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Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 61198

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Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Management Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
Interests: product–service systems; circular economy; design for X; product lifecycle management; Industry 4.0; sustainable development goals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Management Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
Interests: product lifecycle management; Industry 4.0
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The journal Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050, IF 2.576) is currently running a Special Issue entitled “Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management”, and we are serving as Guest Editors for this issue. We think you could make an excellent contribution based on your expertise.

Today more than ever, the world needs to be considered a finite and limited system, characterized by scarce resources and as a place where restock is not possible in an infinite way. As such, careful resource management needs to be planned and set by the concurrent actions of heterogeneous stakeholders, from policy makers up to academics and industrials, in order to effectively implement circularity and to be able to pursue sustainability in time. The different resources involved along the extended product lifecycle need to be adequately managed through innovative business models and design practices, coupled with reverse logistic and digital technology adoption. So far, several methods have been adopted and combined in different ways to measure and assess the circular performance of a system.

This Special Issue will highlight new opportunities and challenges for Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management, focusing on technological advancements and management initiatives, including public–private partnerships between stakeholders. We welcome papers on:

  • The exploration of how new digital technologies, gathered under the umbrella of Industry 4.0, can support the measurement and analysis of lifecycle data according to the industrial symbiosis level of the system. Since not only single companies but also industrial parks, global supply chains, urban territory, and municipal solid wastes can be taken into account as referring systems of a circular economy performance assessment, the analysis of data coming from an extended and circular supply chain gives the chance to approach very different scenarios in which circular business models have been adopted. This opens the way to also consider, in the measurement of the performance, specific building blocks such as reverse logistics and particular systems conditions;
  • The use of design practices to specifically empower product design and development according to specific measurement performances, such as design for X guidelines and checklists, and to give strategic directions to shift the linear lifecycle into a circular one;
  • The development of methods and practices able to systematically and practically measure and assess the circularity degree of a given system and to take into account all the heterogeneous resources involved in its lifecycle;
  • The development and adoption of methods and approaches, and of a set of related key performance indicators (KPI), suitable for the assessment of the circularity performance in different application fields. These KPIs can deal with the circularity degree of the resources occurring within the product life cycle and can also support the quantification of those that are the economic, environmental, and most of all, social benefits of the CE. These KPIs, from a regulations and reporting perspective, can support the creation of a product certification system related to the circularity of resource flows, internal reporting and benchmarking in companies or support in the creation/enrichment of databases useful for LCA, etc. From a companies’ portfolio circular innovation perspective, they can support not only the decision making process along the design of new products but also the comparison of different versions of the same product based on their degree of circularity;
  • The development of a Circular Economy maturity model, based on the definition of a set of KPIs for CE performance assessment, aimed at both defining companies’ level of readiness in terms of circularity and proposing a roadmap to better address CE;
  • Future perspectives on Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management.

Dr. Claudio Sassanelli
Prof. Sergio Terzi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Circular economy
  • Performance assessment
  • Industry 4.0
  • Industrial symbiosis

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Published Papers (15 papers)

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Editorial

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8 pages, 220 KiB  
Editorial
Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management
by Claudio Sassanelli and Sergio Terzi
Sustainability 2023, 15(11), 8619; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118619 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5491
Abstract
Today, more than ever, the world needs to be considered as a finite and limited system, characterized by scarce resources and as a place where restocking is not possible in an infinite way [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)

Research

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25 pages, 3015 KiB  
Article
Nurture: A Novel Approach to PSS-Rebound Effect Identification
by Salman Alfarisi, Yuya Mitake, Yusuke Tsutsui, Hanfei Wang and Yoshiki Shimomura
Sustainability 2023, 15(9), 7359; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097359 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2060
Abstract
The product–service system is a significant research subject related to business model innovation and sustainability. However, the product–service system feature has affected the consumption behaviour, affecting nurture. The authors identified an apparent knowledge gap in the prior literature concerning nurture in the product–service [...] Read more.
The product–service system is a significant research subject related to business model innovation and sustainability. However, the product–service system feature has affected the consumption behaviour, affecting nurture. The authors identified an apparent knowledge gap in the prior literature concerning nurture in the product–service system. This study examined whether nurture should be a prominent issue in the product–service system since certain features can significantly affect the achievement of set targets by generating a rebound effect. This study demonstrated that the business model system is complex, with interconnected solutions and issues. Solutions are not implemented in isolation, therefore, each decision affects the system. This study employed feedback system thinking using system dynamics. To validate its findings against the actual situation, this study employed car-sharing as a case study. The findings of this study indicate that the variable of nurture is a significant indicator of profit growth but generates a deterioration in the environmental and social performance of product–service system implementation, which leads to a rebound effect of the product–service system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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25 pages, 1294 KiB  
Article
A Framework to Assess Manufacturers’ Circular Economy Readiness Level in Developing Countries: An Application Case in a Serbian Packaging Company
by Jelena Demko-Rihter, Claudio Sassanelli, Marija Pantelic and Zoran Anisic
Sustainability 2023, 15(8), 6982; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086982 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2536
Abstract
Researchers highlighted the gap between the circular economy (CE) theory and real manufacturing practices. In developing countries, the background for CE development is quite different from developed countries, where there is an established waste management structure and a robust environmental policy. In addition, [...] Read more.
Researchers highlighted the gap between the circular economy (CE) theory and real manufacturing practices. In developing countries, the background for CE development is quite different from developed countries, where there is an established waste management structure and a robust environmental policy. In addition, a shortage of best practices, guidelines, learning experiences, frameworks, and models capable of guiding manufacturers in measuring their circular level and track a roadmap towards an improvement of their circular readiness is raised in the literature. Therefore, this research develops and proposes a framework for assessing company’s CE readiness and is tailored for companies operating in developing countries. In detail, the framework investigates the two main perspectives (product and business model) that companies should consider adopting and implementing CE in their operations and business. The framework also supports companies to track an improvement roadmap through the definition of future actions and KPIs. To develop the framework, an application case with a company placed in Serbia and operating in the packaging industry has been conducted. The application of the framework unveiled that there is room for improvement in developing countries to foster CE adoption, especially in the policy context. Indeed, policy incentives and instruments of public authorities would considerably support the circular transition process in companies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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11 pages, 422 KiB  
Article
Analyzing the Leading Role of High-Performance Work System towards Strategic Business Performance
by Abdelmohsen A. Nassani, Hadi Hussain, Joanna Rosak-Szyrocka, László Vasa, Zahid Yousaf and Mohamed Haffar
Sustainability 2023, 15(7), 5697; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075697 - 24 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1609
Abstract
HPWS is currently perceived as potential source of the competitive skills, capabilities and knowledge of human resources. This study aim to illustrate how high-performance work systems (HPWS) offer the foundation for strategic business performance (SBP) through the mediating function of organizational flexibility and [...] Read more.
HPWS is currently perceived as potential source of the competitive skills, capabilities and knowledge of human resources. This study aim to illustrate how high-performance work systems (HPWS) offer the foundation for strategic business performance (SBP) through the mediating function of organizational flexibility and contextualizing manufacturing firms of developing countries by providing an empirically tested framework for analyzing SBP. The current study is based on a quantitative research design. Data were gathered from manufacturing firms from the top, middle and operational management firms. SEM was used to analyze our 589 samples. Findings revealed that HPWS is the only component aiding manufacturing firms’ growth. The results illustrate that HPWS will take a long time to achieve SBP if organisational flexibility does not mediate the relationship between HPWS and SBP. Utilizing actual data, this study reveals practical strategies for enhancing the mechanism of business development performance among manufacturing organizations. Furthermore, this research helps to understand the relationship between HPWS and organizational flexibility in attaining SBP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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13 pages, 1841 KiB  
Article
Servitization 4.0 as a Trigger for Sustainable Business: Evidence from Automotive Digital Supply Chain
by Anja Jankovic-Zugic, Nenad Medic, Marko Pavlovic, Tanja Todorovic and Slavko Rakic
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2217; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032217 - 25 Jan 2023
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4194
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic strengthens the use of digital services in the supply chains of manufacturers and suppliers in the automotive industry. Furthermore, the digitalization of the production process changed how manufacturing firms manage their value chains in the era of Industry 4.0. The [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic strengthens the use of digital services in the supply chains of manufacturers and suppliers in the automotive industry. Furthermore, the digitalization of the production process changed how manufacturing firms manage their value chains in the era of Industry 4.0. The automotive sector represents the ecosystem with rapid digital transformation, which provides a strong relationship between manufacturing firms in supply chains. However, there are many gaps in understanding how digital technologies and services could better shape relations between manufacturers and suppliers in the automotive industry. Accordingly, this study investigates the relations in deliveries of digital services in supply chains of the automotive industry. The data set was obtained through annual reports of the automotive firms, both from suppliers and manufacturers, between 2018 and 2020. From the network perspective, throughout the years, authors have used Social Network Analysis (SNA) method. SNA evaluates the relationship between actors (i.e., manufacturers and suppliers) in the use of services in their business models. The research results demonstrate how suppliers influence car manufacturers to deliver digital services to their customers. Finally, this study provides information that the combination of digital technologies with product-related services enables a stronger relationship between manufacturers and suppliers in the manufacturing ecosystem. These relations support the manufacturing ecosystem to survive the influence of different environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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31 pages, 3943 KiB  
Article
Interplay in Circular Economy Innovation, Business Model Innovation, SDGs, and Government Incentives: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistani, Malaysian, and Chinese SMEs
by Fazal Ur Rehman, Basheer M. Al-Ghazali and Mohamed Riyazi M. Farook
Sustainability 2022, 14(23), 15586; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315586 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2558
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effects of circular economy innovation and BMI (business model innovation) on SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) economic, environmental, and social performance along with the mediating role of government incentives in Pakistan, Malaysia, and China. Data were collected [...] Read more.
This study aims to examine the effects of circular economy innovation and BMI (business model innovation) on SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) economic, environmental, and social performance along with the mediating role of government incentives in Pakistan, Malaysia, and China. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire in online survey from the owners, CEO, and senior managers of SMEs in Pakistan, Malaysia, and China, and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results revealed that circular economy innovation and BMI have positive significant effects on SMEs economic, environmental, and social performance in Pakistan, Malaysia, and China. The study also found that government incentives have mediating effects on the relationship between circular economy innovation, BMI, and SMEs economic, environmental, and social performance in Pakistan, Malaysia, and China. This study provides interesting insights about SMEs economic, environmental, and social performance by evaluating the impacts of circular economy innovation, BMI, and amid mediation of government incentives. These useful insights will enable policy makers and practitioners to develop more effective strategies to enhance the economic, environmental, and social performance of SMEs. By reviewing the literature on circular economy innovation, BMI, and government incentives, the main contribution of this study is the evaluation and analysis of circular economy innovation, BMI, and government incentives as they affect SMEs economic, environmental, and social performance in Pakistan, Malaysia, and China. The theoretical and practical implications for academics and practitioners are displayed at the end of the study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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20 pages, 4684 KiB  
Article
Treatment of Industrial Wastewater in a Floating Treatment Wetland: A Case Study of Sialkot Tannery
by Adeel Younas, Love Kumar, Matthew J. Deitch, Sundus Saeed Qureshi, Jawad Shafiq, Sohail Ali Naqvi, Avinash Kumar, Arjmand Qayyum Amjad and Sabzoi Nizamuddin
Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 12854; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912854 - 9 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3550
Abstract
The city of Sialkot in Pakistan is a hub of leather tanneries, with approximately 260 tanneries in operation and, while producing millions of leather products per day, the city discharges millions of gallons of untreated effluent into drains each day. In order to [...] Read more.
The city of Sialkot in Pakistan is a hub of leather tanneries, with approximately 260 tanneries in operation and, while producing millions of leather products per day, the city discharges millions of gallons of untreated effluent into drains each day. In order to devise a cost-effective system for the treatment of tannery wastewater, a floating treatment wetland (FTW) was established to treat the effluent using local plant species through phytoremediation. The efficiency of the FTW was tested with three different plant species, each grown separately and operating for three months in the FTW tank. Two of the plant species introduced, water hyacinth and water lettuce, were floating and vascular; the third plant species Typha latifolia was vegetated on a floating mat of styrofoam while the roots extended down to the contaminated water. Wastewater from a tannery drain was pumped into the FTW tank with a flow of 0.5 L per minute and was given a retention time of six days. The influent and effluent from the FTW were periodically tested to determine the percentage removal of contaminants, primarily the total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and chromium. After two months with each species, a significant change in the quality of wastewater was measured: chromium was removed by up to 95 percent by the water hyacinth and water lettuce and 33 percent by the Typha latifolia. The pilot model indicates that FTWs are an effective system to treat effluent from tanneries in a cost-effective way as an alternative to establishing an expensive treatment system with high associated operational costs. It can help in achieving the circular economy concept of conventional wastewater schemes towards more sustainable ones. Moreover, to achieve the principles of circular economy and environmentally friendly development, it is crucial that the substances used for a wetland foundation have the capacity to be recycled, are available at a cheap price, and are locally available. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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22 pages, 2759 KiB  
Article
Integration of the Circular Economy Paradigm in Companies from the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula
by Maria Manuel Sá, Carla Oliveira-Silva, Manuel Paulo Cunha, Artur Gonçalves, Jesús Diez, Ines Méndez-Tovar and Eva Curto Izquierdo
Sustainability 2022, 14(13), 7940; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137940 - 29 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
Over recent decades, Circular Economy (CE) has become a major topic when organizations try to develop their business amid the constrains of resource limitation and the desire to reduce their environmental impact. This study’s main purpose is to assess the integration of CE [...] Read more.
Over recent decades, Circular Economy (CE) has become a major topic when organizations try to develop their business amid the constrains of resource limitation and the desire to reduce their environmental impact. This study’s main purpose is to assess the integration of CE practices in public and private organizations in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Through an online survey distributed to 294 companies from the cited region, we assessed their perceptions on CE, including such aspects as the area(s) it was integrated in, why, with what difficulties or what was necessary to accomplish it, and how the impact of the implemented CE practices was measured. Results showed that companies associate CE mostly with “resource optimization”. “Entity’s vision and mission” was the main strategic area where CE was implemented. The main motivation why entities/organizations embraced CE was “environmental reasons”, while “lack of information and guidance” and “lack of financial resources” represented the main obstacles to CE implementation. Non-parametrical statistical tests were used to compare the answers of three groups of people with different positions within the company/entity (manager, executive, and technician), as well as to compare the answers of two activity sectors (industry and services). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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19 pages, 593 KiB  
Article
Corporate Performance, Market-Industry Competition and Enterprise Environmental-Protection Investment
by Liu Yang, Junting Tan, Weiyi Xia, Zhaomei Chi, Han Qin, Quanxin Gan and Qin Yang
Sustainability 2022, 14(9), 5459; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095459 - 1 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2809
Abstract
Worldwide, many countries regard green as a keyword related to development, and investments into environmental protection are an important way for enterprises to achieve green development. Therefore, clarifying which factors influence enterprises to invest into environmental protection is very important. Starting from micro-enterprises [...] Read more.
Worldwide, many countries regard green as a keyword related to development, and investments into environmental protection are an important way for enterprises to achieve green development. Therefore, clarifying which factors influence enterprises to invest into environmental protection is very important. Starting from micro-enterprises and using the data from companies listed in China’s A-share manufacturing industry from 2008 to 2019, in this study, we empirically analyze the relationship between corporate performance (CP) and the scale of investments by enterprises into environmental protection (EI) and analyze the moderating effect of industry competition on the relationship between CP and EI. The result shows that (1) a positive correlation can be found between CP and EI; (2) fierce industry competition can increase the positive impact of CP on EI; and (3) compared with industries with non-heavy pollution, fierce industrial competition increases the positive impact of CP on EI in industries with heavy pollution. The research results show that performance is a key factor influencing enterprises’ decisions about investments into environmental protection, and industry competition can stimulate enterprises to invest into environmental protection. This study explores the internal and external factors influencing an organization to promote active behaviors of investing into environmental protection, provides a reference for enterprises to explore “win–win” paths, and provides a certain theoretical basis for the government to improve relevant regulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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19 pages, 1632 KiB  
Article
Measuring the Sustainable Entrepreneurial Performance of Textile-Based Small–Medium Enterprises: A Mediation–Moderation Model
by Sidney Mangenda Tshiaba, Nianxin Wang, Sheikh Farhan Ashraf, Mehrab Nazir and Nausheen Syed
Sustainability 2021, 13(19), 11050; https://doi.org/10.3390/su131911050 - 6 Oct 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3643
Abstract
This research aimed to examine the role of knowledge management practices in sustainable entrepreneurship performance. This study also investigated the relationships between six concepts: knowledge sharing behavior, innovative capacity, absorptive capacity, dynamic capability, opportunity recognition, and sustainable entrepreneurship. A self-administered questionnaire was used [...] Read more.
This research aimed to examine the role of knowledge management practices in sustainable entrepreneurship performance. This study also investigated the relationships between six concepts: knowledge sharing behavior, innovative capacity, absorptive capacity, dynamic capability, opportunity recognition, and sustainable entrepreneurship. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 486 entrepreneurs randomly selected from textile-based SMEs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The findings show that knowledge management practices positively and significantly impact sustainable entrepreneurship performance and SMEs’ dynamic capabilities. Moreover, opportunity recognition strengthens the relationship between SMEs’ dynamic capabilities and sustainable entrepreneurship performance. This study offers valuable insights and directions for researchers and practitioners interested in the field of entrepreneurship. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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Review

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27 pages, 3269 KiB  
Review
Synergies and Trade-Offs between Lean-Green Practices from the Perspective of Operations Strategy: A Systematic Literature Review
by Geandra Alves Queiroz, Ivete Delai, Alceu Gomes Alves Filho, Luis Antonio de Santa-Eulalia and Ana Lúcia Vitale Torkomian
Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 5296; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065296 - 16 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3444
Abstract
In the operations management and sustainability literature, the integration of Lean and Green manufacturing is considered one of the great solutions to balancing operational gains and environmental sustainability. This literature focuses mainly on the integration between them. However, there are no studies investigating [...] Read more.
In the operations management and sustainability literature, the integration of Lean and Green manufacturing is considered one of the great solutions to balancing operational gains and environmental sustainability. This literature focuses mainly on the integration between them. However, there are no studies investigating how this integration is related to the Operations Strategy content: competitive priorities and decision areas. Thus, this study aims to contribute to reducing this research gap by providing a more in-depth understanding of the relationships between Lean-Green practices from the point of view of the Operations Strategy. We identify synergies and potential trade-offs between competitive priorities and changes in decision areas when Lean-Green practices are implemented. We performed a systematic literature review to answer two questions: Does the implementation of Lean and Green practices affect operations’ competitive priorities, causing synergies or trade-offs? What decision area(s) are modified with the implementation of each practice? This systematic review analyzed 338 selected articles. Competitive priorities, decision areas, Lean practices, Green practices and Lean-Green practices were identified and discussed, highlighting trade-offs, synergies and changes in decision areas. The results suggest that Lean and Green are synergistic in most practices, but they must be managed according to the Operations Strategy, especially as their focuses are essentially different and trade-offs may occur. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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30 pages, 1772 KiB  
Review
Do We Consider Sustainability When We Measure Small and Medium Enterprises’ (SMEs’) Performance Passing through Digital Transformation?
by Isotilia Costa Melo, Paulo Nocera Alves Junior, Geandra Alves Queiroz, Wilfredo Yushimito and Jordi Pereira
Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4917; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064917 - 9 Mar 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5130
Abstract
Small-medium enterprises (SMEs) represent 90% of business globally. Digital Transformation (DT) affects SMEs differently from larger companies because although SMEs have more flexibility and agility for adapting to new circumstances, they also have more limited resources and specialization capabilities. Thus, it is fundamental [...] Read more.
Small-medium enterprises (SMEs) represent 90% of business globally. Digital Transformation (DT) affects SMEs differently from larger companies because although SMEs have more flexibility and agility for adapting to new circumstances, they also have more limited resources and specialization capabilities. Thus, it is fundamental to measure SMEs’ performance considering different perspectives. Here, we describe and analyze the state-of-the-art of DT in SMEs, focusing on performance measurement. We center on whether the tools used by SMEs encompass the triple bottom line of sustainability (i.e., environmental, social, and economic aspects). To do so, in December 2021, we performed a comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) on the Web of Science and Scopus. In addition, we also explored a novel approach for SLR: topic modeling with a machine learning technique (Latent Dirichlet Allocation). The differences and interchangeability of both methods are discussed. The findings show that sustainability is treated as a separate topic in the literature. The social and environmental aspects are the most neglected. This paper contributes to sustainable development goals (SDGs) 1, 5, 8, 9, 10, and 12. A conceptual framework and future research directions are proposed. Thus, this paper is also valuable for policymakers and SMEs switching their production paradigm toward sustainability and DT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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27 pages, 3743 KiB  
Review
Circular Economy Performance Measurement in Manufacturing Firms: A Systematic Literature Review with Insights for Small and Medium Enterprises and New Adopters
by Marta Negri, Alessandra Neri, Enrico Cagno and Gabriele Monfardini
Sustainability 2021, 13(16), 9049; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169049 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 4860
Abstract
The circular economy is a central and increasingly important topic within managerial and academic discourse. Although the circular economy could bring benefits to their performance, manufacturing firms still struggle with its adoption. As an effective adoption should pass for adequate performance measurement, the [...] Read more.
The circular economy is a central and increasingly important topic within managerial and academic discourse. Although the circular economy could bring benefits to their performance, manufacturing firms still struggle with its adoption. As an effective adoption should pass for adequate performance measurement, the present study performs a systematic literature review to deepen the knowledge of circular economy performance-measurement systems for manufacturing firms, both from a general perspective and to provide specific insights for small–medium enterprises and new adopters. The results show the lack of an integrated, holistic, and scalable framework for measuring circular economy performance, and only a few and dispersed specific indications for small–medium enterprises and new adopters. Shortcomings of the extant literature are identified in terms of integration of the circular economy’s level, theoretical development and empirical application, characteristics of the indicators proposed, considerations of sustainability, holistic perspectives on industrial systems, and scalability to adapt to firms’ different characteristics. The study paves the way for further research while offering theoretical and practical implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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18 pages, 18847 KiB  
Review
Synergy between Circular Economy and Industry 4.0: A Literature Review
by Carlos Andrés Tavera Romero, Diego F. Castro, Jesús Hamilton Ortiz, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf and Miguel A. Vargas
Sustainability 2021, 13(8), 4331; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084331 - 13 Apr 2021
Cited by 83 | Viewed by 8362
Abstract
Recent research has shown that there is a correlation between the circular economy (CE) and Industry 4.0 (I4.0). In addition, other research papers have analyzed the way that CE uses the different I4.0 technologies to transfer from the existing linear economy to CE; [...] Read more.
Recent research has shown that there is a correlation between the circular economy (CE) and Industry 4.0 (I4.0). In addition, other research papers have analyzed the way that CE uses the different I4.0 technologies to transfer from the existing linear economy to CE; however, there are still gaps in the literature regarding the challenges and impacts that society and individuals must face to be ready for the transition from a linear to a circular economy. These challenges seek to guarantee the sustainability and sustainable development of the different business models that mobilize products and services through supply chains. Here, we conducted a review and compilation of the latest bibliography of circular economy and Industry 4.0 theory. The objective of this work is to present the evolutionary relationship between CE and I4.0, as well as its multi-step model of analysis. This research is relevant because its topics are timely and pertinent, especially for academics. Further, at the time that this research was performed, none of the countries were concerned about the impact that technological changes have on the human being and on society, and up to now we do not currently have studies that show how people are being trained to face the transition from the linear economy, which is common in most societies, toward a CE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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26 pages, 1807 KiB  
Review
A Systematic Literature Review on Data and Information Required for Circular Manufacturing Strategies Adoption
by Federica Acerbi, Claudio Sassanelli, Sergio Terzi and Marco Taisch
Sustainability 2021, 13(4), 2047; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042047 - 14 Feb 2021
Cited by 78 | Viewed by 6236
Abstract
In the extant literature, circular economy (CE) is considered a driver for sustainable development of the manufacturing sector, being it an industrial paradigm aiming at regenerating resources. CE is transferred to manufacturing companies through the adoption of different Circular Manufacturing (CM) strategies (e.g., [...] Read more.
In the extant literature, circular economy (CE) is considered a driver for sustainable development of the manufacturing sector, being it an industrial paradigm aiming at regenerating resources. CE is transferred to manufacturing companies through the adoption of different Circular Manufacturing (CM) strategies (e.g., recycling, remanufacturing, etc.). Nowadays, manufacturers are struggling to implement these strategies to limit their resource consumption and pollution generation. To enable their adoption, the extant literature unveiled the importance to control along the entire value chain different types of resource flows (i.e., material, energy, and information). Nevertheless, while for material and energy management some advancements were achieved, information management and sharing remains one of the major barriers in adopting these strategies. The present work, through a systematic literature review, aims to identify the relevant information and data required to support the manufacturer’s decision process in adopting and managing the different CM strategies to pursue the transition towards CM. Furthermore, based on the results obtained, this research proposes a theoretical framework. It elucidates the four main areas to be managed by manufacturers in adopting CM strategies and it provides to the manufacturer an overview of what should be updated and upgraded inside the company to embrace CM strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy and Sustainable Business Performance Management)
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