Enteroviruses: Respiratory and Nervous System Infections

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Virology and Viral Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 1225

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
Interests: enteroviruses; pathogenesis; rhinovirus; antibodies; neurotropism; neurovirulence; neuroinvasion; viremia; replication; receptors

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
Interests: poliovirus; neurovirulence; receptors; innate immunity; enterovirus; rhinovirus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Enteroviruses are nonenveloped particles, with a single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity. This virus genus includes over 350 different, including poliovirus, echoviruses, rhinoviruses and Coxsackieviruses. Enteroviruses are common human pathogens, and infection can result in a spectrum of serious illnesses, including acute flaccid myelitis, severe respiratory complications, and hand, foot and mouth disease. Viruses of this genus share significant genetic similarity that can result in cross-reactivity, obscuring the use of serosurveys for surveillance. Despite more than 100 years of studying poliovirus, many unanswered questions remain about the members of this genus, including the cell molecules that mediate virus entry and genome release, replication, mechanisms of intra- and inter-species recombination, virion assembly, the cellular and humoral responses elicited against their infection, durability of the antiviral immune responses, primary sites of infection, mechanisms of dissemination throughout the host and host gene products that modulate disease severity.

Dr. Amy B. Rosenfeld
Prof. Dr. Vincent R. Racaniello
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • enteroviruses
  • pathogenesis
  • biology
  • antibodies
  • neurotropism
  • neurovirulence
  • neuroinvasion
  • viremia
  • replication
  • receptors
  • rhinovirus
  • innate immunity
  • poliovirus

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 7728 KiB  
Article
Genetic Diversity and Epidemiology of Enteroviruses and Rhinoviruses in Children Hospitalized with Acute Respiratory Infections in Novosibirsk, Russia (2023–2024)
by Alina R. Nokhova, Tereza A. Saroyan, Mariya V. Solomatina, Tatyana A. Gutova, Anastasiya A. Derko, Nikita A. Dubovitskiy, Tatyana A. Murashkina, Kirill A. Sharshov, Alexander M. Shestopalov and Olga G. Kurskaya
Viruses 2024, 16(12), 1924; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16121924 - 16 Dec 2024
Viewed by 667
Abstract
Rhinoviruses and respiratory enteroviruses remain among the leading causes of acute respiratory infections, particularly in children. Little is known about the genetic diversity of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in Russia. We assessed the prevalence of human rhinoviruses/enteroviruses [...] Read more.
Rhinoviruses and respiratory enteroviruses remain among the leading causes of acute respiratory infections, particularly in children. Little is known about the genetic diversity of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in Russia. We assessed the prevalence of human rhinoviruses/enteroviruses (HRV/EV) in 1992 children aged 0 to 17 years hospitalized with acute respiratory infections during the 2023–2024 epidemic season using PCR. The detection rate of HRV/EV was 11% (220/1992). We performed typing of 58 HRV and 28 EV viruses by partial sequencing of the VP1 gene. Rhinovirus A was the most common among HRV, followed by rhinovirus C; rhinovirus B was detected in only three cases. Enteroviruses were represented by all four species, with the EV-D68 genotype being the most frequently detected. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 fragment of EV-D68 showed that all our sequences belonged to the B3 subclade. We identified the first case of EV-C105 infection in Russia in a two-year-old girl hospitalized with pneumonia. Phylogenetically, the Novosibirsk strain EV-C105 was closely related to a strain discovered in France in 2018. This research helped to fill a critical gap in understanding the epidemiological landscape of HRV/EV in pediatric populations within Russia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enteroviruses: Respiratory and Nervous System Infections)
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