CO2 Capture and Conversion Processes: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2025 | Viewed by 946

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
2. Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
Interests: adsorption; advanced separations; carbon capture; hydrogen storage; water treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The amplification of energy demands due to global population growth and modern lifestyles result in increasing CO2 atmospheric levels, mostly attributed to intensifying fossil fuel industrial production. International initiatives, such as the Kyoto protocol and the Paris agreement, target the significant reduction of CO2 emissions in order to mitigate climate change. Towards this direction, various technologies have emerged, aiming to capture CO2 and transform it to useful products. Energy-efficient CO2 adsorption and absorption processes for capturing CO2 from various point emission sources and directly from air (DAC), employing innovative low-cost material solvents and membranes, as well as innovative conversion processes including electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RRs) to useful products, are of major importance.

The present Special Issue seeks high quality works, focusing on CO2 capture and CO2 conversion technologies. The aim of the Issue is to collect recent research and review works related to the aforementioned processes targeting CO2 mitigation.

Topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

CO2 capture technologies:

  • Direct air capture (DAC)
  • Direct ocean capture (DOC)
  • Post-combustion capture
  • Pre-combustion capture
  • Oxy-fuel combustion
  • Chemical looping combustion
  • Cryogenic separation
CO2 capture methods:
  • Absorption
  • Adsorption
  • Membrane separation
  • Hybrid processes
CO2 conversion technologies:
  • Catalytic processes
  • Dry reforming of methane (DRM) to sygas production
  • CO2 hydrogenation to high-value products
  • Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR)
  • Microbial electrosynthesis systems (MESs)
  • Photocatalytic CO2 reduction

Dr. Georgios Bampos
Dr. Georgios Karanikolos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • greenhouse gases (GHGs)
  • carbon emissions
  • CO2
  • CO2 capture
  • carbon capture and storage (CCS)
  • carbon capture and utilization (CCU)
  • CO2 conversion
  • CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR)

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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15 pages, 2877 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Estimation of CO2 Absorption Capacity Using Ionic Conductivity of Protonated Di-Methyl-Ethanolamine (DMEA) and Electrical Conductivity in Low-Concentration DMEA Aqueous Solutions
by Sang-Jun Han, Joo Young Han and Jung-Ho Wee
Processes 2024, 12(11), 2495; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12112495 - 10 Nov 2024
Viewed by 419
Abstract
The present study investigates the real-time estimation of CO2 absorption capacity (CAC) based on the electrical conductivity (EC) of low-concentration di-methyl-ethanolamine (DMEA) solutions (0.1–0.5 M). CO2 absorption experiments are conducted to measure the variation in CAC and EC during CO2 [...] Read more.
The present study investigates the real-time estimation of CO2 absorption capacity (CAC) based on the electrical conductivity (EC) of low-concentration di-methyl-ethanolamine (DMEA) solutions (0.1–0.5 M). CO2 absorption experiments are conducted to measure the variation in CAC and EC during CO2 absorption, revealing a strong correlation between the two properties. The ionic conductivity of DMEAH+ formed during absorption is calculated to be 53.1 S·cm2/(mol·z), which is found to be larger than that of TEAH+ and MDEAH+. This can be attributed to the smaller molar mass and higher ionic mobility of DMEAH+. A significant finding is that the measured EC (ECM) of the DMEA solutions consistently demonstrates a lower value than the theoretically predicted value. This discrepancy is due to the larger ionic size of DMEAH+, which results in a reduction in the real mean ionic activity coefficient. This effect becomes more pronounced with increasing DMEA concentration. Consequently, a higher CAC is required to produce the same change in EC at higher amine concentrations. Based on these findings, an empirical equation is devised to estimate CAC from ECM in solutions of constant DMEA concentration. This equation will be employed as a practical approach for the in situ monitoring of CO2 absorption using DMEA aqueous solution. Full article
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