Toxico-Pathological Interactions in Animals and Human

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecotoxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 2210

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
INRAE (Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement), Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, UR 406 A&E, CS 40509, CEDEX 9, 84914 Avignon, France
Interests: ecotoxicology; toxicology; honey bee; physiology; biochemistry; cell biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Organisms are frequently exposed to chemicals of various natures and origins. These substances may elicit lethal effects and adverse sublethal behavioral and physiological effects at different exposure levels. However, in the environment, organisms are not exposed to a single substance but to combinations of substances, including pollutants, drugs and natural exogenous substances, that can induce additive, synergistic and antagonistic interactions. In addition to toxicants, organisms are also exposed to ancestral companions, the infectious agents, whose action depends not only on their intrinsic biology but also on the physiological state of the host that may be impaired by stresses of different natures. Thus, when combined, chemicals and infectious agents are likely to act together to produce toxico-pathological interactions that could be deleterious to the host.

The studies on toxico-pathological interactions are of particular concern because they can occur at low noise in which each stressor alone does not induce observed effects. In addition, although organisms may be exposed simultaneously to chemicals and infectious agents, sequential exposure may occur and lead to the sensitization of an organism to pathogens by chemicals and the sensitization of organisms to chemicals by pathogens.

In the frame of this Special Issue, we are pleased to invite you to submit manuscripts dealing with studies on the toxico-pathological interactions between two types of stressors, chemicals and infectious agents.

This Special Issue aims at selecting studies that enables demonstrating the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms through whichever way they act and at understanding how chemicals may induce their adverse effects.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. The research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Effects of simultaneous exposures to stressors;
  • Effects of sequential exposures to stressors that enable evidencing the sensitization of the organisms to one stressor by another stressor;
  • Action of chemicals on the efficacity of drugs towards pathogenic agents. The demonstration of any type of effects (additive, synergistic or antagonistic) will be considered along will mechanistic studies.

The submitted studies can be distributed in three main topics:

  • Toxico-pathological interactions in terrestrial invertebrates: Although all research subjects are of interest, studies on the effects of pesticides on insects (particularly pollinators) and soil organisms will be the object of a special attention;
  • Toxico-pathological interactions in aquatic organisms;
  • Toxico-pathological interactions in terrestrial/aerial vertebrates. This topic includes research on mammals and animal models for human pathologies.

We look forward to receiving your contribution.

Dr. Luc P. Belzunces
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chemicals
  • pollutants
  • pesticides
  • drugs
  • pathogens
  • infectious agents
  • vertebrates
  • invertebrates
  • cocktail effect
  • adverse interactions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 2255 KiB  
Article
Toxicity of Orthodontic Brackets Examined by Single Cell Tracking
by Morgan Wishney, Swarna Mahadevan, James Anthony Cornwell, Tom Savage, Nick Proschogo, M. Ali Darendeliler and Hans Zoellner
Toxics 2022, 10(8), 460; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10080460 - 8 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1759
Abstract
Subtle toxic effects may be masked in traditional assays that average or summate the response of thousands of cells. We overcome this by using the recent method of single cell tracking in time-lapse recordings. This follows the fate and behavior of individual cells [...] Read more.
Subtle toxic effects may be masked in traditional assays that average or summate the response of thousands of cells. We overcome this by using the recent method of single cell tracking in time-lapse recordings. This follows the fate and behavior of individual cells and their progeny and provides unambiguous results for multiple simultaneous biological responses. Further, single cell tracking permits correlation between progeny relationships and cell behavior that is not otherwise possible, including disruption by toxins and toxicants of similarity between paired sister cells. Notably, single cell tracking seems not to have been previously used to study biomaterials toxicity. The culture medium was pre-conditioned by 79 days incubation with orthodontic brackets from seven separate commercial sources. Metal levels were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Metal levels varied amongst conditioned media, with elevated Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cu and often Mo, Pb, Zn, Pd, and Ag were occasionally found. The effect on human dermal fibroblasts was determined by single cell tracking. All bracket-conditioned media reduced cell division (p < 0.05), while some reduced cell migration (p < 0.05). Most bracket-conditioned media increased the rate of asynchronous sister cell division (p < 0.05), a seemingly novel measure for toxicity. No clear effect on cell morphology was seen. We conclude that orthodontic brackets have cytotoxic effects, and that single cell tracking is effective for the study of subtle biomaterials cytotoxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxico-Pathological Interactions in Animals and Human)
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