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Nutrients
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Vitamin D in the Healthy Development and Disease of Children
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Vitamin D in the Healthy Development and Disease of Children

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 6030

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Keith Van Haren

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Interests: leukodystrophies; autoimmune diseases of the nervous system; neurology; child neurology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The role of macro- and micronutrients in modulating childhood health and disease is well known. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that is required for the healthy development and regulation of multiple biological systems.

A lack of vitamin D became known to science a century ago as the cause of rickets in the developing skeletal system. In recent decades, vitamin D has gained recognition for its role in extra-skeletal functions, most notably metabolism and immunity, including the immune response to COVID-19 infections. Despite these advances, much of the recent interest in the extra-skeletal functions of vitamin D has focused on its role in the health and disease of adults, often with underwhelming results. Meanwhile, its role in the health and development of extra-skeletal systems during childhood has remained comparatively understudied.

In this Special Issue, we will focus on vitamin D’s role in the health and disease of children. We welcome you to submit the results of original research or systematic reviews covering topics in this domain.

Dr. Keith Van Haren
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • micronutrients
  • vitamin D
  • pediatric patients
  • children
  • adolescents

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 644 KiB  
Article
Is 25OH Vitamin D Excess before 36 Weeks Corrected Age an Independent Risk Factor for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia or Death?
by Sophie Laborie, Maxime Bonjour, Justine Bacchetta, Mathilde Mauras and Marine Butin
Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4423; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204423 - 18 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1846
Abstract
Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in preterm infants is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but increased supplementation failed to demonstrate a beneficial effect on BPD. In neonatal animal models, deficiency and excessive vitamin D exposure have been associated with increased mortality and [...] Read more.
Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in preterm infants is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but increased supplementation failed to demonstrate a beneficial effect on BPD. In neonatal animal models, deficiency and excessive vitamin D exposure have been associated with increased mortality and histological alterations in the lung evocative of BPD. Our hypothesis is that 25(OH)D levels ≥ 120 nmol/L are also a risk factor for BPD or death. This retrospective single-center cohort study included only infants born at <31 weeks gestational age without major malformations with at least a determination of 25(OH)D at <36 weeks corrected age and no determination <50 nmol/L. Routine 25(OH)D determination was performed at 1 month and monthly thereafter. A total of 175 infants were included. Infants with BPD or who died had a significantly lower term and weight, but a similar frequency of 25(OH)D ≥120 nmol/L (50.5% vs. 43.9%, p = 0.53). The logistic regression identified weight (OR 0.997, 95% CI [0.995–0.998]) and term (OR 0.737, 95% CI [0.551–0.975]) as significantly associated with BPD or death; the occurrence of excessive 25(OH)D was not significantly associated (OR 1.029, 95% CI [0.503–2.093]). The present study did not demonstrate any significant association between excessive 25(OH)D after one month of age and BPD or death. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D in the Healthy Development and Disease of Children)
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14 pages, 676 KiB  
Article
Maternal Intake of Vitamin D Supplements during Pregnancy and Pubertal Timing in Children: A Population-Based Follow-Up Study
by Anne Gaml-Sørensen, Nis Brix, Lea Lykke Harrits Lunddorf, Andreas Ernst, Birgit Bjerre Høyer, Gunnar Toft, Tine Brink Henriksen and Cecilia Høst Ramlau-Hansen
Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 4039; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15184039 - 18 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1702
Abstract
Maternal vitamin D may be important for several organ systems in the offspring, including the reproductive system. In this population-based follow-up study of 12,991 Danish boys and girls born 2000–2003, we investigated if maternal intake of vitamin D supplements during pregnancy was associated [...] Read more.
Maternal vitamin D may be important for several organ systems in the offspring, including the reproductive system. In this population-based follow-up study of 12,991 Danish boys and girls born 2000–2003, we investigated if maternal intake of vitamin D supplements during pregnancy was associated with pubertal timing in boys and girls. Information on maternal intake of vitamin D supplements was obtained by self-report in mid-pregnancy. Self-reported information on the current status of various pubertal milestones was obtained every six months throughout puberty. Mean differences in months at attaining each pubertal milestone and an average estimate for the mean difference in attaining all pubertal milestones were estimated according to maternal intake of vitamin D supplements using multivariable interval-censored regression models. Lower maternal intake of vitamin D supplements was associated with later pubertal timing in boys. For the average estimate, boys had 0.5 months (95% CI 0.1; 0.9) later pubertal timing per 5 µg/day lower maternal vitamin D supplement intake. Maternal intake of vitamin D supplements was not associated with pubertal timing in girls. Spline plots and sensitivity analyses supported the findings. Whether the observed association with boys’ pubertal timing translates into an increased risk of disease in adulthood is unknown. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D in the Healthy Development and Disease of Children)
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Review

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13 pages, 4508 KiB  
Review
The Association between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Urinary Tract Infection Risk in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Yan Gan, Siyi You, Junjie Ying and Dezhi Mu
Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2690; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122690 - 9 Jun 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2158
Abstract
The association between serum vitamin D levels and urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is unclear. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationships between different vitamin D levels and the likelihood of UTI in children. Online databases, including Web [...] Read more.
The association between serum vitamin D levels and urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is unclear. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationships between different vitamin D levels and the likelihood of UTI in children. Online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, were searched up to 6 February 2023 for studies based on the inclusion criteria. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and Odds Ratios (ORs), along with their 95% confidence intervals (CI), were calculated, and the random-effects model was used for analysis. Twelve case–control studies and one cross-sectional study (839 children with UTI and 929 controls) were included. We found that children with UTI had lower levels of serum vitamin D than healthy controls (WMD: −7.730, 95% CI: −11.57, −3.89; p < 0.001). Low vitamin D levels were significantly associated with UTI in children (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.55, 5.05; p = 0.001). The likelihood of children having a UTI significantly increased when their serum vitamin D level was less than 20 ng/mL (OR: 5.49, 95% CI: 1.12, 27.04; p = 0.036). Therefore, vitamin D level, especially when less than 20 ng/mL, is a risk factor in UTI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D in the Healthy Development and Disease of Children)
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