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Gastrointestinal Peptides and Human Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 4178

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Exercise Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
Interests: gastrointestinal peptides; metabolic dysfunctions; obesity; insulin resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It has been a long time since the discovery of secretin by Bayliss and Starling in 1902. Over the 1970s and 1980s, a host of other gastrointestinal (GI) peptides were isolated and tested for different biological functions using pioneer methods and models. Today, GI hormones are reported to exert key neuroendocrine effects, while some of their derivatives have even become precious pharmacological tools for clinicians. Although impressive advances have been achieved to clarify the physiology and the biological outcomes of GI peptides over the years, many aspects of their activities remain to be determined and validated. For instance, new insights underline the critical role of GI peptides in the communication between the gut and the body system. Hence, the gut microbiota was recently shown to modulate the secretion of distinct GI peptides, while, in turn, some of these hormones influence gut functions and potentially the microbial flora through direct or indirect mechanisms. The present Special Issue will provide insights regarding key aspects of GI peptides, such as: (1) the regulation of their secretion, (2) appetite and hedonism, (3) metabolic functions, (4) gut functions, (5) musculo-skeletal growth and functions, (6) stress, (7) neuro-cognitive functions and (8) inflammation. Hence, a perspective regarding future undescribed roles and clinical applications of GI peptides will also be provided.  

Prof. Dr. David St-Pierre
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • gastrointestinal peptides
  • gut functions
  • metabolic functions
  • inflammation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 2031 KiB  
Article
No Evidence That Circulating GLP-1 or PYY Are Associated with Increased Satiety during Low Energy Diet-Induced Weight Loss: Modelling Biomarkers of Appetite
by Jia Jiet Lim, Yutong Liu, Louise W. Lu, Ivana R. Sequeira and Sally D. Poppitt
Nutrients 2023, 15(10), 2399; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15102399 - 20 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3765
Abstract
Bariatric surgery and pharmacology treatments increase circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), in turn promoting satiety and body weight (BW) loss. However, the utility of GLP-1 and PYY in predicting appetite response during dietary interventions remains unsubstantiated. This study investigated whether [...] Read more.
Bariatric surgery and pharmacology treatments increase circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), in turn promoting satiety and body weight (BW) loss. However, the utility of GLP-1 and PYY in predicting appetite response during dietary interventions remains unsubstantiated. This study investigated whether the decrease in hunger observed following low energy diet (LED)-induced weight loss was associated with increased circulating ‘satiety peptides’, and/or associated changes in glucose, glucoregulatory peptides or amino acids (AAs). In total, 121 women with obesity underwent an 8-week LED intervention, of which 32 completed an appetite assessment via a preload challenge at both Week 0 and Week 8, and are reported here. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were administered to assess appetite-related responses, and blood samples were collected over 210 min post-preload. The area under the curve (AUC0-210), incremental AUC (iAUC0-210), and change from Week 0 to Week 8 (∆) were calculated. Multiple linear regression was used to test the association between VAS–appetite responses and blood biomarkers. Mean (±SEM) BW loss was 8.4 ± 0.5 kg (−8%). Unexpectedly, the decrease in ∆AUC0-210 hunger was best associated with decreased ∆AUC0-210 GLP-1, GIP, and valine (p < 0.05, all), and increased ∆AUC0-210 glycine and proline (p < 0.05, both). The majority of associations remained significant after adjusting for BW and fat-free mass loss. There was no evidence that changes in circulating GLP-1 or PYY were predictive of changes in appetite-related responses. The modelling suggested that other putative blood biomarkers of appetite, such as AAs, should be further investigated in future larger longitudinal dietary studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gastrointestinal Peptides and Human Health)
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