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Animals
Special Issues
New Species and New Feeds for Aquaculture
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New Species and New Feeds for Aquaculture

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2022) | Viewed by 11856

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Benedetto Sicuro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy
Interests: environmental impact of aquaculture; fish nutrition; inland integrated aquaculture

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The high number of farmed species is one of the most relevant aspects that distinguishes aquaculture from other sectors of animal production. Although the total number of aquaculture species is increasing annually with new species being farmed around the world, several of these species disappear in a medium–short period of time. The evolution of aquaculture diversity is influenced by technological innovation and progress. Is aquaculture diversity real, or is it an optimistic projection of researchers’ expectancies?

Not only are new species being constantly introduced in aquaculture for potential farming but also new feeds and ingredients for aquaculture species. But how many of these ingredients and potential feeds are really suitable for the aquafeed industry?

This Special Issue will provide a rational and pragmatical vision of these aspects, in their current situation, that are fundamental to the future of aquaculture.

Dr. Benedetto Sicuro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • new species
  • aquaculture diversity
  • new feeds
  • modern feedstuffs
  • aquaculture nutrition
  • potential species
  • byproduct utilization
  • nutraceuticals

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4141 KiB  
Article
Effects of LED Light Illumination on the Growth, Digestive Enzymes, and Photoacclimation of Goniopora columna in Captivity
by Chiu-Min Cheng, Yu-Rong Cheng, Hsuan-Yu Lin, Wei-Ting Sun, Chih-Hung Pan and De-Sing Ding
Animals 2022, 12(3), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030306 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3287
Abstract
Goniopora columna is a stony coral valued for its reef-building potential and its unique appearance. Thus, identifying the optimal culture conditions for G. columna would enable efficient cultivation and prevent the illegal exploitation of marine resources. Light sources are crucial for the growth [...] Read more.
Goniopora columna is a stony coral valued for its reef-building potential and its unique appearance. Thus, identifying the optimal culture conditions for G. columna would enable efficient cultivation and prevent the illegal exploitation of marine resources. Light sources are crucial for the growth of corals because zooxanthellae provide them with basic nutrients through photosynthesis. Different corals and zooxanthellae have different photoacclimation characteristics; therefore, selecting a suitable light wavelength remains the key inhibitor of coral maintenance in marine aquariums. Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of different light wavelengths on G. columna. It was illuminated for 6 or 12 h a day under white light, yellow light, red light (LR), green light (LG), blue light (LB), or purple light (LP) for 8 weeks. During the experiment, R(R; i.e., a formula feed that combines sodium alginate, protein and probiotics) of 5% (w/v) of G. columna tissue and skeletal dry weight was fed every day. Coral polyps were counted, zooxanthellae density, chlorophyll a concentration, specific growth rates, and survival rates were calculated; polyp stretching and contractile behaviors were observed; and body composition and digestive enzyme activity were analyzed. LB or LP (but not LG or LR) illumination for at least 6 h per day significantly promoted the growth, survival, protein content, and protease activity of the G. columna specimens. Furthermore, coral polyp extension reached 100% after 30 min of LP and LB light irradiation. Although no significant differences in the zooxanthellae density or chlorophyll a concentration were noted under various light wavelengths, significant reductions were detected in the absence of light. To achieve energy-efficient coral aquaculture with regard to G. columna cultivation, 6 h of LB or LP illumination per day can improve the growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Species and New Feeds for Aquaculture)
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16 pages, 3142 KiB  
Article
Feeding of a Scleractinian Coral, Goniopora columna, on Microalgae, Yeast, and Artificial Feed in Captivity
by De-Sing Ding, Wei-Ting Sun and Chih-Hung Pan
Animals 2021, 11(11), 3009; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113009 - 20 Oct 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3228
Abstract
Nutritional requirements are critical in the process of coral aquaculture. In addition to energy from symbiotic algae, corals obtain sufficient nutrition through heterotrophic feeding. Microalgae and yeast are commonly used as nutritional supplements for many aquaculture organisms. In addition, if artificial feed can [...] Read more.
Nutritional requirements are critical in the process of coral aquaculture. In addition to energy from symbiotic algae, corals obtain sufficient nutrition through heterotrophic feeding. Microalgae and yeast are commonly used as nutritional supplements for many aquaculture organisms. In addition, if artificial feed can match or improve upon the nutritional supplementation provided by microalgae and yeast in the case of G. columna, then feeding this coral would be markedly easier. Hence, this article preliminarily discusses feeds suitable for G. columna. In this study, artificial PUFA rich in animal protein (R), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Isochrysis galbana tml, and Nannochloropsis oculate were fed to G. columna at quantities of 5% and 10% of body weight. Growth, survival, body composition, and digestive enzymes were assessed. Regarding body composition, the coral’s protein content is higher than that of carbohydrate or fat; thus, evaluating the heterotrophic nutrition of G. columna by using protein absorption is appropriate. The protease content is also high in digestive enzymes. Protein content, protease activity, and specific growth rate were significantly higher in the R group than in other groups. The number of polyps in the groups fed R at 5% and 10% of body weight increased by 40.00 ± 2.43 and 47.33 ± 0.89 number, respectively, significantly greater increases than those achieved in the other groups (p < 0.05). Changes in body composition and digestive enzymes over a 24-h period were compared to determine the optimal feeding time. Protein content and protease activity increased markedly between 6:00 and 12:00. The experimental results suggest that R can improve the activity of G. columna digestive enzymes and their protein and lipid content in body tissue, shorten the cultivation time, and enhance the profitability of coral aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Species and New Feeds for Aquaculture)
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12 pages, 2124 KiB  
Article
Population Dynamics, Fecundity and Fatty Acid Composition of Oithona nana (Cyclopoida, Copepoda), Fed on Different Diets
by Fawzy I. Magouz, Mohamed A. Essa, Mustafa Matter, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Mohamed Alkafafy and Mohamed Ashour
Animals 2021, 11(5), 1188; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051188 - 21 Apr 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 4071
Abstract
The marine copepod species Oithona nana is considered as one of the most successfully mass cultured Cyclopoida species in marine hatcheries. This study investigated the effects of four feed diets (soybean, yeast, rice bran, and corn starch) on the population growth, growth rate, [...] Read more.
The marine copepod species Oithona nana is considered as one of the most successfully mass cultured Cyclopoida species in marine hatcheries. This study investigated the effects of four feed diets (soybean, yeast, rice bran, and corn starch) on the population growth, growth rate, population composition, fecundity, and fatty acid composition of native isolated Cyclopoida copepod species O. nana. The experiment was continued for 15 days and the copepods were fed on one of the four diets with a concentration of 1 g 10−6 individual day−1. The results revealed that corn starch was found to be the most supportive diet for population growth and population growth rate. For nutritional value, copepods fed on rice bran were detected to have the highest content of MUFA, PUFA, and the lowest SFA and SFA/UFA ratio; more importantly, the rice bran diet was the only treatment that showed C20:5ω3. Moreover, copepods fed on rice bran showed the highest significant female fecundity, copepodite, and nauplii percent. Finally, the protocols described in the current study concluded that the dry feeds, especially corn starch, are very useful and applicable in hatcheries for maximizing the fecundity and density of Cyclopoida copepod species, O. nana. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Species and New Feeds for Aquaculture)
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