of block polypeptides with tunable properties arising from the functionalities of the individual domains are appealing candidates for the construction of medical devices. In this work, we focused our attention on the [...] Read more.
In the field of tissue engineering, recombinant protein-based biomaterials made up of block polypeptides with tunable properties arising from the functionalities of the individual domains are appealing candidates for the construction of medical devices. In this work, we focused our attention on the preparation and structural characterization of nanofibers from a chimeric-polypeptide-containing resilin and elastin domain, designed on purpose to enhance its cell-binding ability by introducing a specific fibronectin-derived Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence. The polypeptide ability to self-assemble was investigated. The molecular and supramolecular structure was characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), circular dichroism, state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation-induced techniques X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS). The attained complementary results allow us to assess as H-bonds influence the morphology of the aggregates obtained after the self-assembling of the chimeric polypeptide. Finally, a preliminary investigation of the potential cytotoxicity of the polypeptide was performed by culturing human fetal foreskin fibroblast (HFFF2) for its use as biomedical device. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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19 pages, 7848 KiB  
Article
The Preparation and Properties of Multilayer Cu-MTa2O5 Composite Coatings on Ti6Al4V for Biomedical Applications
by Zeliang Ding, Yi Wang, Quan Zhou, Ziyu Ding, Yiyong Wu, Yuefang Zhu, Wensong Shi and Quanguo He
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(10), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101498 - 21 Oct 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3286
Abstract
For the enhancement of the anticorrosion and antibacterial performance of the biomedical alloy Ti6Al4V, a novel Cu incorporated multilayer Ta2O5ceramic composite coating Cu-Ta2O5/Ta2O5/Ta2O5-TiO2/TiO2/Ti [...] Read more.
For the enhancement of the anticorrosion and antibacterial performance of the biomedical alloy Ti6Al4V, a novel Cu incorporated multilayer Ta2O5ceramic composite coating Cu-Ta2O5/Ta2O5/Ta2O5-TiO2/TiO2/Ti (coating codeCu-MTa2O5) was developed by radio frequency (RF) and direct current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering. Meanwhile, to better display the multilayer Ta2O5 coating mentioned above, a monolayer Ta2O5 ceramic coating was deposited onto the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy as a reference. The surface morphology, microstructure, phase constituents, and elemental states of the coating were evaluated by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The adhesion strength, wettability, anticorrosion and antibacterial properties of the coating were examined by a scratch tester, contact angle measurement, electrochemical workstations, and plate counting method, respectively. The results showed that the deposited coatings were amorphous and hydrophobic. Cu doped into the Ta2O5 coating existed as CuO and Cu2O. A Ta2O5-TiO2/TiO2/Ti multi-interlayer massively enhanced the adhesion strength of the coating, which was 2.9 times stronger than that of the monolayer Ta2O5coating. The multilayer Cu-MTa2O5 coating revealed a higher corrosion potential and smaller corrosion current density as compared to the uncoated Ti6Al4V, indicating the better anticorrosion performance of Ti6Al4V. Moreover, a 99.8% antibacterial effect of Cu-MTa2O5 coated against Staphylococcus aureuswas obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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16 pages, 3181 KiB  
Article
Biocompatible and Biodegradable Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles with In Vitro Photostable Near-Infrared Emission: Short-Term Fluorescent Markers
by Asma Khalid, Romina Norello, Amanda N. Abraham, Jean-Philippe Tetienne, Timothy J. Karle, Edward W. C. Lui, Kenong Xia, Phong A. Tran, Andrea J. O’Connor, Bruce G. Mann, Richard de Boer, Yanling He, Alan Man Ching Ng, Aleksandra B. Djurisic, Ravi Shukla and Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(10), 1360; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101360 - 23 Sep 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4659
Abstract
Imaging of biological matter by using fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) is becoming a widespread method for in vitro imaging. However, currently there is no fluorescent NP that satisfies all necessary criteria for short-term in vivo imaging: biocompatibility, biodegradability, photostability, suitable wavelengths of absorbance and [...] Read more.
Imaging of biological matter by using fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) is becoming a widespread method for in vitro imaging. However, currently there is no fluorescent NP that satisfies all necessary criteria for short-term in vivo imaging: biocompatibility, biodegradability, photostability, suitable wavelengths of absorbance and fluorescence that differ from tissue auto-fluorescence, and near infrared (NIR) emission. In this paper, we report on the photoluminescent properties of magnesium oxide (MgO) NPs that meet all these criteria. The optical defects, attributed to vanadium and chromium ion substitutional defects, emitting in the NIR, are observed at room temperature in NPs of commercial and in-house ball-milled MgO nanoparticles, respectively. As such, the NPs have been successfully integrated into cultured cells and photostable bright in vitro emission from NPs was recorded and analyzed. We expect that numerous biotechnological and medical applications will emerge as this nanomaterial satisfies all criteria for short-term in vivo imaging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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20 pages, 4386 KiB  
Article
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Extracellular Pigment from Talaromyces purpurogenus and Their Biomedical Applications
by Sharad Bhatnagar, Toshiro Kobori, Deepak Ganesh, Kazuyoshi Ogawa and Hideki Aoyagi
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(7), 1042; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9071042 - 21 Jul 2019
Cited by 81 | Viewed by 6559
Abstract
In recent years, green syntheses have been researched comprehensively to develop inexpensive and eco-friendly approaches for the generation of nanoparticles. In this context, plant and microbial sources are being examined to discover potential reducing agents. This study aims to utilize an extracellular pigment [...] Read more.
In recent years, green syntheses have been researched comprehensively to develop inexpensive and eco-friendly approaches for the generation of nanoparticles. In this context, plant and microbial sources are being examined to discover potential reducing agents. This study aims to utilize an extracellular pigment produced by Talaromyces purpurogenus as a prospective reducing agent to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), electron probe micro analyser (EPMA), and zeta potential. The pigment functional groups involved in the generation of AgNPs were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. TEM images showed that the generated nanoparticles were spherical, hexagonal, rod-shaped, and triangular-shaped with a particle size distribution from 4 to 41 nm and exhibited a surface plasmon resonance at around 410 nm. DLS and zeta potential studies revealed that the particles were polydispersed and stable (−24.8 mV). EPMA confirmed the presence of elemental silver in the samples. Biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations of 32 and 4 μg/mL against E. coli and S. epidermidis, respectively. Further, cytotoxicity of the AgNPs was investigated against human cervical cancer (HeLa), human liver cancer (HepG2), and human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell lines using 5-fluorouracil as a positive control. A significant activity was recorded against HepG2 cell line with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 11.1 μg/mL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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