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Pharmaceutics
Special Issues
Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems
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Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Pharmacy and Formulation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 9985

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Renata Adami

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Physics “E. R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
2. NanoMates Center, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
Interests: chemical engineering; chemical processes; nanotechnology; nano- and micro-particles; microspheres; microcapsules; controlled release; extraction and fractionation; supercritical fluids; pharmaceutical; nutraceuticals; natural science; biomedical; chromatography; spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; laser technology
Prof. Dr. Teresa Casimiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829–516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: supercritical fluid technology; synthesis and processing of polymers; green chemistry; molecularly imprinted polymers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Clarinda Costa

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Guest Editor
SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Interests: nano(bio)pharmaceuticals; supercritical carbon dioxide-based techniques; nanocrystallization; nano and microparticles; microfluidics; oral and pulmonary drug administration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) from the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by the UN Member States in 2015, express a plan of action for people, planet, and prosperity. Several of these goals highlight the promotion of well-being for all, reducing inequality within and among countries, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and fostering innovation. Dry powder formulations offer controlled drug release, reduced local and systemic toxicities, patient compliance, and storage stability by avoiding cold distribution and supply chains (known as one of the biggest challenges related to the current mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2019 vaccines), with increasing industrial implementation. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to highlight the most recent advances in novel dry powder formulations, delivery platforms, and controlled release systems of small molecule drugs, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals. This Special Issue will also address green, continuous, and combined processes for particle engineering, from fundamental to application-based studies, and the challenges faced in industrial implementation. Given the relevance behind the research in this field, it is my pleasure to invite you to submit, in this Special Issue, your original research articles, reviews and together contribute to a sustainable and inclusive world.

Prof. Dr. Renata Adami
Prof. Dr. Teresa Casimiro
Dr. Clarinda Costa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceutics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dry powder formulations
  • delivery platforms and controlled release systems
  • green chemistry and engineering
  • small molecule drugs, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals
  • micro and nanoparticles
  • continuous manufacturing
  • particle engineering
  • industrial implementation

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4472 KiB  
Article
Inhaled Ivermectin-Loaded Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles: Development and Characterization
by Seyedeh Negin Kassaee, Godwin A. Ayoko, Derek Richard, Tony Wang and Nazrul Islam
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(8), 1061; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16081061 - 12 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1173
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM), a drug originally used for treating parasitic infections, is being explored for its potential applications in cancer therapy. Despite the promising anti-cancer effects of IVM, its low water solubility limits its bioavailability and, consequently, its biological efficacy as an oral formulation. [...] Read more.
Ivermectin (IVM), a drug originally used for treating parasitic infections, is being explored for its potential applications in cancer therapy. Despite the promising anti-cancer effects of IVM, its low water solubility limits its bioavailability and, consequently, its biological efficacy as an oral formulation. To overcome this challenge, our research focused on developing IVM-loaded lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) designed for potential pulmonary administration. IVM-loaded LPHNPs were developed using the emulsion solvent evaporation method and characterized in terms of particle size, morphology, entrapment efficiency, and release pattern. Solid phase characterization was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Using a Twin stage impinger (TSI) attached to a device, aerosolization properties of the developed LPHNPs were studied at a flow rate of 60 L/min, and IVM was determined by a validated HPLC method. IVM-loaded LPHNPs demonstrated spherical-shaped particles between 302 and 350 nm. Developed formulations showed an entrapment efficiency between 68 and 80% and a sustained 50 to 60% IVM release pattern within 96 h. Carr’s index (CI), Hausner ratio (HR), and angle of repose (θ) indicated proper flowability of the fabricated LPHNPs. The in vitro aerosolization analysis revealed fine particle fractions (FPFs) ranging from 18.53% to 24.77%. This in vitro study demonstrates the potential of IVM-loaded LPHNPs as a delivery vehicle through the pulmonary route. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems)
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19 pages, 6384 KiB  
Article
Influence of Mechanical Loading on the Process of Tribochemical Action on Physicochemical and Biopharmaceutical Properties of Substances, Using Lacosamide as an Example: From Micronisation to Mechanical Activation
by Elena V. Uspenskaya, Ekaterina Kuzmina, Hoang Thi Ngoc Quynh, Maria A. Komkova, Ilaha V. Kazimova and Aleksey A. Timofeev
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(6), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16060798 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 894
Abstract
Many physical and chemical properties of solids, such as strength, plasticity, dispersibility, solubility and dissolution are determined by defects in the crystal structure. The aim of this work is to study in situ dynamic, dispersion, chemical, biological and surface properties of lacosamide powder [...] Read more.
Many physical and chemical properties of solids, such as strength, plasticity, dispersibility, solubility and dissolution are determined by defects in the crystal structure. The aim of this work is to study in situ dynamic, dispersion, chemical, biological and surface properties of lacosamide powder after a complete cycle of mechanical loading by laser scattering, electron microscopy, FR-IR and biopharmaceutical approaches. The SLS method demonstrated the spontaneous tendency toward surface-energy reduction due to aggregation during micronisation. DLS analysis showed conformational changes of colloidal particles as supramolecular complexes depending on the loading time on the solid. SEM analysis demonstrated the conglomeration of needle-like lacosamide particles after 60 min of milling time and the transition to a glassy state with isotropy of properties by the end of the tribochemistry cycle. The following dynamic properties of lacosamide were established: elastic and plastic deformation boundaries, region of inhomogeneous deformation and fracture point. The ratio of dissolution-rate constants in water of samples before and after a full cycle of loading was 2.4. The lacosamide sample, which underwent a full cycle of mechanical loading, showed improved kinetics of API release via analysis of dissolution profiles in 0.1 M HCl medium. The observed activation-energy values of the cell-death biosensor process in aqueous solutions of the lacosamide samples before and after the complete tribochemical cycle were 207 kJmol−1 and 145 kJmol−1, respectively. The equilibrium time of dissolution and activation of cell-biosensor death corresponding to 20 min of mechanical loading on a solid was determined. The current study may have important practical significance for the transformation and management of the properties of drug substances in solid form and in solutions and for increasing the strength of drug matrices by pre-strain hardening via structural rearrangements during mechanical loading. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems)
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23 pages, 7926 KiB  
Article
The Processing Space of the Spray-Dried Mannitol-Leucine System for Pulmonary Drug Delivery
by Riley T. Schweizer, Mani Ordoubadi, Cody A. Prather, Reinhard Vehring and Kimberly B. Shepard
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(3), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16030398 - 14 Mar 2024
Viewed by 2130
Abstract
Designing spray-dried particles for inhalation aims at specific physicochemical properties including a respirable aerodynamic diameter and adequate powder dispersibility. Leucine, an amphiphilic amino acid, has been shown to aid in optimizing bulk powder properties. Mannitol, a model crystalline active and common bulking agent, [...] Read more.
Designing spray-dried particles for inhalation aims at specific physicochemical properties including a respirable aerodynamic diameter and adequate powder dispersibility. Leucine, an amphiphilic amino acid, has been shown to aid in optimizing bulk powder properties. Mannitol, a model crystalline active and common bulking agent, was co-sprayed with leucine at several excipient ratios, ethanol/water ratios, and spray dryer outlet temperatures in order to experimentally probe the underlying particle formation mechanisms in this binary crystalline system. During the droplet drying of two crystallizing components, the material that nucleates first will preferentially enrich the surface. It is desired to have a completely crystalline leucine shell to improve powder properties, however, mannitol competes with leucine for the surface depending on excipient concentration and manufacturing parameters. The resulting particles were studied initially and at a two-month timepoint via solid state characterization, visual analysis, and particle size analysis in order to detect changes in bulk powder properties. It was determined that, similar to systems where only leucine can crystallize, initial leucine saturation in the formulation dictates powder characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems)
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Review

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18 pages, 2158 KiB  
Review
Spray-Dried Nanolipid Powders for Pulmonary Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Mini Review
by Mahmoud H. Abu Elella, Arwa Omar Al Khatib and Hisham Al-Obaidi
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(5), 680; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16050680 - 17 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1247
Abstract
Lung diseases have received great attention in the past years because they contribute approximately one-third of the total global mortality. Pulmonary drug delivery is regarded as one of the most appealing routes to treat lung diseases. It addresses numerous drawbacks linked to traditional [...] Read more.
Lung diseases have received great attention in the past years because they contribute approximately one-third of the total global mortality. Pulmonary drug delivery is regarded as one of the most appealing routes to treat lung diseases. It addresses numerous drawbacks linked to traditional dosage forms. It presents notable features, such as, for example, a non-invasive route, localized lung drug delivery, low enzymatic activity, low drug degradation, higher patient compliance, and avoiding first-pass metabolism. Therefore, the pulmonary route is commonly explored for delivering drugs both locally and systemically. Inhalable nanocarrier powders, especially, lipid nanoparticle formulations, including solid-lipid and nanostructured-lipid nanocarriers, are attracting considerable interest in addressing respiratory diseases thanks to their significant advantages, including deep lung deposition, biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesion, and controlled drug released. Spray drying is a scalable, fast, and commercially viable technique to produce nanolipid powders. This review highlights the ideal criteria for inhalable spray-dried SLN and NLC powders for the pulmonary administration route. Additionally, the most promising inhalation devices, known as dry powder inhalers (DPIs) for the pulmonary delivery of nanolipid powder-based medications, and pulmonary applications of SLN and NLC powders for treating chronic lung conditions, are considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems)
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26 pages, 3141 KiB  
Review
Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: A Bibliometric and Patent Analysis
by Aniello Cammarano, Stefania Dello Iacono, Caterina Meglio and Luigi Nicolais
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(12), 2762; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15122762 - 12 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3400
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems have become an intriguing research topic in healthcare technology and one of the most frequently developed pharmaceutical products in the global market. In recent years, researchers and pharmaceutical companies have made significant progress in developing new solutions in the [...] Read more.
Transdermal drug delivery systems have become an intriguing research topic in healthcare technology and one of the most frequently developed pharmaceutical products in the global market. In recent years, researchers and pharmaceutical companies have made significant progress in developing new solutions in the field. This study sheds light on current trends, collaboration patterns, research hotspots, and emerging frontiers of transdermal drug delivery. Herein, a bibliometric and patent analysis of data recovered from Scopus and The Lens databases, respectively, is reported over the last 20 years. From 2000 to 2022, the annual global publications increased from 131 in 2000 to 659 in 2022. Researchers in the United States, China, and India produced the highest number of publications. Likewise, most patent applications have been filed in the USA, China, and Europe. The recovered patents are 7275, grouped into 2997 patent families, of which 314 were granted. This study could support the work of decision-makers, scientific managers, or scientists to create new business opportunities or save money, time, and intellectual capital, thereby defining when a research or technology project should be a priority or not. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Dry Powder Formulation and Delivery Systems)
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