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Maternal Diet, Infant Nutrition, and Short- and Long-Term Health and...
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Maternal Diet, Infant Nutrition, and Short- and Long-Term Health and Development

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 14541

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jianmeng Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Interests: reproductive; child health; perinatal epidemiology; maternal healthcare
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yubo Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Interests: reproductive and child health; pregnancy nutrition; perinatal factor; maternal and child health; pediatric nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Maternal diet and infant nutrition are crucial to the short- and long-term health of the offspring, including physical, motor, cognitive, and socio-emotional development. Maternal diets have compelling impacts on the development of both fetus and infants who are being fed with breast milk. Infant nutrition, depending on breast milk and complementary foods, also plays a role significant enough to warrant the optimal development. Our current understanding of maternal diet, infant nutrition, and short- and long-term health and development is far from sufficient and remains a challenge for scientists.

This Special Issue on “Maternal Diet, Infant Nutrition, and Short- and Long-term Health and Development” is now inviting submissions of manuscripts, either original research or reviews with an emphasis on maternal diet, infant nutrition, and offspring health and development. Biological mechanisms underlying the relationships will be considered as well. Studies on both humans and animals are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Jianmeng Liu
Dr. Yubo Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • maternal diet
  • infant nutrition
  • health
  • development
  • breastfeeding
  • human milk
  • epidemiology
  • mechanism

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 724 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China
by Ying Meng, Yubo Zhou, Hongtian Li, Yipu Chen, Grathwohl Dominik, Jie Dong, Youchi Tang, Jose M. Saavedra and Jianmeng Liu
Nutrients 2023, 15(6), 1313; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061313 - 7 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4359
Abstract
Background: Emerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-casein on GI [...] Read more.
Background: Emerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-casein on GI tolerance in toddlers. Methods: A total of 387 toddlers aged 12–36 months were recruited in Beijing, China, and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to consume one of two commercially available A2 GUMs (combined in the analysis as A2 GUM) or continue their current feeding regimen of conventional milk for 14 days. The primary outcome was the total Gut Comfort Score (GCS) (range: 10–60; higher values indicate greater GI distress) derived from a 10-item (score range: 1–6 per item) parent-reported questionnaire, reflecting GI tolerance. Results: The GCS (mean ± SD) was comparable between the A2 GUM and conventional milk groups on day 7 (14.7 ± 5.0 vs. 15.0 ± 6.1, p = 0.54) and day 14 (14.0 ± 4.5 vs. 14.3 ± 5.5, p = 0.51). Parents reported less constipation in those consuming A2 GUM vs. conventional milk on day 14 (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 1.4 ± 0.9, p = 0.020). Among 124 participants with minor GI distress at baseline (GCS ≥ 17, top tertile range 17–35), GCS was significantly lower in those consuming A2 GUM on day 7 (18.2 ± 5.1 vs. 21.2 ± 6.8, p = 0.004) and day 14 (17.1 ± 5.3 vs. 19.6 ± 6.3, p = 0.026), as were individual GI symptoms (all p < 0.05). In the toddlers without GI issues at baseline (GCS < 17), a low GCS was maintained throughout the study period after switching to A2 GUM (mean values range 10–13). Conclusions: Growing-up milk containing only A2 β-casein were well-tolerated and associated with lower parent-reported constipation scores after two weeks when compared to conventional milks. In healthy toddlers with minor GI distress, A2 GUM improved overall digestive comfort and GI-related symptoms within one week. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal Diet, Infant Nutrition, and Short- and Long-Term Health and Development)
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20 pages, 685 KiB  
Article
Effects of a Novel Infant Formula on Weight Gain, Body Composition, Safety and Tolerability to Infants: The INNOVA 2020 Study
by Julio Plaza-Diaz, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Javier Morales, Ana Isabel Cristina de la Torre, Antonio García-García, Carlos Nuñez de Prado, Cristóbal Coronel-Rodríguez, Cyntia Crespo, Eduardo Ortega, Esther Martín-Pérez, Fernando Ferreira, Gema García-Ron, Ignacio Galicia, María Teresa Santos-García-Cuéllar, Marcos Maroto, Paola Ruiz, Raquel Martín-Molina, Susana Viver-Gómez and Angel Gil
Nutrients 2023, 15(1), 147; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010147 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5219
Abstract
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life to promote adequate infant growth and development, and to reduce infant morbidity and mortality. However, whenever some mothers are not able to breastfeed their infants, infant formulas mimicking human milk are needed, [...] Read more.
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life to promote adequate infant growth and development, and to reduce infant morbidity and mortality. However, whenever some mothers are not able to breastfeed their infants, infant formulas mimicking human milk are needed, and the safety and efficacy of each formula should be tested. Here, we report the results of a multicenter, randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial that aimed to evaluate a novel starting formula on weight gain and body composition of infants up to 6 and 12 months, as well as safety and tolerability. For the intervention period, infants were divided into three groups: group 1 received formula 1 (Nutribén® Innova 1 (Alter Farmacia S.A., Madrid, Spain) or INN (n = 70)), with a lower amount of protein, a lower casein to whey protein ratio by increasing the content of α-lactalbumin, and a double amount of docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid than the standard formula; it also contained a thermally inactivated postbiotic (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, BPL1TM HT). Group 2 received the standard formula or formula 2 (Nutriben® Natal (Alter Farmacia S.A., Madrid, Spain) or STD (n = 70)) and the third group was exclusively breastfed for exploratory analysis and used as a reference (BFD group (n = 70)). During the study, visits were made at 21 days and 2, 4, 6, and 12 months of age. Weight gain was higher in both formula groups than in the BFD group at 6 and 12 months, whereas no differences were found between STD and INN groups either at 6 or at 12 months. Likewise, body mass index was higher in infants fed the two formulas compared with the BFD group. Regarding body composition, length, head circumference and tricipital/subscapular skinfolds were alike between groups. The INN formula was considered safe as weight gain and body composition were within the normal limits, according to WHO standards. The BFD group exhibited more liquid consistency in the stools compared to both formula groups. All groups showed similar digestive tolerance and infant behavior. However, a higher frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms was reported by the STD formula group (n = 291), followed by the INN formula (n = 282), and the BFD groups (n = 227). There were fewer respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders among BFD children. Additionally, infants receiving the INN formula experienced significantly fewer general disorders and disturbances than those receiving the STD formula. Indeed, atopic dermatitis, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis were significantly more prevalent among infants who were fed the STD formula compared to those fed the INN formula or breastfed. To evaluate whether there were significant differences between formula treatments, beyond growth parameters, it would seem necessary to examine more precise health biomarkers and to carry out long-term longitudinal studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal Diet, Infant Nutrition, and Short- and Long-Term Health and Development)
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14 pages, 2223 KiB  
Article
Associations of Human Milk Oligosaccharides with Infant Brain Tissue Organization and Regional Blood Flow at 1 Month of Age
by Paige K. Berger, Ravi Bansal, Siddhant Sawardekar, Chloe Yonemitsu, Annalee Furst, Hailey E. Hampson, Kelsey A. Schmidt, Tanya L. Alderete, Lars Bode, Michael I. Goran and Bradley S. Peterson
Nutrients 2022, 14(18), 3820; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183820 - 16 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4045
Abstract
Animal studies have shown that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are important in early brain development, yet their roles have not been assessed in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of HMOs with MRI indices of tissue microstructure and [...] Read more.
Animal studies have shown that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are important in early brain development, yet their roles have not been assessed in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of HMOs with MRI indices of tissue microstructure and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in infants. Mother–infant pairs (N = 20) were recruited at 1 month postpartum. Milk was assayed for the concentrations of the HMOs 2′-fucosyllactose (2′FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3FL), 3′-sialyllactose (3′SL), and 6′-sialyllactose (6′SL). Diffusion and arterial spin labeling measures were acquired using a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the voxel-wise associations of HMOs with fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and rCBF values across the brain. After adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI, sex, birthweight, and postmenstrual age at time of scan, a higher 2′FL concentration was associated with reduced FA, increased MD, and reduced rCBF in similar locations within the cortical mantle. Higher 3FL and 3′SL concentrations were associated with increased FA, reduced MD, and increased rCBF in similar regions within the developing white matter. The concentration of 6′SL was not associated with MRI indices. Our data reveal that fucosylated and sialylated HMOs differentially associate with indices of tissue microstructure and rCBF, suggesting specific roles for 2′FL, 3FL, and 3′SL in early brain maturation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal Diet, Infant Nutrition, and Short- and Long-Term Health and Development)
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