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Processes
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Catalytic Processes in Continuous Nanostructured Reactors
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Catalytic Processes in Continuous Nanostructured Reactors

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis Enhanced Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2022) | Viewed by 5758

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gianvito Vilé

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: single-atom catalysis; heterogeneous catalysis; chemical reaction engineering; environmental catalysis; photocatalysis; electrocatalysis; biomass valorization; hydrogenation; nanostructured materials; surface modification; hybrid systems; CO2 hydrogenation; green chemistry; flow chemistry; 2D materials; graphene; process intensification
Prof. Dr. Jiaxu Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology B-107, No. 2 Linggong Rd, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: catalysis; catalytic materials; zeolites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well known that modern civilization would be inconceivable without catalytic processes. These are, in fact, the backbone of many industrial steps that are employed to make plastics, drugs, agrochemicals, printing inks, flavors and fragrances, food additives, and many other manufactured items that sustain society as we know it. With the growing concerns about climate change and the impact of humankind's activities on the environment, this discipline may play an even more critical role today. Catalysis, in fact, can redirect reactions along precisely defined paths, skip reaction steps, unlock new energy sources, reduce footprints, and take advantage (in a circular manner) of abundant waste resources. In addition to that, the development of continuous nanostructured reactors may provide a tool for intensifying and integrating catalytic processes, minimizing energy use, reducing the number of downstream separation steps, and improving flexibility and safety. 

This Special Issue invites the submission of original research papers and review articles highlighting recent advances in the fields of catalysis science and technology, process intensification, and chemical reaction engineering. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • the design of economically feasible, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly catalytic materials and their applications for sustainable, low-cost catalytic processes;
  • processes featuring novel enabling technologies (photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and biocatalysis);
  • novel catalytic processes for energy harvesting and self-powered systems; and
  • advances in the design of catalytic materials and processes for eco-friendly technologies.
Prof. Dr. Gianvito Vilé
Prof. Dr. Jiaxu Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • flow chemistry
  • chemical reaction engineering
  • microreactors
  • homogeneous catalysis
  • heterogeneous catalysis
  • organocatalysis
  • photocatalysis
  • biocatalysis
  • sustainable synthesis
  • process intensification

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3169 KiB  
Article
Adsorption and Reaction Mechanisms of Direct Palladium Synthesis by ALD Using Pd(hfac)2 and Ozone on Si (100) Surface
by Chunyu Cheng, Yiming Zou, Jiahui Li, Amanda Jiamin Ong, Ronn Goei, Jingfeng Huang, Shuzhou Li and Alfred Iing Yoong Tok
Processes 2021, 9(12), 2246; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9122246 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2608
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles made by atomic layer deposition (ALD) normally involve formaldehyde or H2 as a reducing agent. Since formaldehyde is toxic and H2 is explosive, it is advantageous to remove this reducing step during the fabrication of palladium metal by ALD. [...] Read more.
Palladium nanoparticles made by atomic layer deposition (ALD) normally involve formaldehyde or H2 as a reducing agent. Since formaldehyde is toxic and H2 is explosive, it is advantageous to remove this reducing step during the fabrication of palladium metal by ALD. In this work we have successfully used Pd(hfac)2 and ozone directly to prepare palladium nanoparticles, without the use of reducing or annealing agents. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to explore the reaction mechanisms of palladium metal formation in this process. DFT results show that Pd(hfac)2 dissociatively chemisorbed to form Pd(hfac)* and hfac* on the Si (100) surface. Subsequently, an O atom of the ozone could cleave the C–C bond of Pd(hfac)* to form Pd* with a low activation barrier of 0.46 eV. An O atom of the ozone could also be inserted into the hfac* to form Pd(hfac-O)* with a lower activation barrier of 0.29 eV. With more ozone, the C–C bond of Pd(hfac-O)* could be broken to produce Pd* with an activation barrier of 0.42 eV. The ozone could also chemisorb on the Pd atom of Pd(hfac-O)* to form O3-Pd(hfac-O)*, which could separate into O-Pd(hfac-O)* with a high activation barrier of 0.83 eV. Besides, the activation barrier was 0.64 eV for Pd* that was directly oxidized to PdOx by ozone. Based on activation barriers from DFT calculations, it was possible to prepare palladium without reducing steps when ALD conditions were carefully controlled, especially the ozone parameters, as shown by our experimental results. The mechanisms of this approach could be used to prepare other noble metals by ALD without reducing/annealing agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Processes in Continuous Nanostructured Reactors)
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16 pages, 4144 KiB  
Article
A Dual Reactor for Isothermal Thermochemical Cycles of H2O/CO2 Co-Splitting Using La0.3Sr0.7Co0.7Fe0.3O3 as an Oxygen Carrier
by Tatiya Khamhangdatepon, Thana Sornchamni, Nuchanart Siri-Nguan, Navadol Laosiripojana and Unalome Wetwatana Hartley
Processes 2021, 9(6), 1018; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9061018 - 9 Jun 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2633
Abstract
Catalytic performance of La0.3Sr0.7Co0.7Fe0.3O3 (LSCF3773 or LSCF) catalyst for syngas production via two step thermochemical cycles of H2O and CO2 co-splitting was investigated. Oxygen storage capacity (OSC) was found to depend [...] Read more.
Catalytic performance of La0.3Sr0.7Co0.7Fe0.3O3 (LSCF3773 or LSCF) catalyst for syngas production via two step thermochemical cycles of H2O and CO2 co-splitting was investigated. Oxygen storage capacity (OSC) was found to depend on reduction temperature, rather than the oxidation temperature. The highest oxygen vacancy (Δδ) was achieved when the reduction and oxidation temperature were both fixed at 900 °C with the feed ratio (H2O to CO2) of 3 to 1, with an increasing amount of CO2 in the feed mixture. CO productivity reached its plateau at high ratios of H2O to CO2 (1:1, 1:2, and 1:2.5), while the total productivities were reduced with the same ratios. This indicated the existence of a CO2 blockage, which was the result of either high Ea of CO2 dissociation or high Ea of CO desorption, resulting in the loss in active species. From the results, it can be concluded that H2O and CO2 splitting reactions were competitive reactions. Ea of H2O and CO2 splitting was estimated at 31.01 kJ/mol and 48.05 kJ/mol, respectively, which agreed with the results obtained from the experimentation of the effect of the oxidation temperature. A dual-reactors system was applied to provide a continuous product stream, where the operation mode was switched between the reduction and oxidation step. The isothermal thermochemical cycles process, where the reduction and oxidation were performed at the same temperature, was also carried out in order to increase the overall efficiency of the process. The optimal time for the reduction and oxidation step was found to be 30 min for each step, giving total productivity of the syngas mixture at 28,000 μmol/g, approximately. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Processes in Continuous Nanostructured Reactors)
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