Simulation, Measurements, and Analysis of Mass and Energy Transport in HVAC Systems

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 5861

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta 27, Cracow, Poland
Interests: nanomaterials; gas sorption; adsorption systems; porosity; pore structure; environmental engineering
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are happy to invite you to submit a paper to Processes for a new Special Issue on “Measurements and Analysis of Mass and Energy Transport in HVAC Systems”. The Special Issue will be focused on a new approach to modeling and measurement system applications related to in-depth analysis of HVAC systems.

Over the years, we have seen the rapid development of simulation tools, sophisticated measurement devices, and techniques applied to ventilation system analysis. These are used in the ventilation and air conditioning of various facilities, ranging from cars, houses, and industrial facilities to underground building structures such as tunnels or mines. In every case, the application target is similar and assumed to provide the optimal amount of air within specified parameters (temperature, humidity, etc.) to specific places in ventilation networks or to establish adequate thermal conditions. In many cases, this task is made difficult by the conditions created by the ventilated object itself, such as the object’s complexity, gas, fire or explosion hazards, and work of people and machines. Such tasks require comprehensive activities from researchers, starting from a theoretical analysis of phenomena in ventilation networks, through their modeling and experimental verification with the use of precise measurement systems. They are all part of a single process that furthers our knowledge of ventilation used to design advanced air conditioning systems.

Dr. Anna Pajdak
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • HVAC systems
  • ventilation systems
  • heat and mass transport
  • measurement devices
  • fluid flow phenomena

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 3952 KiB  
Communication
Numerical Investigation of Air Flow in Goaf While Mapping Its Flow Parameters
by Jakub Janus
Processes 2023, 11(4), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11040987 - 24 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 955
Abstract
Recent work has presented a numerical model of a longwall ventilated by a U-system, considering the real shape of an adjacent goaf in addition to parameters characterizing the distribution of porosity and permeability. Analogous distributions are used in the two-dimensional model implemented in [...] Read more.
Recent work has presented a numerical model of a longwall ventilated by a U-system, considering the real shape of an adjacent goaf in addition to parameters characterizing the distribution of porosity and permeability. Analogous distributions are used in the two-dimensional model implemented in VentZroby software. A comparison of the results of the three-dimensional flow calculations with the two-dimensional calculations can be used to verify the simpler description and evaluate the impact of simplifications on the simulation results. Air flow calculations were carried out using the selected turbulence model. The obtained results present the possibility of conducting extensive numerical calculations for flow problems in underground mines, considering more precise descriptions and the interpretation of the calculation results carried out using a simpler description. Full article
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20 pages, 4024 KiB  
Article
Room Air-Conditioning Operating as a Filling Box
by Aristeidis A. Bloutsos and Panayotis C. Yannopoulos
Processes 2022, 10(2), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10020213 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2378
Abstract
The air temperature variation of a closed room, well insulated, during the initial time of operation of air-conditioning systems up to temperature stabilization, is simulated by a two-dimensional integral model as a quasi-steady-state phenomenon. The model equipped with a conservation equation for tracer [...] Read more.
The air temperature variation of a closed room, well insulated, during the initial time of operation of air-conditioning systems up to temperature stabilization, is simulated by a two-dimensional integral model as a quasi-steady-state phenomenon. The model equipped with a conservation equation for tracer concentration or relative temperature, including the stratification parameter, is well qualified. The flow leaving the air conditioning device forms an inclined buoyant jet which bends over and meets the room floor, where it spreads sideways forming a layer with jet temperature. A sequence of layers, which affect the jet temperature through entrainment, are produced by a novel bottom-up technique. The layer air temperatures are calculated through the bulk dilution of a near bottom jet cross-section, which feeds each new layer. The model simulated a real case and predicted the transient variation of room air and buoyant jet temperatures up to stabilisation. It also predicted the time needed for stabilisation, the cooling rates of the room and jet air temperatures, the Brunt-Väisälä frequency occurring during the temperature transitions, and more. The results are promising as they agree with observations. Thus, the model could be used to evaluate the effectiveness of relevant HVAC systems operating in such rooms. Full article
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Graphical abstract

10 pages, 2924 KiB  
Article
Interaction between the Standard and the Measurement Instrument during the Flow Velocity Sensor Calibration Process
by Paweł Jamróz
Processes 2021, 9(10), 1792; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9101792 - 9 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
The complex ventilation system development process is associated with the stages of modelling, design, execution, and testing. Each of these steps requires the use of measuring equipment that is capable of determining the basic parameters of the flow. In the process of calibrating [...] Read more.
The complex ventilation system development process is associated with the stages of modelling, design, execution, and testing. Each of these steps requires the use of measuring equipment that is capable of determining the basic parameters of the flow. In the process of calibrating instruments for measuring flow velocity, one of the limitations is the size of the calibrated devices positioned in the test section of the wind tunnel. This is related to the change in the flow condition within the vicinity of the calibrated anemometers, which is caused by the blockage effect. Instruments with significant dimensions in relation to the cross-sectional area of the wind tunnel test section may have an impact on the reference velocity as indicated by the standard. In such cases, the calibration results may be affected by additional systematic error. This article presents a study of this effect using a real case of a calibration laboratory and commonly used sensors. The influence of different types of air velocity sensors on velocity profiles in the measurement standard area is also investigated. Additionally, the area of the blockage effect is described. The obtained results indicate the possibility of a proper placement for the measuring standard due to minimization of the flow-blocking effect. Full article
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