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Polymers
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New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers
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New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Fibers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 8945

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Baturalp Yalcinkaya

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Guest Editor
Department of Material Science, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
Interests: nanofibers; electrospinning; nanofiltration; thin film
Dr. Ipek Yalcin Enis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Textile Engineering Department, Textile Technologies and Design Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Beyoglu, 34437 Istanbul, Turkey
Interests: vascular grafts; electrospun scaffolds; tissue engineering; biopolymers; nanofibrous webs
Dr. Fatma Yalcinkaya

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Technology, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovations, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
Interests: membrane; nanofiber; electrospinning; surface modification; filtration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrospinning creates nanometer-to-micrometer polymer fibers. Electrospun fibers are now used in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and energy storage due to improvements in electrospinning.

Electrospinning with multi-component polymer systems has produced fibers with customized characteristics. Combining polymers improves fiber mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and drug loading capacity.

Functionalized electrospun fibers represent another advancement in this field. The addition of functional molecules such as enzymes or antibodies to fibers creates materials with specialized biological or chemical capabilities. Biosensors and drug delivery may use these functionalized fibers.

Hybrid electrospinning polymer–metal or polymer–ceramic composites represent another advancement. These materials can be used for energy storage and catalysis.

Finally, electrospinning involves advanced fiber alignment and orientation procedures. Fiber orientation can form anisotropic mechanical, electrical, and optical materials. Tissue engineering and electronics may use these materials.

In conclusion, electrospinning has produced polymer fibers with customized properties and functions. Researchers in the fields of tissue engineering, drug delivery, energy storage, and catalysis can use these fibers.

Dr. Baturalp Yalcinkaya
Dr. Ipek Yalcin Enis
Dr. Fatma Yalcinkaya
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrospinning
  • spun nanofibers
  • polymers
  • nanocomposite
  • nanofibrous materials
  • nanostructures
  • nanoparticles
  • functionalized nanofibers

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 4163 KiB  
Article
An Innovative Approach for Elemental Mercury Adsorption Using X-ray Irradiation and Electrospun Nylon/Chitosan Nanofibers
by Baturalp Yalcinkaya, Martin Strejc, Fatma Yalcinkaya, Tomas Spirek, Petr Louda, Katarzyna Ewa Buczkowska and Milan Bousa
Polymers 2024, 16(12), 1721; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16121721 - 17 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1038
Abstract
A novel approach was proposed, utilizing an electrical field and X-ray irradiation to oxidize elemental mercury (Hg0) and encapsulate it within a nanofibrous mat made of Polyamide 6/Chitosan. The X-rays contributed significantly to the conversion of Hg0 into Hg+ [...] Read more.
A novel approach was proposed, utilizing an electrical field and X-ray irradiation to oxidize elemental mercury (Hg0) and encapsulate it within a nanofibrous mat made of Polyamide 6/Chitosan. The X-rays contributed significantly to the conversion of Hg0 into Hg+ by producing electrons through the photoionization of gas molecules. The positive and negative pole electrodes generated an electric field that exerted a magnetic force, resulting in the redirection of oxidized elemental mercury towards the negative pole electrode, which was coupled with a Polyamide 6/Chitosan nanofiber mat. The evaluation of the Polyamide 6/Chitosan nanofibers exposed to oxidized mercury showed that the mercury, found in the steam of a specially designed filtration device, was captured in two different forms. Firstly, it was chemically bonded with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 10 ng of Hg in total. Secondly, it was retained on the surface of the Polyamide 6/Chitosan nanofibers with a concentration of 10 microg/m3 of Hg per minute. Nevertheless, a concentration of 10 microg/m3 of mercury is considered significant, given that the emission levels of mercury from each coal power plant typically vary from approximately 4.72 to 44.07 microg/m3. Thus, this research presents a viable approach to reducing mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants, which could result in lower operational expenses and less secondary environmental effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers)
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13 pages, 4662 KiB  
Article
In Situ Synthesis of CsPbX3/Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers with Water-Stability and Color-Tunability for Anti-Counterfeiting and LEDs
by Yinbiao Shi, Xiaojia Su, Xiaoyan Wang and Mingye Ding
Polymers 2024, 16(11), 1568; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16111568 - 1 Jun 2024
Viewed by 861
Abstract
Inorganic CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have attracted widespread attention due to their excellent optical properties and extensive application prospects. However, their inherent structural instability significantly hinders their practical application despite their outstanding optical performance. To enhance [...] Read more.
Inorganic CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have attracted widespread attention due to their excellent optical properties and extensive application prospects. However, their inherent structural instability significantly hinders their practical application despite their outstanding optical performance. To enhance stability, an in situ electrospinning strategy was used to synthesize CsPbX3/polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers. By optimizing process parameters (e.g., halide ratio, electrospinning voltage, and heat treatment temperature), all-inorganic CsPbX3 PQDs have been successfully grown in a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) matrix. During the electrospinning process, the rapid solidification of electrospun fibers not only effectively constrained the formation of large-sized PQDs but also provided effective physical protection for PQDs, resulting in the improvement in the water stability of PQDs by minimizing external environmental interference. Even after storage in water for over 100 days, the PQDs maintained approximately 93.5% of their photoluminescence intensity. Through the adjustment of halogen elements, the as-obtained composite nanofibers exhibited color-tunable luminescence in the visible light region, and based on this, a series of multicolor anti-counterfeiting patterns were fabricated. Additionally, benefiting from the excellent water stability and optical performance, the CsPbBr3/PAN composite film was combined with red-emitting K2SiF6:Mn4+ (KSF) on a blue LED (460 nm), producing a stable and efficient WLED device with a color temperature of around 6000 K and CIE coordinates of (0.318, 0.322). These results provide a general approach to synthesizing PQDs/polymer nanocomposites with excellent water stability and multicolor emission, thereby promoting their practical applications in multifunctional optoelectronic devices and advanced anti-counterfeiting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers)
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16 pages, 35362 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Electrospun TORLON® 4000 Polyamide-Imide (PAI) Nanofibers: Bridging the Gap to Industrial-Scale Production
by Baturalp Yalcinkaya and Matej Buzgo
Polymers 2024, 16(11), 1516; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16111516 - 27 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 788
Abstract
Polyamide-imide (PAI) is an exceptional polymer known for its outstanding mechanical, chemical, and thermal resistance. This makes it an ideal choice for applications that require excellent durability, such as those in the aerospace sector, bearings, gears, and the oil and gas industry. The [...] Read more.
Polyamide-imide (PAI) is an exceptional polymer known for its outstanding mechanical, chemical, and thermal resistance. This makes it an ideal choice for applications that require excellent durability, such as those in the aerospace sector, bearings, gears, and the oil and gas industry. The current study explores the optimization of TORLON® 4000 T HV polyamide-imide nanofibers utilizing needleless electrospinning devices, ranging from laboratory-scale to industrial-scale production, for the first time. The PAI polymer has been dispersed in several solvent systems at varying concentrations. The diameter of the electrospun PAI nanofibers ranged from 65.8 nanometers to 1.52 μm. Their filtering efficiency was above 90% for particles with a size of 0.3 microns. The TGA results proved that PAI nanofibers have excellent resistance to high temperatures up to 450 °C. The PAI nanofibers are ideal for hot air intake filtration and fire-fighter personal protection equipment applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers)
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15 pages, 5806 KiB  
Article
Suitability of Mycelium-Reinforced Nanofiber Mats for Filtration of Different Dyes
by Angela Heide, Philip Wiebe, Lilia Sabantina and Andrea Ehrmann
Polymers 2023, 15(19), 3951; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15193951 - 29 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1725
Abstract
Electrospun nanofiber mats have a high specific surface area and very small pores which can be tailored by the spinning process. They are thus highly suitable as filters for small particles and molecules, such as organic dyes. On the other hand, they are [...] Read more.
Electrospun nanofiber mats have a high specific surface area and very small pores which can be tailored by the spinning process. They are thus highly suitable as filters for small particles and molecules, such as organic dyes. On the other hand, they are usually very thin and thus have low mechanical properties. As a potential reinforcement, mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus was grown on poly(acrylonitrile) nanofiber mats and thermally solidified after fully covering the nanofiber mats. This study investigates whether the filtration efficiency of the nanofiber mats is altered by the mycelium growing through it and whether the mechanical properties of the nanofibrous filters can be improved in this way. The study shows fast and reliable growth of the mycelium on the nanofiber mats and high filtration efficiency for astra blue and chlorophyll, while indigo carmine showed only very low filtration efficiency of up to 20%. For chlorophyll and safranin, membranes with mycelium showed higher filtration than pure nanofiber mats. In diffusion cell tests, especially astra blue was strongly adsorbed on the membranes with mycelium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers)
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17 pages, 4738 KiB  
Article
Polydopamine-Coated Polycaprolactone Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane Loaded with Thrombin for Wound Hemostasis
by Dapeng Cui, Ming Li, Peng Zhang, Feng Rao, Wei Huang, Chuanlin Wang, Wei Guo and Tianbing Wang
Polymers 2023, 15(14), 3122; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15143122 - 22 Jul 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1863
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock is the primary cause of death in patients with severe trauma, and the development of rapid and efficient hemostatic methods is of great significance in saving the lives of trauma patients. In this study, a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membrane was prepared [...] Read more.
Hemorrhagic shock is the primary cause of death in patients with severe trauma, and the development of rapid and efficient hemostatic methods is of great significance in saving the lives of trauma patients. In this study, a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning. A PCL–PDA loading system was developed by modifying the surface of polydopamine (PDA), using inspiration from mussel adhesion protein, and the efficient and stable loading of thrombin (TB) was realized to ensure the bioactivity of TB. The new thrombin loading system overcomes the disadvantages of harsh storage conditions, poor strength, and ease of falling off, and it can use thrombin to start a rapid coagulation cascade reaction, which has the characteristics of fast hemostasis, good biocompatibility, high safety, and a wide range of hemostasis. The physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the PCL–PDA–TB membrane were verified by scanning electron microscopy, the cell proliferation test, the cell adhesion test, and the extract cytotoxicity test. Red blood cell adhesion, platelet adhesion, dynamic coagulation time, and animal models all verified the coagulation effect of the PCL–PDA–TB membrane. Therefore, the PCL–PDA–TB membrane has great potential in wound hemostasis applications, and should be widely used in various traumatic hemostatic scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers)
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Review

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30 pages, 443 KiB  
Review
Trends in the Incorporation of Antiseptics into Natural Polymer-Based Nanofibrous Mats
by Lenka Piskláková, Kristýna Skuhrovcová, Tereza Bártová, Julie Seidelmannová, Štěpán Vondrovic and Vladimír Velebný
Polymers 2024, 16(5), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050664 - 29 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1420
Abstract
Nanofibrous materials represent a very promising form of advanced carrier systems that can be used industrially, especially in regenerative medicine as highly functional bandages, or advanced wound dressings. By incorporation of antimicrobial additives directly into the structure of the nanofiber carrier, the functionality [...] Read more.
Nanofibrous materials represent a very promising form of advanced carrier systems that can be used industrially, especially in regenerative medicine as highly functional bandages, or advanced wound dressings. By incorporation of antimicrobial additives directly into the structure of the nanofiber carrier, the functionality of the layer is upgraded, depending on the final requirement—bactericidal, bacteriostatic, antiseptic, or a generally antimicrobial effect. Such highly functional nanofibrous layers can be prepared mostly by electrospinning technology from both synthetic and natural polymers. The presence of a natural polymer in the composition is very advantageous. Especially in medical applications where, due to the presence of the material close to the human body, the healing process is more efficient and without the occurrence of an unwanted inflammatory response. However, converting natural polymers into nanofibrous form, with a homogeneously distributed and stable additive, is a great challenge. Thus, a combination of natural and synthetic materials is often used. This review clearly summarizes the issue of the incorporation and effectiveness of different types of antimicrobial substances, such as nanoparticles, antibiotics, common antiseptics, or substances of natural origin, into electrospun nanofibrous layers made of mostly natural polymer materials. A section describing the problematic aspects of antimicrobial polymers is also included. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Polymer Electrospun Fibers)
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