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Animals
Special Issues
Biosecurity in Aquaculture: Balancing Sustainability and Disease Control
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Biosecurity in Aquaculture: Balancing Sustainability and Disease Control

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 5477

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ladan Jahangiri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Interests: aquaculture; biosecurity; disease control
Prof. Dr. Sophie St-Hilaire

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Interests: aquatic animal health; epidemiology; veterinary medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquaculture is the fastest growing food producing sector in the world, and it significantly contributes to global food security. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) predict that aquatic food production will increase by 15% by 2030, and this growth will mostly derive from aquaculture.

Infectious diseases have been a limiting factor for the sustainable intensification and expansion of the aquaculture sector. To prevent and control these diseases, biosecurity, comprehensive treatment plans for animal populations, and novel prevention strategies are required. The implementation of these measures can be at different spatial and management levels (e.g. country, zone, compartment, and farm), and they need to target a range of farm types, including small farm holdings and large corporate farms.

In this Special Issue, we invite contributions (either short communications, original research manuscripts, or reviews) which address any aspects of biosecurity in aquaculture, new disease control strategies, and/or novel prevention technologies.

Dr. Ladan Jahangiri
Prof. Dr. Sophie St-Hilaire
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aquaculture
  • biosecurity
  • disease control
  • health status
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4254 KiB  
Article
An In Vitro System Mimics the Intestinal Microbiota of Striped Beakfish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) and Inhibits Vibrio alginolyticus by Limosilactobacillus reuteri-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
by Bao-Hong Lee, Yeh-Fang Hu, Sofia Priyadarsani Das, Yu-Ting Chu, Wei-Hsuan Hsu and Fan-Hua Nan
Animals 2024, 14(12), 1792; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14121792 - 14 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1206
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are functional substances secreted by microbes and host cells, and it has been discovered that they participate in the interactions between different microorganisms. Our recent findings indicate that Limosilactobacillus reuteri-derived EVs have the potential to improve the intestinal microbiota [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are functional substances secreted by microbes and host cells, and it has been discovered that they participate in the interactions between different microorganisms. Our recent findings indicate that Limosilactobacillus reuteri-derived EVs have the potential to improve the intestinal microbiota of Oplegnathus fasciatus fish and inhibit pathogenic bacteria. Previous research has reported that the host intestinal cells play a regulatory role in the intestinal microbiota. This suggested that to investigate the mechanisms through which L. reuteri-derived EVs regulate the intestinal microbiota, a system that excludes interference from host intestinal cells should be established. In this study, an in vitro cultured intestinal bacteria system, without host factors, was used to simulate the intestinal microbiota of O. fasciatus fish. After adding L. reuteri-derived EVs to the system, the changes in the microbiota were analyzed. The results showed that L. reuteri-derived EVs effectively reduced the abundance of Vibrio spp. In the results of the in vitro experiments, it was also observed that L. reuteri-derived EVs have the ability to inhibit Vibrio alginolyticus. We further sequenced the small RNA contained in L. reuteri-derived EVs and found that these small RNAs can interfere with genes (LysR, pirin, MIpA/OmpV, CatB, and aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) related to the growth of V. alginolyticus. Taken together, the results indicate that in the absence of host involvement, the small RNAs present in L. reuteri-derived EVs have the function of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and exhibit the potential to regulate the intestinal microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosecurity in Aquaculture: Balancing Sustainability and Disease Control)
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23 pages, 1065 KiB  
Article
Concentration, Life Stage, Feeding, Density, Flow, and Strain Effects on Formalin Sensitivity in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
by Eric R. Fetherman, Brad Neuschwanger, Chris Praamsma and Tracy Davis
Animals 2023, 13(15), 2425; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13152425 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1314
Abstract
Formalin is one of the most widely used and effective chemotherapeutic compounds for treatment of fungal infections and external parasites of fish eggs and fish. However, exposure to formalin can cause mortality in eggs and fingerlings, dependent upon the concentration used and the [...] Read more.
Formalin is one of the most widely used and effective chemotherapeutic compounds for treatment of fungal infections and external parasites of fish eggs and fish. However, exposure to formalin can cause mortality in eggs and fingerlings, dependent upon the concentration used and the rearing conditions in which fish are treated. Additionally, strains within a species can exhibit differential susceptibility to formalin. Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the differential sensitivity to formalin of four rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) strains in both the egg and fingerling life stages. Eggs were exposed to concentrations of 1667, 2000, and 5000 ppm formalin, and sensitivity differed among the strains when formalin concentration exceeded 2000 ppm. Exposure to higher formalin concentrations (i.e., 5000 ppm) as eggs did not increase mortality when fish were re-exposed to concentrations of 0, 167, 250, or 500 ppm formalin at 77 mm total length (TL). Fish size affected formalin sensitivity, with larger fish (128 mm TL) exhibiting higher rates of mortality than fish ≤ 77 mm TL when exposed to 250 ppm formalin. The effects of crowding, feeding, flow, and density on the formalin sensitivity of 77 mm TL fish were also investigated. Mortality increased in fish crowded away from the inflow to prevent contact with formalin as it entered the tank, potentially the result of an increase in density index within the crowded tanks. Feeding fish on the day they were treated caused mortality to increase by 5.4 to 8.8% in fish exposed to 167 and 250 ppm formalin, respectively, and mortality differed by strain. Reducing flows by half resulted in doubled to quadrupled mortality, and increased densities resulted in increased mortality in some strains but not others. Hatchery managers should consider what effect rearing conditions and formalin concentrations might have on the strain of fish being treated, prior to large-scale treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosecurity in Aquaculture: Balancing Sustainability and Disease Control)
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Review

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18 pages, 4356 KiB  
Review
A Scoping Review on GIS Technologies Applied to Farmed Fish Health Management
by Tiziano Dorotea, Giorgia Riuzzi, Eleonora Franzago, Paulette Posen, Saraya Tavornpanich, Alessio Di Lorenzo, Laura Ferroni, Walter Martelli, Matteo Mazzucato, Grazia Soccio, Severino Segato and Nicola Ferrè
Animals 2023, 13(22), 3525; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13223525 - 15 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1801
Abstract
Finfish aquaculture, one of the fastest growing intensive sectors worldwide, is threatened by numerous transmissible diseases that may have devastating impacts on its economic sustainability. This review (2010–2022) used a PRISMA extension for scoping reviews and a text mining approach to explore the [...] Read more.
Finfish aquaculture, one of the fastest growing intensive sectors worldwide, is threatened by numerous transmissible diseases that may have devastating impacts on its economic sustainability. This review (2010–2022) used a PRISMA extension for scoping reviews and a text mining approach to explore the extent to which geographical information systems (GIS) are used in farmed fish health management and to unveil the main GIS technologies, databases, and functions used to update the spatiotemporal data underpinning risk and predictive models in aquatic surveillance programmes. After filtering for eligibility criteria, the literature search provided 54 records, highlighting the limited use of GIS technologies for disease prevention and control, as well as the prevalence of GIS application in marine salmonid farming, especially for viruses and parasitic diseases typically associated with these species. The text mining generated five main research areas, underlining a limited range of investigated species, rearing environments, and diseases, as well as highlighting the lack of GIS-based methodologies at the core of such publications. This scoping review provides a source of information for future more detailed literature analyses and outcomes to support the development of geospatial disease spread models and expand in-field GIS technologies for the prevention and mitigation of fish disease epidemics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosecurity in Aquaculture: Balancing Sustainability and Disease Control)
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