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Pharmaceutics
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Gold Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application
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Gold Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2023) | Viewed by 8783

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luca Boselli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nanobiointeractions and Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
Interests: nanomaterials; nanomedicine; nanodiagnostics; bionano-interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gold nanoparticles present a unique size and shape-dependent optical, catalytic, magnetic, and biological properties, which can be widely exploited in nanomedicine, from therapeutics to imaging, biosensing, and diagnostics. 

This Special Issue highlights the advances and challenges of gold nanoparticle-based systems for biomedical applications, including findings on new properties, particular advances concerning fundamental studies (bionano-interactions), new synthetic methods improving their use in biology (i.e., bioconjugation, surfactant-free, controlled scale-up, etc.), in vitro/in vivo translational studies, new mechanisms for colorimetric sensing, and portable diagnostic devices. Original works as well as review articles focusing on these topics are invited.

Dr. Luca Boselli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceutics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photothermal agent
  • imaging agent
  • catalytic properties
  • optical properties
  • delivery
  • bionano interaction
  • diagnosis
  • sensing
  • cancer therapy
  • neurostimulation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1915 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Preforming Protein Coronas on the Performance of Dengue NS1 Immunoassays
by Hom Rijal, Laura Goggin, Rachel Muriph, Jason Evans and Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(11), 2439; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112439 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2024
Abstract
The effect of preformed protein coronas on immunoassays for Dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) immunoassays was investigated. The composition of the protein corona that forms around nanoparticle–antibody conjugates in human serum was characterized, and selected proteins from the corona were used for preformed [...] Read more.
The effect of preformed protein coronas on immunoassays for Dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) immunoassays was investigated. The composition of the protein corona that forms around nanoparticle–antibody conjugates in human serum was characterized, and selected proteins from the corona were used for preformed coronas (human serum albumin and apolipoprotein A1). Coronas were formed and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the nanoparticle-conjugate was probed by optical absorption spectroscopy. Immunoassays were run, and performance was quantified by analyzing the strip intensity as a function of NS1 concentration. The preformed coronas influenced the limit of detection (LOD) of the assay and the affinity for the NS1 target (KD). The resulting KD and LODs for the NP–Ab–ApoA1 immunoprobes were 0.83 nM and 1.24 nM, respectively. For the NP–Ab –HSA coronas, the test line intensity was lower by 33% at a given NS1 concentration than for the NP–Ab immunoprobes, and KD was 0.14 nM, a slightly higher affinity. Due to the relatively large error of the negative control, a meaningful LOD for the NP–Ab with HSA coronas could not be determined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gold Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application)
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20 pages, 3320 KiB  
Article
Cationic Polyethyleneimine (PEI)–Gold Nanocomposites Modulate Macrophage Activation and Reprogram Mouse Breast Triple-Negative MET-1 Tumor Immunological Microenvironment
by Vladimir Mulens-Arias, Alba Nicolás-Boluda, Florent Carn and Florence Gazeau
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(10), 2234; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102234 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2799
Abstract
Nanomedicines based on inorganic nanoparticles have grown in the last decades due to the nanosystems’ versatility in the coating, tuneability, and physical and chemical properties. Nonetheless, concerns have been raised regarding the immunotropic profile of nanoparticles and how metallic nanoparticles affect the immune [...] Read more.
Nanomedicines based on inorganic nanoparticles have grown in the last decades due to the nanosystems’ versatility in the coating, tuneability, and physical and chemical properties. Nonetheless, concerns have been raised regarding the immunotropic profile of nanoparticles and how metallic nanoparticles affect the immune system. Cationic polymer nanoparticles are widely used for cell transfection and proved to exert an adjuvant immunomodulatory effect that improves the efficiency of conventional vaccines against infection or cancer. Likewise, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) also exhibit diverse effects on immune response depending on size or coatings. Photothermal or photodynamic therapy, radiosensitization, and drug or gene delivery systems take advantage of the unique properties of AuNPs to deeply modify the tumoral ecosystem. However, the collective effects that AuNPs combined with cationic polymers might exert on their own in the tumor immunological microenvironment remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to analyze the triple-negative breast tumor immunological microenvironment upon intratumoral injection of polyethyleneimine (PEI)–AuNP nanocomposites (named AuPEI) and elucidate how it might affect future immunotherapeutic approaches based on this nanosystem. AuPEI nanocomposites were synthesized through a one-pot synthesis method with PEI as both a reducing and capping agent, resulting in fractal assemblies of about 10 nm AuNPs. AuPEI induced an inflammatory profile in vitro in the mouse macrophage-like cells RAW264.7 as determined by the secretion of TNF-α and CCL5 while the immunosuppressor IL-10 was not increased. However, in vivo in the mouse breast MET-1 tumor model, AuPEI nanocomposites shifted the immunological tumor microenvironment toward an M2 phenotype with an immunosuppressive profile as determined by the infiltration of PD-1-positive lymphocytes. This dichotomy in AuPEI nanocomposites in vitro and in vivo might be attributed to the highly complex tumor microenvironment and highlights the importance of testing the immunogenicity of nanomaterials in vitro and more importantly in vivo in relevant immunocompetent mouse tumor models to better elucidate any adverse or unexpected effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gold Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application)
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16 pages, 4246 KiB  
Article
Combination of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE Targeted Radionuclide Therapy and Photothermal Therapy as a Promising Approach for Cancer Treatment: In Vivo Studies in a Human Xenograft Mouse Model
by Marina Simón, Jesper Tranekjær Jørgensen, Harshvardhan A. Khare, Camilla Christensen, Carsten Haagen Nielsen and Andreas Kjaer
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(6), 1284; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061284 - 16 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3184
Abstract
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) relies on α- and β-emitting radionuclides bound to a peptide that commonly targets somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) for the localized killing of tumors through ionizing radiation. A Lutetium-177 (177Lu)-based probe linked to the somatostatin analog octreotate ([ [...] Read more.
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) relies on α- and β-emitting radionuclides bound to a peptide that commonly targets somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) for the localized killing of tumors through ionizing radiation. A Lutetium-177 (177Lu)-based probe linked to the somatostatin analog octreotate ([177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) is approved for the treatment of certain SSTR-expressing tumors and has been shown to improve survival. However, a limiting factor of PRRT is the potential toxicity derived from the high doses needed to kill the tumor. This could be circumvented by combining PRRT with other treatments for an enhanced anti-tumor effect. Photothermal therapy (PTT) relies on nanoparticle-induced hyperthermia for cancer treatment and could be a useful add-on to PRRT. Here, we investigate a strategy combining [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE PRRT and nanoshell (NS)-based PTT for the treatment of SSTR-expressing small-cell lung tumors in mice. Our results showed that the combination treatment improved survival compared to PRRT alone, but only when PTT was performed one day after [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE injection (one of the timepoints examined), showcasing the effect of treatment timing in relation to outcome. Furthermore, the combination treatment was well-tolerated in the mice. This indicates that strategies involving NS-based PTT as an add-on to PRRT could be promising and should be investigated further. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gold Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application)
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