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Nutrients
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Nutrition Interventions and Their Impact on Brain Health and Disease
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Nutrition Interventions and Their Impact on Brain Health and Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 December 2024 | Viewed by 12231

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Adina T. Michael-Titus

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
Interests: neuroprotection; neuroplasticity; neurotrauma; neurodegeneration; neuronal metabolism
Dr. Simon McArthur

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
Interests: neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; blood–brain barrier; gut microbiome; resilience

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is increased evidence that specific nutrition interventions have the potential to lead to improvements in a variety of nervous system conditions that are associated with altered brain function. Therefore, there is a need to increase our understanding of the impact of specific dietary modifications on brain structure and activity within the context of health and neurological disease. The scope of this Special Issue on ‘Nutrition Interventions and Their Impact on Brain Structure and Function’ is to address this need and to share with the scientific community insights into the objective changes that nutrition and specific dietary factors can trigger in the brain. It is hoped that an improved understanding of these aspects will enhance the acceptance and use of specific nutrition interventions as valuable components of an integrated therapeutic approach in neurology.

Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to provide new insights into the impact of nutrition interventions on various parameters of brain structure, brain metabolism and brain function.

We invite investigators to contribute original clinical or experimental research articles as well as review articles on this topic.

Prof. Dr. Adina T. Michael-Titus
Dr. Simon McArthur
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • brain
  • nutrients
  • cerebral blood flow
  • blood-brain barrier
  • gut-brain axis
  • brain connectivity
  • brain structure
  • brain imaging
  • brain metabolism
  • vitamins
  • antioxidants
  • lipids
  • amino acids

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1034 KiB  
Article
Vitamins C and D Exhibit Similar Antidepressant Effects to Escitalopram Mediated by NOx and FKBPL in a Stress-Induced Mice Model
by Omar Gammoh, Aseel Ibrahim, Esam Qnais, Abdelrahim Alqudah, Sara Altaber, Alaa A. A. Aljabali and Murtaza M. Tambuwala
Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2692; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122692 - 9 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3110
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of vitamin C and vitamin D in a stress-induced mouse model of depression, while also exploring the association between these effects and the levels of circulating NOx, periostin, and [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of vitamin C and vitamin D in a stress-induced mouse model of depression, while also exploring the association between these effects and the levels of circulating NOx, periostin, and FKBPL. Our findings revealed that both vitamin C and vitamin D exhibited comparable antidepressant effects to escitalopram, a commonly used antidepressant, without demonstrating any anxiolytic effects. The antidepressant properties of vitamin C and vitamin D were linked to the normalization of Nox and FKBPL levels, while the levels of periostin showed no significant correlation. These results are consistent with previous research, indicating that the antidepressant effects of vitamin C and vitamin D may be attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as their modulation of neurotransmission and norepinephrine release. Additionally, our study uncovered elevated levels of periostin in stress-induced depression, which were only restored to normal levels by escitalopram, suggesting a potential role for periostin in mood disorders. Furthermore, FKBPL and NOx levels were increased in stress-induced depression and normalized by treatment with vitamin C, vitamin D, and escitalopram, indicating their involvement in the stress response and gene expression regulation. However, it is important to acknowledge certain limitations of our research, such as the use of a single depression induction model and limited dosing regimens. Future investigations should focus on examining these markers in specific brain regions, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their potential implications for depression. Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin C, vitamin D, and escitalopram may possess antidepressant properties mediated by NOx and FKBPL levels, while emphasizing the potential significance of periostin in the context of depression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Interventions and Their Impact on Brain Health and Disease)
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Review

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25 pages, 1119 KiB  
Review
Dietary (Poly)phenols and the Gut–Brain Axis in Ageing
by Léonie Láng, Simon McArthur, Alpar S. Lazar, Line Pourtau, David Gaudout, Matthew G. Pontifex, Michael Müller and David Vauzour
Nutrients 2024, 16(10), 1500; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16101500 - 16 May 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2817
Abstract
As the population ages, the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases is rapidly increasing, and novel approaches to mitigate this soaring prevalence are sorely needed. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of gut microbial homeostasis and its impact on brain functions, commonly referred to [...] Read more.
As the population ages, the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases is rapidly increasing, and novel approaches to mitigate this soaring prevalence are sorely needed. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of gut microbial homeostasis and its impact on brain functions, commonly referred to as the gut–brain axis, in maintaining overall health and wellbeing. Nonetheless, the mechanisms by which this system acts remains poorly defined. In this review, we will explore how (poly)phenols, a class of natural compounds found in many plant-based foods and beverages, can modulate the gut–brain axis, and thereby promote neural health. While evidence indicates a beneficial role of (poly)phenol consumption as part of a balanced diet, human studies are scarce and mechanistic insight is still lacking. In this regard, we make the case that dietary (poly)phenols should be further explored to establish their therapeutic efficacy on brain health through modulation of the gut–brain axis, with much greater emphasis on carefully designed human interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Interventions and Their Impact on Brain Health and Disease)
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17 pages, 648 KiB  
Review
The Role of Choline in Neurodevelopmental Disorders—A Narrative Review Focusing on ASC, ADHD and Dyslexia
by Emma Derbyshire and Michael Maes
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 2876; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132876 - 25 Jun 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5450
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders appear to be rising in prevalence, according to the recent Global Burden of Disease Study. This rise is likely to be multi-factorial, but the role of certain nutrients known to facilitate neurodevelopment should be considered. One possible contributing factor could be [...] Read more.
Neurodevelopmental disorders appear to be rising in prevalence, according to the recent Global Burden of Disease Study. This rise is likely to be multi-factorial, but the role of certain nutrients known to facilitate neurodevelopment should be considered. One possible contributing factor could be attributed to deficits in choline intake, particularly during key stages of neurodevelopment, which includes the first 1000 days of life and childhood. Choline, a key micronutrient, is crucial for optimal neurodevelopment and brain functioning of offspring. The present narrative review discusses the main research, describing the effect of choline in neurodevelopmental disorders, to better understand its role in the etiology and management of these disorders. In terms of findings, low choline intakes and reduced or altered choline status have been reported in relevant population subgroups: pregnancy (in utero), children with autism spectrum disorders, people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and those with dyslexia. In conclusion, an optimal choline provision may offer some neuronal protection in early life and help to mitigate some cognitive effects in later life attributed to neurodevelopmental conditions. Research indicates that choline may act as a modifiable risk factor for certain neurodevelopmental conditions. Ongoing research is needed to unravel the mechanisms and explanations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Interventions and Their Impact on Brain Health and Disease)
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