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Nutrients
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Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Considerations for Tactical Populations
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Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Considerations for Tactical Populations

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 November 2024 | Viewed by 5176

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Matthew T. Stratton

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Kinesiology and Sport, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
Interests: nutritional supplements; body composition; dietary interventions; intermittent fasting; athletic performance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Military personnel, along with firefighters and law enforcement, are often referred to as “Tactical Populations” or “Tactical Athletes”. Due to the nature of their work, tactical populations are often put under unique stressors not experienced in other athletic settings. For instance, military personnel often are required to move under, over, and around objects in combat gear, while engaging enemy targets, or may be out in the field for multiple days, with few rations available. Law enforcement and firefighters are frequently required to respond to an event that requires high levels of physical activity and mental acuity at a moment’s notice. Failure to perform in these intense situations may result in injury, or even death. Due to the unique mental and physical demands of tactical populations, there is significant interest in how best to utilize novel nutritional strategies and supplements to support or improve situational performance and recovery.

For this Special Issue regarding “Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Considerations For Tactical Populations”, I invite authors to submit their original investigations or review articles for consideration.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Matthew T. Stratton
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tactical athletes
  • nutritional supplements
  • tactical populations
  • military
  • police
  • firefighter
  • law enforcement
  • first responder
  • ergogenic aids
  • tactical nutrition

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 408 KiB  
Article
Energy Deficit and Factors Associated with Energy Balance during a Combat Deployment in U.S. Army Special Operation Forces Soldiers
by Evan G. Tryon, Nicholas D. Barringer, Harris R. Lieberman and William R. Conkright
Nutrients 2024, 16(18), 3072; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183072 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 909
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between estimated energy expenditure (EE) and self-reported dietary intake (EI), and factors associated with energy balance in deployed U.S. Army Special Operations Forces (SOF) Soldiers. Methods: Forty-six SOF Soldiers (age: 30.1 ± 3.5 [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between estimated energy expenditure (EE) and self-reported dietary intake (EI), and factors associated with energy balance in deployed U.S. Army Special Operations Forces (SOF) Soldiers. Methods: Forty-six SOF Soldiers (age: 30.1 ± 3.5 yrs, body mass index: 27.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2) completed surveys on demographic data, mission activity characteristics, gastrointestinal issues, ration consumption, resilience, mood state, and dietary intake using a 127-question food frequency questionnaire at the end of a six-month deployment. EE was estimated using a SOF-specific prediction equation with a physical activity factor of 2.1. A paired t-test compared reported energy intake (EI) with estimated energy expenditure (EE). Pearson correlations identified significant variables associated with energy balance, which were then incorporated into a multiple linear regression model. The regression analysis included Profile of Mood States (POMS) anger and POMS depression as predictor variables to determine their influence on energy balance. Results: Reported mean EI was 2512 ± 1059 kcal·d−1, while estimated mean EE was 5272 ± 525 kcal·d−1. The mean energy imbalance was −2854 kcal/d (95% CI: −2655 to −3055, p < 0.001), with all participants in negative energy balance (range: −492 to −3813 kcal/d). POMS depression (r = 0.517, p < 0.01) and POMS anger (r = 0.363, p = 0.020) were associated with energy balance. The regression model was significant (R2 = 0.23, F (2, 38) = 7.02, p < 0.01), with POMS depression significantly predicting energy balance (β = 50.76, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Deployed SOF Soldiers reported high EE and limited EI, which may negatively impact performance. Higher POMS depression scores were associated with lower energy deficits. Future studies should investigate the relationship between mood and energy balance, using direct measures of EI and EE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Considerations for Tactical Populations)
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Review

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26 pages, 1906 KiB  
Review
Fueling the Firefighter and Tactical Athlete with Creatine: A Narrative Review of a Key Nutrient for Public Safety
by Drew E. Gonzalez, Scott C. Forbes, Annette Zapp, Andrew Jagim, Joel Luedke, Broderick L. Dickerson, Alexandria Root, Adriana Gil, Sarah E. Johnson, Macilynn Coles, Allison Brager, Ryan J. Sowinski, Darren G. Candow and Richard B. Kreider
Nutrients 2024, 16(19), 3285; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193285 - 28 Sep 2024
Viewed by 3900
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Firefighters, tactical police officers, and warriors often engage in periodic, intermittent, high-intensity physical work in austere environmental conditions and have a heightened risk of premature mortality. In addition, tough decision-making challenges, routine sleep deprivation, and trauma exacerbate this risk. Therefore, identifying strategies [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Firefighters, tactical police officers, and warriors often engage in periodic, intermittent, high-intensity physical work in austere environmental conditions and have a heightened risk of premature mortality. In addition, tough decision-making challenges, routine sleep deprivation, and trauma exacerbate this risk. Therefore, identifying strategies to bolster these personnel’s health and occupational performance is critical. Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation may offer several benefits to firefighters and tactical athletes (e.g., police, security, and soldiers) due to its efficacy regarding physical performance, muscle, cardiovascular health, mental health, and cognitive performance. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of the literature with a focus on the benefits and application of creatine monohydrate among firefighters. Results: Recent evidence demonstrates that CrM can improve anaerobic exercise capacity and muscular fitness performance outcomes and aid in thermoregulation, decision-making, sleep, recovery from traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), and mental health. Emerging evidence also suggests that CrM may confer an antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effect, which may be particularly important for firefighters and those performing tactical occupations exposed to oxidative and physiological stress, which can elicit systemic inflammation and increase the risk of chronic diseases. Conclusions: This narrative review highlights the potential applications of CrM for related tactical occupations, with a particular focus on firefighters, and calls for further research into these populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Considerations for Tactical Populations)
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