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A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2020) | Viewed by 43417

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Anna Góral

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Institute of Culture of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
Interests: cultural ecosystems; diversity management; culture and emancipation; leadership in culture; cross-sectoral cooperation; community studies

Dr. Małgorzata Ćwikła

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Institute of Culture of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
Interests: project management, cultural projects, projectification, future of work, performing arts, research methodology

Dr. hab. Ewa Bogacz-Wojtanowska

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Institute of Public Affairs of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
Interests: diversity management; cross-sectoral cooperation; community studies; public and nonprofit management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Culture is regarded as one of four pillars of sustainable development, alongside other social domains: ecology, economics, and politics. As it is a pillar of sustainable development, three main functions of culture are considered. In the first one, which can be called “culture in sustainable development”, it plays the supporting and self-regulating role in the environment it co-creates and by being part of it has to adapt to changes that are constantly happening around; it is a natural capital that should be protected and distributed evenly among generations. In this regard, as the fourth pillar of sustainable development, culture is tangible, material and functionally-oriented. Within its second function, as “culture for sustainable development”, it has both a material and intangible dimension, and it constitutes the framework, the context, and the counterbalance for the remaining three pillars of sustainable development. In this context, culture is responsible for initiating various processes in its environment and creating the future. Finally, the third function, “culture as sustainable development”, is where culture constitutes the foundation of sustainable development which coordinates and integrates activities within this area, or rather the intangible dimension referring to the basic principles, beliefs, and values.

In this context, in this Special Issue, we would like to ask ourselves the question of how to manage culture in order to strengthen its role in sustainable development. We intend to focus on a conceptual as well as practical perspective on cultural management and to show what kind of implications sustainable development has in this field. We are also interested in the reverse point of view: how culture management may contribute to sustainable development. Our goal is to consider if culture management can create a unique agency for sustainability and what changes are introduced to cultural organizations of different kinds (public, private, NGOs) to answer to pressures from the environment. It is worth underlying that we see culture management as a phenomenon mirroring contemporary organizational processes, such as projectification, digitalization or flexible working conditions.

For this Special issue, we will consider research papers of empirical and conceptual nature based on modern methodological approaches as well as reviews. We also invite scholars willing to share case studies to submit their papers.

Dr. Anna Góral
Dr. Małgorzata Ćwikła
Dr. hab. Ewa Bogacz-Wojtanowska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

Cultural ecosystems
Cultural organizations
Cultural sustainability
Culture for sustainable management
Culture management
Ecology of culture
Responsible management

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Published Papers (10 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 5146 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Return to Europe or the Return to Solidarity? Gdańsk Shipyard—Case Study in Organizational Culture

by Grażyna Prawelska-Skrzypek and Agata Morgan

Sustainability 2020, 12(17), 7032; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177032 - 28 Aug 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2700

Abstract

Objective: This paper is an attempt to give an analysis of the cultural impact of “Solidarity” on Polish organizational culture, and the process of substituting that message for an alternative one—neoliberal organizational culture. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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24 pages, 363 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Project-Based Work and Sustainable Development—A Comparative Case Study of Cultural Animation Projects

by Małgorzata Ćwikła, Anna Góral, Ewa Bogacz-Wojtanowska and Magdalena Dudkiewicz

Sustainability 2020, 12(16), 6519; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166519 - 12 Aug 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3252

Abstract

Currently, a growing interest in the issues related to sustainable development can be observed, with the role of culture in stimulating this development increasing simultaneously. Nevertheless, the function and meanings of culture for sustainable development, as well as culture in the context of sustainable development, have so far remained under-emphasised and under-theorised. For this reason, in this paper we will look at practical examples of culture and sustainable development combined. The undertaken research problem explores the project-based work in the field of cultural animation, and its impact on the pursuit of the objectives of sustainable development at the local level. Two case studies of Polish organisations involved in cultural animation activities have been analysed herein. Based on the research results, we showed that cultural animation is an important tool for enabling local communities to achieve sustainable development. What is also important is the fact that cultural animation activities often take the form of project-based work, which significantly affects the methodology and extent of their implementation. Therefore, in this article we also point to the relationship between the management of animation projects and the idea of sustainable development, emphasising both advantages and disadvantages thereof. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

12 pages, 242 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Promotion of Polish Cinema Abroad as an Element of Nation Branding. Case Study of “Cold War” (2018) by Pawel Pawlikowski

by Agnieszka Hess and Joanna Najbor

Sustainability 2020, 12(14), 5621; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145621 - 13 Jul 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3157

Abstract

The subject of this article is nation branding in the culture market, namely the role cinematography plays in creating a nation brand. Sustainability and sustainable development in the film industry is conditioned by variety in cultural promotion channels. The aim of the authors is to prove that appropriately organised cinematography promotion abroad can positively influence the image of a given country. The first section deals with the relationship between media and sustainable development, as well as with theoretical definitions of branding and the nation brand. Subsequently, cinematography in the context of branding is discussed. The core of this work is a case study of film promotion abroad from the institutional perspective of the Polish Film Institute. The promotional strategy for “Cold War” (2018) directed by Paweł Pawlikowski has been analysed, as this motion picture is considered one of the biggest successes of post-1989 Polish cinematography. Factors positively influencing its popularity were analysed alongside their influence on the general perception of Polish cinema abroad. Based on the results of empirical studies, the authors present their discussion of the functional state and the role of Polish cinematography on the global circuit, as well as attempt to verify its importance in relation to sustainability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

14 pages, 325 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Reduced Value Added Tax (VAT) Rate on Books as a Tool of Indirect Public Funding in the Cultural Sector

by Katarzyna Kopeć

Sustainability 2020, 12(14), 5590; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145590 - 11 Jul 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4115

Abstract

The article concentrates on the relationship between reduced value added tax (VAT) rate on books and readership level as a projected goal in cultural policy. To figure out this complex link, the paper explores the contribution of public management and economy to this knowledge to uncover the potential of following assumptions: (1) Reduced VAT rate results in the fall in book prices for consumers; (2) lower book prices stimulate the demand for books; (3) higher consumption of books (book purchase) is reflected in a higher level of readership. Indirect funding is very often worth more (quantitatively) than a direct mode of subsidizing. Indirect instruments, including VAT reduction, are not always the simplest way towards a cultural policy target. Despite great potential as an indirect funding tool, the VAT reduction requires a high-quality ex-ante assessment, and mid-term evaluation to verify the effectiveness and consequences of using VAT as a tax exemption in the cultural policy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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15 pages, 4618 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Promoting Sustainable Development of Cultural Assets by Improving Users’ Perception through Space Configuration; Case Study: The Industrial Heritage Site

by Hassan Bazazzadeh, Adam Nadolny, Koorosh Attarian, Behnaz Safar ali najar and Seyedeh sara Hashemi safaei

Sustainability 2020, 12(12), 5109; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125109 - 23 Jun 2020

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4858

Abstract

The role of the cultural assets as one of the pillars of sustainable development is undeniably of great significance in the cultural sustainability of cities. Indeed, the way users understand and interpret cultural heritage sites would be highly critical to managing cultural organizations properly. It means by improving users’ perception of these sites, it can expect a fair distribution of comprehensive awareness among generations about the values of cultural assets. Past studies in spatial psychology have demonstrated that environmental properties can positively Influence human emotions. On the other hand, using computational–mathematical methods used to examine spatio-visual properties have rarely been compared to human perceptions. This paper examines the impact of spatio-visual properties on human perception as a clever cultural management strategy to promote cultural sustainability. It is discussed how environmental features in general, and visibility in particular, can shape the way users interpret cultural heritage. Results indicate that not only visibility of users’ paths within cultural heritage sites can be an influential factor for the development of users’ perception, but also the visibility of the entrance of these complexes can change their understanding. This means that decision-makers, architects, and managers of the cultural organizations can apply these findings as cultural management framework by defining predefined paths in these sites in the way that they possess high visibility and visible entrance. Consequently, the distribution of public awareness among generations can be improved to strengthen the role of cultural aspects in sustainable development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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19 pages, 2204 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Management of Postindustrial Heritage in Urban Revitalization Processes

by Agnieszka Konior and Weronika Pokojska

Sustainability 2020, 12(12), 5034; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125034 - 19 Jun 2020

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4309

Abstract

The paper presents the results of original research on the use of heritage in revitalization processes. The study was conducted on selected postindustrial areas in Poland. The analysis is based on research conducted mainly with qualitative methods, including desk research, field query, participating observation, and in-depth interviews with selected stakeholders of postindustrial heritage. The purpose of the article is to indicate that cultural heritage is used in the regeneration processes of postindustrial areas. We prove that cultural heritage is not a separate category present in the revitalization process, but it is visible in spatial, social, and economic aspects of this process. To illustrate this, we provide numerous examples that we identified during research. In summary, we present the benefits of using cultural heritage in the revitalization process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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16 pages, 538 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sustainability Living Labs as a Methodological Approach to Research on the Cultural Drivers of Sustainable Development

by Grzegorz Baran and Aleksandra Berkowicz

Sustainability 2020, 12(12), 4835; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124835 - 13 Jun 2020

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3744

Abstract

Given that culture-driven processes cannot be researched and designed if taken out from the real-life environment, an appropriate methodology to study the impact of culture on sustainable development is needed. The aim of the research was to develop a model of a sustainability living lab as a methodological approach based on the living lab concept and its capabilities to study the cultural drivers of sustainable development. The research was carried out with use of the conceptual research framework based on analyzing existing knowledge on cognitive processes within living laboratories and their interpretation in the light of the relationship between culture and sustainable development. First, the results of the analysis of sustainability cultural drivers and the living lab concept are presented, which constitute the research framework of the study. Then, the main contribution as a novel theoretical concept of sustainability living lab is elaborated and discussed. The novelty of this approach to research on the cultural drivers of sustainable development is based on linking together in a coherent model the consequences of the dual nature of culture and the arguments for conducting such research beyond the limitations of closed laboratories towards the highly dynamic environment of real life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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23 pages, 608 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Conceptual Model Proposal: Universities as Culture Change Agents for Sustainable Development

by Małgorzata Dzimińska, Justyna Fijałkowska and Łukasz Sułkowski

Sustainability 2020, 12(11), 4635; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114635 - 5 Jun 2020

Cited by 42 | Viewed by 8971

Abstract

This paper aims to propose a conceptual model that synthesizes the existing findings concerning universities as culture change agents for sustainable development. The model could serve as a guidance on how universities might get involved in the pro-SD activities. It also underlines the prerequisite of the quality culture that should be introduced within all the activities of universities to successfully act as culture change agents for SD. This paper builds upon the holistic and inter-disciplinary approach to demonstrate that SD does not happen in isolation and that the role of universities in its creation is significant. This study includes a literature review to contextualize the impact of universities on culture and their potential role in SD. The conclusions stemming from the literature review materialize in the proposal of the conceptual model of the university as the culture change agent for SD. The elaborated framework responds to the need for greater clarity, ordering and systematization of the role of universities in the processes of initiating, promoting and modelling the SD-oriented changes while appreciating the role of culture as an enabler, means of social change and a result of SD-focused interventions. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge by offering a novel perspective on the assumed interrelations between university, its quality culture, university main operations such as education, research and engagement with the society as well as the culture and the agency of stakeholders in the context of meeting the world’s current demands without compromising the needs of future generations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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23 pages, 1319 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Copyright Management by Contemporary Art Exhibition Institutions in Poland: Case Study of the Zachęta National Gallery of Art

by Anna Pluszyńska

Sustainability 2020, 12(11), 4498; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114498 - 2 Jun 2020

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3819

Abstract

The mission of cultural institutions is the expression of sustainable development, which assumes a specific social order based on respect for the right of access to culture and care for the common good which is cultural heritage, in order to preserve it for future generations. To best implement its social mission, the essence of museum activities is not only collecting resources but also promoting the collection. In addition, promotion in accordance with the principle of openness and the conviction that cultural heritage is a common good, which is why it should be available to the widest possible public. Copyright in artworks often stands in the way of implementing an open approach to the dissemination of collections. Contemporary museums and galleries of art are in a special situation; their collections are not yet in the public domain, and so they cannot be freely distributed. The undertaken research problem explores how cultural institutions in Poland manage the copyright of collections in order to carry out their mission in a sustainable way. In this context, copyright is treated as an important intangible resource of a cultural institution. The case study was used as the research strategy in order to understand the subject. Activities implemented at the Zachęta National Gallery of Art in Warsaw were described. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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22 pages, 4590 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Behavioral Pattern of Chinese Public Cultural Participation in Museums

by Wende Wang, Mozhuang Fu and Qingwu Hu

Sustainability 2020, 12(7), 2890; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072890 - 5 Apr 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3534

Abstract

Studying the cultural participation model of the public and its influencing factors is important for the sustainable development of regional culture. Therefore, in this study, we determined which factors influence the cultural participation of the Chinese public. Firstly, we extracted the key features of the motivation and timing for a museum visit with multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), and explored the relationship of the features of different motivations with the frequency and duration of the public’s visits to the museum. Secondly, we determined the monotonicity of the influence of ordinal variables on cultural participation behavior and identified the mechanism through which the independent variable influences public cultural participation with categorical regression (CATREG). Finally, we analyzed the research data from the museum audience survey in the Hubei Provincial Museum and a national public culture participation survey. We found that education, occupation, academic discipline, income, distance, age, and sex affect the public’s museum participation. This indicates that to guarantee the public’s cultural rights and promote sustainable development, education, planning, and other aspects must be coordinated in cultural management to increase public cultural participation, rather than removing the economic threshold for public cultural participation through public finances alone. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Culture Management and Sustainable Development)

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