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Agriculture
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Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture
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Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecosystem, Environment and Climate Change in Agriculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2023) | Viewed by 19038

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andreas Meyer-Aurich

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Technology Assessment and Substance Cycles, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
Interests: GHG mitigation in agriculture; methane; nitrous oxide; carbon sequestration; carbon dioxide; bioenergy; biochar
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Agriculture may make a significant contribution to the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), even though its direct contribution to the overall greenhouse gas emissions is limited. Its impact can be attributed to complex interactions of the involved systems and the possibility of both mitigating and offsetting emissions by carbon sequestration or bioenergy production. The analysis of the potential of GHG mitigation options in agriculture requires a good understanding of the biophysical processes of GHG emissions from agricultural sources and a solid understanding of the agricultural systems. The most prominent GHGs from agriculture are nitrous oxide originating from soil transformations and methane emissions from animal husbandry. Furthermore, carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in the cultivation of organic soils. Even though extended knowledge about the processes involved is available, many interactions deserve further investigation due to their being able to exploit the GHG mitigation potential of agriculture. To date, farmers have often had no incentive to include GHG-mitigating farming practices in their farm operations unless specific incentives are set for sustainable GHG-mitigating farming practices. For the detection of cost-efficient GHG mitigation strategies in agriculture, more insights into the complex interactions of agricultural systems with GHG mitigation are necessary. I encourage authors to contribute to this Special Issue with analyses that take into account the complexity of this issue and help to identify the GHG mitigation potential of agriculture at various scales.

Dr. Andreas Meyer-Aurich
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • GHG mitigation in agriculture
  • methane
  • nitrous oxide
  • carbon sequestration
  • carbon dioxide
  • bioenergy
  • biochar

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 342 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cymbopogon citratus on Enteric Methane Emission, Nutrients Digestibility, and Energy Partition in Growing Beef Cattle
by María Fernanda Vázquez-Carrillo, Reynaldo Zaragoza-Guerrero, Luis Corona-Gochi, Manuel González-Ronquillo, Epigmenio Castillo-Gallegos and Octavio Alonso Castelán-Ortega
Agriculture 2023, 13(4), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13040745 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1957
Abstract
Methane production is a waste of energy for ruminants and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-methanogenic effect of increasing the supplementation levels of Cymbopogon citratus (CC) on the dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, [...] Read more.
Methane production is a waste of energy for ruminants and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-methanogenic effect of increasing the supplementation levels of Cymbopogon citratus (CC) on the dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, methane (CH4) production, and partitioning of the gross energy intake in growing beef heifers fed with a diet high in forage (68.6% forage: 31.4% concentrate). An experiment was conducted using Holstein × Charolais heifers distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The experimental treatments were: (1) control diet (CO), (2) CO + 30 g CC DM/d, (3) CO + 60 g CC DM/d CC, and (4) CO + 90 g CC DM/d. A reduction of 22.4% in methane yield (CH4 g/kg DMI) and a reduction of 21.2% in the Ym factor was observed with the 30 CC treatment (p ≤ 0.05). However, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for the total daily CH4 production, DMI, nutrient digestibility, and gross energy intake partitioning in the heifers. Therefore, we concluded that the supplementation of 30 g CC DM/d reduced the CH4 yield without affecting the animal performance. However, the anti-methanogenic properties of Cymbopogon citratus deserve more investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture)
19 pages, 5601 KiB  
Article
Coupling Coordination and Spatiotemporal Dynamic Evolution between Agricultural Carbon Emissions and Agricultural Modernization in China 2010–2020
by Mengyao Xia, Di Zeng, Qi Huang and Xinjian Chen
Agriculture 2022, 12(11), 1809; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12111809 - 30 Oct 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2585
Abstract
Modern agriculture contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. How to reduce such emissions without sacrificing agricultural development is a common issue concerning most developing countries. In China, a rural revitalization strategy proposed in 2018 aims to achieve agricultural modernization by 2050, while reaching [...] Read more.
Modern agriculture contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. How to reduce such emissions without sacrificing agricultural development is a common issue concerning most developing countries. In China, a rural revitalization strategy proposed in 2018 aims to achieve agricultural modernization by 2050, while reaching a carbon emission peak by 2030 and neutrality by 2060. However, China’s progress towards these goals is largely unknown. This study evaluates the coupling coordination and spatiotemporal dynamic evolution between agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural modernization in China from 2010 to 2020 through a joint employment of spatial autocorrelation and coupling coordination degree modeling. The results show that from 2010 to 2020, the agricultural modernization level increased from 0.155 to 0.272, and the agricultural carbon emission intensity decreased from 4.9 tons per 10 thousand CNY to 2.43 tons. Agricultural carbon emissions and the agricultural modernization level manifest significant spatially agglomerative patterns with noticeable discrepancies across different regions. Moreover, the coupling coordination degree between agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural modernization has increased every year, but disparities among provinces continued to widen. Specifically, coupling coordination in northern China is significantly higher than that in the south, and its spatial distribution exhibits a positive correlation and increasing levels of clustering. These results point to the continued need for sustainable agricultural development efforts, such as strengthening rural infrastructure and diffusing green technologies in achieving China’s dual carbon emission and agricultural modernization goals. This study also examines the sustainable agricultural development issue from a new perspective, and the findings can provide policy references for sustainable agricultural development policies in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture)
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13 pages, 2079 KiB  
Article
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Costs of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer
by Andreas Meyer-Aurich and Yusuf Nadi Karatay
Agriculture 2022, 12(9), 1438; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091438 - 10 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2208
Abstract
The reduction of nitrogen (N) fertilizer use is a possible greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation option, whereas cost estimation highly depends on assumptions of the yield response function. This paper analyzes the potential and range of GHG mitigation costs with reduced N fertilizer application [...] Read more.
The reduction of nitrogen (N) fertilizer use is a possible greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation option, whereas cost estimation highly depends on assumptions of the yield response function. This paper analyzes the potential and range of GHG mitigation costs with reduced N fertilizer application based on empirical yield response data for winter rye (Secale cereale L.) and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) from field experiments from 2013 to 2020 in Brandenburg, Germany. The field experiments included four to five N rates as mineral fertilizer treatments. Three different functional forms (linear-plateau, quadratic, and quadratic-plateau) were estimated to model yield response as a function of N supply. Economic calculations were based on relevant price–cost ratios. The results indicate that the opportunity costs of applying less fertilizer and the resulting GHG mitigation thereof vary in a great range across the years and crops estimated by different yield response functions. The linear-plateau function predominantly results in lower GHG mitigation costs than the quadratic and the quadratic-plateau function. On average, over eight years, a moderate reduction of N fertilizer (up to 20 kg/ha) offers a cost-efficient option for mitigating GHG emissions below EUR 50 per ton of CO2eq, even resulting in net profit gain in some cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture)
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20 pages, 1759 KiB  
Article
Effect of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices on Climate Change Adaptation, Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Economic Efficiency of Rice-Wheat System in India
by Suresh K. Kakraliya, Hanuman S. Jat, Tek B. Sapkota, Ishwar Singh, Manish Kakraliya, Manoj K. Gora, Parbodh C. Sharma and Mangi L. Jat
Agriculture 2021, 11(12), 1269; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121269 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6867
Abstract
Conventional rice–wheat (RW) rotation in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of South Asia is tillage, water, energy, and capital intensive. Coupled with these, crop residue burning contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and environmental pollution. So, to evaluate the GHG mitigation potential of [...] Read more.
Conventional rice–wheat (RW) rotation in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of South Asia is tillage, water, energy, and capital intensive. Coupled with these, crop residue burning contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and environmental pollution. So, to evaluate the GHG mitigation potential of various climate-smart agricultural practices (CSAPs), an on-farm research trial was conducted during 2014–2017 in Karnal, India. Six management scenarios (portfolios of practices), namely, Sc1—business as usual (BAU)/conventional tillage (CT) without residue, Sc2—CT with residue, Sc3—reduced tillage (RT) with residue + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), Sc4—RT/zero tillage (ZT) with residue + RDF, Sc5—ZT with residue + RDF + GreenSeeker + Tensiometer, and Sc6—Sc5 + nutrient-expert tool, were included. The global warming potential (GWP) of the RW system under CSAPs (Sc4, Sc5, and Sc6) and the improved BAU (Sc2 and Sc3) were 33–40% and 4–26% lower than BAU (7653 kg CO2 eq./ha/year), respectively. This reflects that CSAPs have the potential to mitigate GWP by ~387 metric tons (Mt) CO2 eq./year from the 13.5 Mha RW system of South Asia. Lower GWP under CSAPs resulted in 36–44% lower emission intensity (383 kg CO2 eq./Mg/year) compared to BAU (642 kg CO2 eq./Mg/year). Meanwhile, the N-factor productivity and eco-efficiency of the RW system under CSAPs were 32–57% and 70–105% higher than BAU, respectively, which reflects that CSAPs are more economically and environmentally sustainable than BAU. The wheat yield obtained under various CSAPs was 0.62 Mg/ha and 0.84 Mg/ha higher than BAU during normal and bad years (extreme weather events), respectively. Thus, it is evident that CSAPs can cope better with climatic extremes than BAU. Therefore, a portfolio of CSAPs should be promoted in RW belts for more adaptation and climate change mitigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture)
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22 pages, 4631 KiB  
Article
Simulating the Long-Term Effects of Fertilizer and Water Management on Grain Yield and Methane Emissions of Paddy Rice in Thailand
by Nittaya Cha-un, Amnat Chidthaisong, Kazuyuki Yagi and Sirintornthep Towprayoon
Agriculture 2021, 11(11), 1144; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111144 - 15 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3696
Abstract
Rice is an important economic crop in Thailand. However, paddy rice fields are one of the largest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) emissions. Therefore, suitable crop management practice is necessary to reduce CH4 emissions while rice grain yield is maintained. [...] Read more.
Rice is an important economic crop in Thailand. However, paddy rice fields are one of the largest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) emissions. Therefore, suitable crop management practice is necessary to reduce CH4 emissions while rice grain yield is maintained. This study aimed to evaluate appropriate options of fertilizer and water management practices for Thai rice cultivation with regards to improving rice grain yield and reducing CH4 emissions. The Denitrification–Decomposition (DNDC) model was used to simulate grain yield and the emission of CH4 under the three fertilizer options (chemical fertilizer (F), manure (M) and chemical fertilizer + manure (F + M)) with three water management options (continuous flooding (CF), mid-season drainage (MD) and alternate wet and dry (AWD)) during the years 2011–2050. Rain-fed and irrigated rice cropping systems were used. A total of 24 sites distributed in 22 provinces were studied. The data sets of daily climate, soil properties, and rice management practices were required as inputs in the model. Model validation with observation data in a field experiment indicated that simulated grain yields (R2 = 0.83, slope = 0.98, NRMES = 0.30) and cumulative seasonal CH4 emissions (R2 = 0.83, slope = 0.74, NRMES = 0.43) were significantly and positively correlated with the observation. At the end of the simulation period (2046–2050), fertilizer management options of F and F + M gave more grain yield than the M management option by 1–44% in rain-fed rice cropping and 104–190% in irrigated rice cropping system, respectively. Among options, the lower CH4 emissions were found in AWD water management options. The appropriate options with regard to maintaining grain yield and reducing CH4 emissions in the long term were suggested to be F + M with AWD for the rain-fed rice, and F with AWD for the irrigated rice cropping systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Agriculture)
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