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Food Intake and Addictive Eating

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 August 2024) | Viewed by 4403

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
Interests: body image and eating behavior psychopathology; obesity; psycho-cardiology; clinical health psychology; doctor–patient communication; effectiveness of psychotherapies; costs in clinical psychology and psychotherapy; motivational interventions for promoting healthy lifestyles; telemedicine and online therapy
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Section of Applied Psychology, Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
Interests: digital health; psychological personalized treatments; stress; anxiety
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pathological overeating is frequently linked to an increased incidence of obesity, one of the leading causes of death in the industrialized world. Susceptible individuals might become addicted to food by losing control over the ability to regulate its intake and, thus, develop an eating disturbance.

The addictive properties of palatable foods and the recognition of food-related disorders as addictive behavior are quite recent and controversial concepts. Different tools have been developed and many studies have been performed to assess, understand, and control the food addiction phenomenon. However, the mechanisms involved in this addictive-like behavior are not yet well established.

The focus of this Research Topic is to support a deeper understanding of the scientific and clinical aspects of food addiction. We welcome submissions of articles providing novel insights into food addiction or novel methods for assessing addictive-like behavior.

Since an inherent principle of publication is that others should be able to replicate and build upon the authors' published results, we encourage authors to describe their research procedure and results in as much detail as possible. Moreover, experiments showing negative results earn their place in this special topic.

Dr. Giada Pietrabissa
Dr. Alessandro Alberto Rossi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • food addiction
  • addictive behaviors
  • obesity
  • binge eating
  • eating disorders
  • questionnaire validation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 294 KiB  
Article
Validity of the Addiction-like Eating Behavior Scale among Patients with Compulsive Eating
by Camille Bourque, Maxime Legendre, Sylvain Iceta and Catherine Bégin
Nutrients 2024, 16(17), 2932; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172932 - 2 Sep 2024
Viewed by 973
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) and binge eating disorder (BED) co-occur and share compulsive eating symptoms. When using an FA measure, it is important to evaluate its performance in a population presenting compulsive eating. The study aims to validate the Addiction-like Eating Behavior Scale (AEBS) [...] Read more.
Food addiction (FA) and binge eating disorder (BED) co-occur and share compulsive eating symptoms. When using an FA measure, it is important to evaluate its performance in a population presenting compulsive eating. The study aims to validate the Addiction-like Eating Behavior Scale (AEBS) among a clinical sample characterized by compulsive eating and overweight/obesity and to evaluate its incremental validity over the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS). Patients seeking help for compulsive eating (n = 220), between January 2020 and July 2023, completed online questionnaires, including FA, compulsive eating, and BMI evaluations. The factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent, divergent, and incremental validity were tested. The sample had a mean age of 44.4 years old (SD = 12.7) and a mean BMI of 38.2 (SD = 8.0). The two-factor structure provided a good fit for the data, with factor loadings from 0.55 to 0.82 (except for item 15) and the internal consistency was high (ω = 0.84–0.89). The AEBS was positively correlated with the YFAS (r = 0.66), binge eating (r = 0.67), grazing (r = 0.47), craving (r = 0.74), and BMI (r = 0.26), and negatively correlated with dietary restraint (r = −0.37), supporting good convergent and divergent validity. For each measure of compulsive eating, linear regression showed that the AEBS “appetite drive” subscale had a unique contribution over the YFAS. This study provided evidence that the AEBS is a valid measure among a clinical sample of patients with compulsive eating and overweight/obesity. However, questions remain as to whether the AEBS is a measure of FA or compulsive eating. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Intake and Addictive Eating)
18 pages, 1776 KiB  
Article
The Association between Grazing and Food Addiction: The Italian Version of the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(Eat)-Q) and Its Relationships with Food Addiction Criteria
by Alessandro Alberto Rossi, Stefania Mannarini, Michelle Semonella, Gianluca Castelnuovo and Giada Pietrabissa
Nutrients 2024, 16(7), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16070949 - 26 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1280
Abstract
Background: Among the dysfunctional eating behaviors associated with excessive food intake, a construct that is gaining increasing attention is grazing—the constant, continuous, compulsive, and repetitive consumption of small/moderate amounts of food. Furthermore, in some cases, grazing seems to indicate a dependence on food [...] Read more.
Background: Among the dysfunctional eating behaviors associated with excessive food intake, a construct that is gaining increasing attention is grazing—the constant, continuous, compulsive, and repetitive consumption of small/moderate amounts of food. Furthermore, in some cases, grazing seems to indicate a dependence on food and/or eating. Currently, the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(Eat)-Q) appears to be the only questionnaire that comprehensively measures grazing, including its repetitive and compulsive eating component. Therefore, in a sample of individuals with severe obesity, the objective of this study was twofold: (A) to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Rep(Eat)-Q, and (B) to analyze the association between grazing and food addiction (FA). Method: A cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 402 inpatients with severe obesity (BMI > 35) were recruited. Participants underwent a series of questionnaires to investigate structural validity and convergent validity and association with FA criteria. Results: The factorial structure of the Rep(Eat)-Q is robust and showed fit indexes: CFI = 0.973; RMSEA = 0.074; 90%CI [0.056–0.091]; and SRMR = 0.029. Also, it exhibited good internal consistency and convergent validity. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis highlights a specific association between certain FA criteria and grazing. Conclusions: The Rep(Eat)-Q can be considered to be a concise, robust, reliable, and statistically sound tool to assess repetitive eating, specifically grazing. Its strong psychometric properties offer significant advantages for both research and clinical applications. Furthermore, in a sample of individuals with severe obesity, the results suggest that individuals with problematic grazing exhibit a typical behavioral profile of subjects with FA, indicating that FA can manifest through problematic grazing as well. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Intake and Addictive Eating)
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23 pages, 1859 KiB  
Article
Assessing Discriminant Validity through Structural Equation Modeling: The Case of Eating Compulsivity
by Anna Panzeri, Gianluca Castelnuovo and Andrea Spoto
Nutrients 2024, 16(4), 550; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040550 - 16 Feb 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1526
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) and disordered eating behaviors related to obesity are gaining attention in clinical and research fields. The modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS2.0) is the gold standard questionnaire to measure FA, while another tool is the Measure of Eating Compulsivity [...] Read more.
Food addiction (FA) and disordered eating behaviors related to obesity are gaining attention in clinical and research fields. The modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS2.0) is the gold standard questionnaire to measure FA, while another tool is the Measure of Eating Compulsivity 10 (MEC10). Discriminant validity is present when two measures of similar but distinct constructs show a correlation that is low enough for the factors to be regarded as distinct. However, the discriminant validity of these measures has never been tested. Through a cross-sectional study design, 717 inpatients (females: 56.20%, age: 53.681 ± 12.74) with severe obesity completed the MEC10, Binge Eating Scale (BES), and mYFAS2.0. A structural equation model (SEM) was fitted, freely estimating latent correlations with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The results confirmed the scales’ excellent psychometric properties. Importantly, latent factor correlations between MEC10 and mYFAS2.0 (est = 0.783, 95% CI [0.76, 0.80]) supported their discriminant validity. In contrast, the latent correlation of MEC10 and BES (est = 0.86, 95% CI [0.84, 0.87]) exceeded the recommended thresholds, indicating the absence of discriminant validity and suggesting a potential overlap, consistent with previous evidence. In conclusion, MEC10 demonstrates excellent psychometric properties but is more a measure of BED and not FA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Intake and Addictive Eating)
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