Universal Influenza Vaccines for Humans and Animals

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Immunology, Vaccines, and Antivirals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 1919

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
Interests: influenza viruses; emerging viruses; interspecies transmission of viral pathogens; virus entry and replication; virus host-range; virus ecology and evolution
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics highlight the major public health burden of influenza virus infections in the human population. In addition, influenza outbreaks in a wide range of animal species present a threat to domestic and wild animal well-being and food security. Vaccination is universally accepted as the most effective way to prevent influenza infections. However, the ever-changing nature of these viruses, which mutate through antigenic drift and/or shift, results in escape from earlier immune responses and the need for vaccine reformulation and re-vaccination. Universal vaccine efforts tackling these challenges attempt to improve the strength and/or breadth of the immune response. Outstanding questions include how different vaccines modulate mucosal, humoral and cellular responses, the duration of immunity after vaccination, quality and/or quantity of protective immune responses and the establishment of methods to better understand correlates of protection. This Special Issue is dedicated to novel and/or improved vaccine technologies, manufacturing tools and alternative methods to measuring immune responses to establish more effective universal vaccines and universal platforms to prevent influenza infections in humans and animals. I encourage you to take advantage of this opportunity to highlight your influenza vaccine research.

Dr. Daniel R Perez
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • influenza
  • universal vaccine
  • correlates of protection
  • adjuvant
  • mass vaccination
  • intranasal vaccine inactivated vaccine
  • orthomyxovirus
  • seasonal influenza
  • pandemic influenza
  • highly pathogenic avian influenza
  • swine influenza
  • equine influenza
  • canine influenza
  • avian influenza
  • influenza host range

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2178 KiB  
Article
A Single-Step Method for Harvesting Influenza Viral Particles from MDCK Cell Culture Supernatant with High Yield and Effective Impurity Removal
by Sixu Liu, Jingqi Li, Qingtian Cheng, Kangyi Duan, Zhan Wang, Shuang Yan, Shuaishuai Tian, Hairui Wang, Shaobin Wu, Xinkui Lei, Yu Yang and Ningning Ma
Viruses 2024, 16(5), 768; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050768 - 13 May 2024
Viewed by 1669
Abstract
Influenza vaccines, which are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), are the most effective preventive measure against influenza virus infection. Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture is an emerging technology used to produce influenza vaccines. One challenge when purifying influenza vaccines using [...] Read more.
Influenza vaccines, which are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), are the most effective preventive measure against influenza virus infection. Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture is an emerging technology used to produce influenza vaccines. One challenge when purifying influenza vaccines using this cell culture system is to efficiently remove impurities, especially host cell double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and host cell proteins (HCPs), for safety assurance. In this study, we optimized ion-exchange chromatography methods to harvest influenza viruses from an MDCK cell culture broth, the first step in influenza vaccine purification. Bind/elute was chosen as the mode of operation for simplicity. The anion-exchange Q chromatography method was able to efficiently remove dsDNA and HCPs, but the recovery rate for influenza viruses was low. However, the cation-exchange SP process was able to simultaneously achieve high dsDNA and HCP removal and high influenza virus recovery. For the SP process to work, the clarified cell culture broth needed to be diluted to reduce its ionic strength, and the optimal dilution rate was determined to be 1:2 with purified water. The SP process yielded a virus recovery rate exceeding 90%, as measured using a hemagglutination units (HAUs) assay, with removal efficiencies over 97% for HCPs and over 99% for dsDNA. Furthermore, the general applicability of the SP chromatography method was demonstrated with seven strains of influenza viruses recommended for seasonal influenza vaccine production, including H1N1, H3N2, B (Victoria), and B (Yamagata) strains, indicating that the SP process could be utilized as a platform process. The SP process developed in this study showed four advantages: (1) simple operation, (2) a high recovery rate for influenza viruses, (3) a high removal rate for major impurities, and (4) general applicability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Universal Influenza Vaccines for Humans and Animals)
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