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Nanomaterials
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Semiconductor Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Gas Sensing Applications
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Semiconductor Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Gas Sensing Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 3266

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jiran Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: vanadium dioxide; LSPR; radiative cooling; and smart windows
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Semiconductor metal oxide is a popular and important gas-sensitive material with applications in public safety, pollution monitoring, breath analysis, smart homes and automobiles. Metal oxide semiconductor nanomaterials, such as SnO2, ZnO, VO2, In2O3, WO3 and CuO, have a high sensitivity, short response/recovery time and low cost considering their large surface-area-to-volume ratio and activity. Obvious depletion layer form on the surface of nanomaterials when gas absorbs there. The sensitivity of nanomaterials can be improved by reducing them to an ultrathin nanosheet or ultralong nanowire composite with another metal oxide or noble metal to form a heterojunction. These strategies can increase the ratio of the depletion layer on the nanomaterial and produce new functional materials for high-performance device or sensor applications.

Significant efforts thus far have focused on the synthesis and characterization of metal oxide nanostructures, such as ultrathin nanosheets, nanowires, nanoparticles, nanorods and so on. Many of these have been used to fabricate composite structures, for example, nanoparticles on nanowire or nanorods, cross-linked nanowire, vertical nanosheet arrays, etc. The underlying physics of nanomaterials and their possible applications in various gas detections, electronic nose and chemiresistive gas sensors have attracted the attention of both theorists and experimentalists.

The present Special Issue aims to collect state-of-the-art work on semiconductor nanomaterials and their homo- or heterojunctions considering both fundamental and application perspectives. Review articles or research papers dealing with the fabrication and the gas sensing properties of semiconductor nanomaterials and their heterojunctions are welcome.

Dr. Jiran Liang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • metal oxide semiconductors: SnO2, ZnO, VO2, In2O3, WO3 and CuO and so on
  • nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowire, ultrathin nanosheet structure, 
  • nanocomposite structure
  • heterojunctions
  • nano array
  • gas sensors
  • room temperature response
  • sensitive materials
  • electronic nose
  • chemiresistive gas sensors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3338 KiB  
Article
Controlled Synthesis and Enhanced Gas Sensing Performance of Zinc-Doped Indium Oxide Nanowires
by Che-Wen Yu, Hsuan-Wei Fu, Shu-Meng Yang, Yu-Shan Lin and Kuo-Chang Lu
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(7), 1170; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13071170 - 25 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2065
Abstract
Indium oxide (In2O3) is a widely used n-type semiconductor for detection of pollutant gases; however, its gas selectivity and sensitivity have been suboptimal in previous studies. In this work, zinc-doped indium oxide nanowires with appropriate morphologies and high crystallinity [...] Read more.
Indium oxide (In2O3) is a widely used n-type semiconductor for detection of pollutant gases; however, its gas selectivity and sensitivity have been suboptimal in previous studies. In this work, zinc-doped indium oxide nanowires with appropriate morphologies and high crystallinity were synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). An accurate method for electrical measurement was attained using a single nanowire microdevice, showing that electrical resistivity increased after doping with zinc. This is attributed to the lower valence of the dopant, which acts as an acceptor, leading to the decrease in electrical conductivity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirms the increased oxygen vacancies due to doping a suitable number of atoms, which altered oxygen adsorption on the nanowires and contributed to improved gas sensing performance. The sensing performance was evaluated using reducing gases, including carbon monoxide, acetone, and ethanol. Overall, the response of the doped nanowires was found to be higher than that of undoped nanowires at a low concentration (5 ppm) and low operating temperatures. At 300 °C, the gas sensing response of zinc-doped In2O3 nanowires was 13 times higher than that of undoped In2O3 nanowires. The study concludes that higher zinc doping concentration in In2O3 nanowires improves gas sensing properties by increasing oxygen vacancies after doping and enhancing gas molecule adsorption. With better response to reducing gases, zinc-doped In2O3 nanowires will be applicable in environmental detection and life science. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Semiconductor Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Gas Sensing Applications)
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10 pages, 5264 KiB  
Article
Cross-Interference of VOCs in SnO2-Based NO Sensors
by Renjun Si, Yan Li, Jie Tian, Changshu Tan, Shaofeng Chen, Ming Lei, Feng Xie, Xin Guo and Shunping Zhang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050908 - 28 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1561
Abstract
In this work, we studied the influence of cross-interference effects between VOCs and NO on the performance of SnO2 and Pt-SnO2-based gas sensors. Sensing films were fabricated by screen printing. The results show that the response of the SnO2 [...] Read more.
In this work, we studied the influence of cross-interference effects between VOCs and NO on the performance of SnO2 and Pt-SnO2-based gas sensors. Sensing films were fabricated by screen printing. The results show that the response of the SnO2 sensors to NO under air is higher than that of Pt-SnO2, but the response to VOCs is lower than that of Pt-SnO2. The Pt-SnO2 sensor was significantly more responsive to VOCs in the NO background than in air. In the traditional single-component gas test, the pure SnO2 sensor showed good selectivity to VOCs and NO at 300 °C and 150 °C, respectively. Loading noble metal Pt improved the sensitivity to VOCs at high temperature, but also significantly increased the interference to NO sensitivity at low temperature. The explanation for this phenomenon is that the noble metal Pt can catalyze the reaction between NO and VOCs to generate more O−, which further promotes the adsorption of VOCs. Therefore, selectivity cannot be simply determined by single-component gas testing alone. Mutual interference between mixed gases needs to be taken into account. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Semiconductor Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Gas Sensing Applications)
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14 pages, 4858 KiB  
Article
Conductometric ppb-Level CO Sensors Based on In2O3 Nanofibers Co-Modified with Au and Pd Species
by Wenjiang Han, Jiaqi Yang, Bin Jiang, Xi Wang, Chong Wang, Lanlan Guo, Yanfeng Sun, Fangmeng Liu, Peng Sun and Geyu Lu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(19), 3267; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12193267 - 20 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2322
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most toxic gases to human life. Therefore, the effective monitoring of it down to ppb level is of great significance. Herein, a series of In2O3 nanofibers modified with Au or Pd species or [...] Read more.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most toxic gases to human life. Therefore, the effective monitoring of it down to ppb level is of great significance. Herein, a series of In2O3 nanofibers modified with Au or Pd species or simultaneous Au and Pd species have been prepared by electrospinning combined with a calcination process. The as-obtained samples are applied for the detection of CO. Gas-sensing investigations indicate that 2 at% Au and 2 at% Pd-co-modified In2O3 nanofibers exhibit the highest response (21.7) to 100 ppm CO at 180 °C, and the response value is ~8.5 times higher than that of pure In2O3 nanofibers. More importantly, the detection limit to CO is about 200 ppb with a response value of 1.23, and is obviously lower than that (6 ppm) of pure In2O3 nanofibers. In addition, the sensor also shows good stability within 19 days. These demonstrate that co-modifying In2O3 nanofibers with suitable amounts of Pd and Au species might be a meaningful strategy for the development of high-performance carbon monoxide gas sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Semiconductor Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Gas Sensing Applications)
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