Nutraceuticals and Sports Performance

A special issue of Nutraceuticals (ISSN 1661-3821).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 5946

Special Issue Editor

Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
Interests: sports nutrition; sports performance; exercise; cognitive function; nutraceuticals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The nutraceutical environment is one of the world’s leading markets of the food industry, which encompasses a broad range of products, such as functional foods and beverages, fortified foods and dietary supplements. The interaction of these nutraceuticals and sports supplements with exercise is a research area that has received substantial attention due to their combined positive effect on cognitive function, exercise performance and/or health-related outcomes for athletes. Despite this attention and promising evidence, the efficacy and reliability of many nutraceuticals and sports supplements in human participants remain unclear.

There is a call for research within this field to understand the reasons for variability and/ or lack of effects within previous research, while also identifying the situations during which the efficacy of nutraceuticals and sport supplements may be most effective. As such, personalised sports and exercise nutrition focuses on the contextual variables that may influence the applicability and efficacy of an intervention. These factors may include the stratification of participant cohorts by age, gender, ethnicity, health status, presence of a placebo effect, environmental conditions (e.g. hypoxia, heat and cold), training status, co-supplementation/ dietary intake, susceptibility to gastrointestinal distress, genotypes and/or type of sport/activity performed. Furthermore, this area challenges the current misconceptions that sport supplements only concern elite and professional athletes. As such, this research theme also incorporates the fundamental principles and knowledge within sporting populations and applies it to exercise performance in healthy and/or clinical general populations (e.g., recreational athletes, healthy ageing and/or professional athletes).

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of original articles or reviews that can improve our knowledge about the beneficial effects of nutraceuticals for sports performance.

Dr. Sanjoy Deb
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • sports nutrition
  • sports performance
  • exercise
  • dietary supplements
  • functional foods
  • nutrient–exercise interaction

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 655 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Caffeine Supplementation on Resistance and Jumping Exercise: The Interaction with CYP1A2 and ADORA2A Genotypes
by Emilia Zawieja, Agata Chmurzynska, Jacek Anioła, Bogna Zawieja and Jason Cholewa
Nutraceuticals 2023, 3(2), 274-289; https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals3020022 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2845
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the association of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A gene polymorphisms, paraxanthine concentrations, and habitual caffeine (CAF) intake with respect to muscular performance after acute CAF supplementation. Methods: A total of 27 resistance-trained males participating in the study ingested either 5 mg/kg of [...] Read more.
Purpose: To evaluate the association of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A gene polymorphisms, paraxanthine concentrations, and habitual caffeine (CAF) intake with respect to muscular performance after acute CAF supplementation. Methods: A total of 27 resistance-trained males participating in the study ingested either 5 mg/kg of CAF or PL 45 min before a battery of exercise tests in a cross-over design. DNA was tested for the rs5751876 and rs762551 polymorphisms. Results: CAF improved performance in jumping average power, average velocity, max velocity, bench press in the first set, and peak power in the second set. For the CYP1A2 genotype, C allele carriers improved in jumping average velocity (CAF: 1.77 ± 0.14 m/s, PL: 1.71 ± 0.16 m/s, p < 0.001), and AA homozygotes improved set 1 bench press (CAF: 9.7 ± 1.7 reps, PL: 8.9 ± 1.8 reps, p = 0.046). For the ADORA2A genotype, CC (CAF: 1.70 ± 0.20 m/s, PL: 1.67 ± 0.19 m/s, p = 0.005) and CT (CAF: 1.79 ± 0.09 m/s, PL: 1.74 ± 0.11 m/s, p < 0.001) improved in jumping average velocity and CT also improved in bench press set 2 peak power (CAF: 363 ± 76 W, PL: 323 ± 59 W, p = 0.021). For CAF habituation, CAF improved jumping average power (p = 0.007) and jumping average velocity (p < 0.001) in high users but not in low users (p > 0.05). Conclusions: CAF may improve jumping and bench press performance, irrespective of genotypes, but the associations with the genotypes in CYP1A2 and ADORA2A genes, as well as habitual CAF intake, are not clear and require further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutraceuticals and Sports Performance)
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Review

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13 pages, 324 KiB  
Review
Multiple Biological Mechanisms for the Potential Influence of Phytochemicals on Physical Activity Performance: A Narrative Review
by Robert Thomas, Madeleine Williams, Jeffrey Aldous and Kevin Wyld
Nutraceuticals 2023, 3(3), 353-365; https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals3030027 - 11 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Natural phytochemicals (PCs) are responsible for the taste, colour, and aroma of many edible plants. Cohort studies have linked higher intake to a reduced risk of chronic degenerative diseases and premature ageing. The ability of foods rich in PCs, such as phytanthocyanins, apigenin, [...] Read more.
Natural phytochemicals (PCs) are responsible for the taste, colour, and aroma of many edible plants. Cohort studies have linked higher intake to a reduced risk of chronic degenerative diseases and premature ageing. The ability of foods rich in PCs, such as phytanthocyanins, apigenin, flavonols, flavonoids, bioflavonoids, gallic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, and ellagitannins, to support physical activity has also been highlighted in a number of published pre-clinical and prospective clinical studies. This literature mostly emphasises the ability of PCs to enhance the adaptive upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (AEs), which reduces exercise-associated oxidative stress, but there are several other mechanisms of benefit that this narrative review addresses. These mechanisms include; protecting joints and tendons from physical trauma during exercise; mitigating delayed-onset muscle symptoms (DOMS) and muscle damage; improving muscle and tissue oxygenation during training; cultivating a healthy gut microbiome hence lowering excess inflammation; cutting the incidence of upper respiratory tract viral infections which disrupt training programmes; and helping to restore circadian rhythm which improves sleep recovery and reduces daytime fatigue, which in turn elevates mood and motivation to train. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutraceuticals and Sports Performance)
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