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Low-Glycemic-Load Diets: Impact on Health and Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbohydrates".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2024) | Viewed by 7480

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1.Endocrine Unit, Second Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
2.Third Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital for Chest Diseases, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: diabetes; metabolism; glycoxidation products; endocrine oncology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diet is an important factor involved in the pathogenesis of various modern diseases (obesity, diabetes mellitus, cancer, cardiovascular, renal, neuropsychological disease) and their complications. On the other hand, dietary intervention constitutes the first step in therapeutic intervention.

Glycemic load reflects the effect of dietary carbohydrates on postprandial glucose concentrations. High- and low-glycemic-load diets affect disease development and prognosis in a negative and positive way, respectively.

Awareness of how low-glycemic-load diets can affect human health is increasing, but more research is needed to understand their real effect on health and disease and whether they are a critical element in dietary planning for the management of various diseases.

Dr. Melpomeni Peppa
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Glycemic index
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • cardiovascular disease
  • neurological disease
  • aging, cancer
  • psychological disorders

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

12 pages, 268 KiB  
Review
Low-Glycemic Load Diets and Thyroid Function: A Narrative Review and Future Perspectives
by Ioanna Partsalaki, Georgios K. Markantes and Marina A. Michalaki
Nutrients 2024, 16(3), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030347 - 25 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4777
Abstract
Nutrition and calorie intake are associated with subtle changes of thyroid function tests in subjects with an intact Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid axis. Iodine deficiency and extreme fluctuations in calorie intake, such as those that occur during periods of starvation or overfeeding could lead to alterations [...] Read more.
Nutrition and calorie intake are associated with subtle changes of thyroid function tests in subjects with an intact Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid axis. Iodine deficiency and extreme fluctuations in calorie intake, such as those that occur during periods of starvation or overfeeding could lead to alterations in thyroid hormones. The dietary macronutrient and micronutrient composition could also influence the thyroid function. Recently, Low-Glycemic Load (LGL) diets have become very popular and are effective in the treatment and/or prevention of several medical conditions, including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and epilepsy. In this review, we report on the available data from the literature regarding the association between LGL diets and thyroid function or dysfunction. Several studies conducted in this field to date have yielded inconsistent results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Low-Glycemic-Load Diets: Impact on Health and Disease)
14 pages, 792 KiB  
Review
Dietary Approach of Patients with Hormone-Related Cancer Based on the Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Estimates
by Melpomeni Peppa, Aspasia Manta, Ioanna Mavroeidi, Constantinos Nastos, Emmanouil Pikoulis, Konstantinos Syrigos and Aristotelis Bamias
Nutrients 2023, 15(17), 3810; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173810 - 31 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2166
Abstract
Hormone-related cancers, namely breast, endometrial, cervical, prostate, testicular, and thyroid, constitute a specific group of cancers dependent on hormone levels that play an essential role in cancer growth. In addition to the traditional risk factors, diet seems to be an important environmental factor [...] Read more.
Hormone-related cancers, namely breast, endometrial, cervical, prostate, testicular, and thyroid, constitute a specific group of cancers dependent on hormone levels that play an essential role in cancer growth. In addition to the traditional risk factors, diet seems to be an important environmental factor that partially explains the steadily increased prevalence of this group of cancer. The composition of food, the dietary patterns, the endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and the way of food processing and preparation related to dietary advanced glycation end-product formation are all related to cancer. However, it remains unclear which specific dietary components mediate this relationship. Carbohydrates seem to be a risk factor for cancer in general and hormone-related cancers, in particular, with a difference between simple and complex carbohydrates. Glycemic index and glycemic load estimates reflect the effect of dietary carbohydrates on postprandial glucose concentrations. Several studies have investigated the relationship between the dietary glycemic index and glycemic load estimates with the natural course of cancer and, more specifically, hormone-related cancers. High glycemic index and glycemic load diets are associated with cancer development and worse prognosis, partially explained by the adverse effects on insulin metabolism, causing hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, and also by inflammation and oxidative stress induction. Herein, we review the existing data on the effect of diets focusing on the glycemic index and glycemic load estimates on hormone-related cancers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Low-Glycemic-Load Diets: Impact on Health and Disease)
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