nutrients-logo

Journal Browser

Journal Browser

Autism and Nutrition Proposal

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2018) | Viewed by 48670

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, United States
Interests: pediatric feeding disorders

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increased evidence suggests children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for feeding and related dietary concerns compared to children without ASD. Food selectivity—characterized by eating a limited repertoire of food—is the most frequently documented feeding problem in ASD. Common dietary patterns in children with ASD often include strong preference for processed foods, snacks and starches coinciding with more frequent rejection of fruits and vegetables. Food selectivity in ASD is associated with a number of detrimental outcomes—including poor nutrient intake, increased parental stress, and problematic mealtime behaviors. Children with ASD and food selectivity frequently display disruptive behavior—including crying, throwing objects, and aggression—when presented with novel or non-preferred feeding demands. Not surprising, parents of affected children often identify mealtime as a source of strain on the family, describing meals as stressful, chaotic, and energy depleting. Food selectivity may also lead to nutritional deficiency syndromes not frequently encounters in the general pediatric population, including cases involving scurvy, rickets, and vision loss in extreme cases. Much remains unknown, however, regarding the cause, consequence, and remediation of feeding difficulties in ASD. This includes important questions regarding the relative contribution of enhanced risk for gastrointestinal pathology (e.g., immune abnormalities, mucosal barrier dysfunction, and/or disruptions in the gut microbiome) in this population. Children with ASD also experience elevated risk of obesity compared with children without ASD; however, the role of diet and food selectivity to overweight and obesity in ASD is not well understood. Together, there is a clear need for research to address critical questions about the likely inter-relationship between feeding problems, GI symptoms, and/or nutritional concerns in ASD.

The objective of this Special Issue on “Autism and Nutrition” is to showcase state-of-the-art research focusing on feeding, dietary, nutritional status, and GI functioning in children with ASD. Topics of interest include the areas of assessment, characterization, prevention, and intervention. Selected papers may also include investigations of potential biological underpinnings (e.g., the gut microbiome), as well as associated complications (e.g., obesity). The Special Issue is intended to provide a contemporary summary of current knowledge while providing guidance for future research in the field.

Dr. William G. Sharp
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • Diet
  • Food Selectivity
  • Micronutrients
  • Mealtime Difficulties
  • Nutrient Deficiency
  • Obesity

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

16 pages, 2213 KiB  
Article
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with and without Mental Regression Is Associated with Changes in the Fecal Microbiota
by Julio Plaza-Díaz, Antonio Gómez-Fernández, Natalia Chueca, María José de la Torre-Aguilar, Ángel Gil, Juan Luis Perez-Navero, Katherine Flores-Rojas, Pilar Martín-Borreguero, Patricio Solis-Urra, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Federico Garcia and Mercedes Gil-Campos
Nutrients 2019, 11(2), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020337 - 5 Feb 2019
Cited by 74 | Viewed by 9508
Abstract
New microbiome sequencing technologies provide novel information about the potential interactions among intestinal microorganisms and the host in some neuropathologies as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The microbiota–gut–brain axis is an emerging aspect in the generation of autistic behaviors; evidence from animal models suggests [...] Read more.
New microbiome sequencing technologies provide novel information about the potential interactions among intestinal microorganisms and the host in some neuropathologies as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The microbiota–gut–brain axis is an emerging aspect in the generation of autistic behaviors; evidence from animal models suggests that intestinal microbial shifts may produce changes fitting the clinical picture of autism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the fecal metagenomic profiles in children with ASD and compare them with healthy participants. This comparison allows us to ascertain how mental regression (an important variable in ASD) could influence the intestinal microbiota profile. For this reason, a subclassification in children with ASD by mental regression (AMR) and no mental regression (ANMR) phenotype was performed. The present report was a descriptive observational study. Forty-eight children aged 2–6 years with ASD were included: 30 with ANMR and 18 with AMR. In addition, a control group of 57 normally developing children was selected and matched to the ASD group by sex and age. Fecal samples were analyzed with a metagenomic approach using a next-generation sequencing platform. Several differences between children with ASD, compared with the healthy group, were detected. Namely, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria at phylum level, as well as, Actinobacteria, Bacilli, Erysipelotrichi, and Gammaproteobacteria at class level were found at higher proportions in children with ASD. Additionally, Proteobacteria levels showed to be augmented exclusively in AMR children. Preliminary results, using a principal component analysis, showed differential patterns in children with ASD, ANMR and AMR, compared to healthy group, both for intestinal microbiota and food patterns. In this study, we report, higher levels of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacilli, aside from Erysipelotrichi, and Gammaproteobacteria in children with ASD compared to healthy group. Furthermore, AMR children exhibited higher levels of Proteobacteria. Further analysis using these preliminary results and mixing metagenomic and other “omic” technologies are needed in larger cohorts of children with ASD to confirm these intestinal microbiota changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Autism and Nutrition Proposal)
Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 244 KiB  
Article
Early History, Mealtime Environment, and Parental Views on Mealtime and Eating Behaviors among Children with ASD in Florida
by Heewon L. Gray, Sweta Sinha, Acadia W. Buro, Chantell Robinson, Karen Berkman, Heather Agazzi and Emily Shaffer-Hudkins
Nutrients 2018, 10(12), 1867; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121867 - 2 Dec 2018
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 6009
Abstract
This study was a cross-sectional study to examine problematic mealtime behaviors among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Florida. Forty-one parents completed a 48-item survey. The mean age of their children was 8.1 years and 73% were male. The data were divided [...] Read more.
This study was a cross-sectional study to examine problematic mealtime behaviors among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Florida. Forty-one parents completed a 48-item survey. The mean age of their children was 8.1 years and 73% were male. The data were divided and compared by age group: Ages 2–6, 7–11, and 12–17. Data from the 3- to 6-year-old children were extracted and compared with the references from Provost et al. (2010). There were age differences in eating difficulties at home (p = 0.013), fast food restaurants (p = 0.005), and at regular restaurants (p = 0.016). The total mealtime behavior score was significantly higher in early childhood (p < 0.001) and mid-childhood (p = 0.005) than adolescents. More parents of ages 3–6 with ASD reported difficulties with breastfeeding (p < 0.01); concerns about eating (p < 0.001); difficulties related to mealtime locations (p < 0.05), craving certain food (p < 0.05), and being picky eaters (p < 0.01) compared to typically developing children. The total mealtime behavior score was significantly higher in children with ASD than typically developing children (p < 0.001). The results indicate that early childhood interventions are warranted and further research in adolescents is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Autism and Nutrition Proposal)

Review

Jump to: Research

24 pages, 331 KiB  
Review
Autism Spectrum Disorders and the Gut Microbiota
by Antonella Fattorusso, Lorenza Di Genova, Giovanni Battista Dell’Isola, Elisabetta Mencaroni and Susanna Esposito
Nutrients 2019, 11(3), 521; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030521 - 28 Feb 2019
Cited by 271 | Viewed by 32110
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an emerging interest in the possible role of the gut microbiota as a co-factor in the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), as many studies have highlighted the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain (the so-called [...] Read more.
In recent years, there has been an emerging interest in the possible role of the gut microbiota as a co-factor in the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), as many studies have highlighted the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain (the so-called “gut-brain axis”). Accumulating evidence has shown a link between alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota and both gastrointestinal and neurobehavioural symptoms in children with ASD. The aim of this narrative review was to analyse the current knowledge about dysbiosis and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in ASD and assess the current evidence for the role of probiotics and other non-pharmacological approaches in the treatment of children with ASD. Analysis of the literature showed that gut dysbiosis in ASD has been widely demonstrated; however, there is no single distinctive profile of the composition of the microbiota in people with ASD. Gut dysbiosis could contribute to the low-grade systemic inflammatory state reported in patients with GI comorbidities. The administration of probiotics (mostly a mixture of Bifidobacteria, Streptococci and Lactobacilli) is the most promising treatment for neurobehavioural symptoms and bowel dysfunction, but clinical trials are still limited and heterogeneous. Well-designed, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are required to validate the effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment of ASD and to identify the appropriate strains, dose, and timing of treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Autism and Nutrition Proposal)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Back to TopTop