Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism in Extreme Environmental Conditions

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "ROS, RNS and RSS".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 1902

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: oxidative stress; hyperthyroidism; mitochondria; vitamin E; ROS; antioxidant; insulin resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is a global phenomenon that is increasingly affected by anthropogenic pressure causing adverse events that are leading to the loss of biodiversity and food security, as well as increased risks to human health. In recent decades, this has led to a growth in space-oriented studies, in accordance with the ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ to prepare humans for space missions. Life is heading toward the edges of existence, and it is the reason why there is a need to learn more about life in Earth’s environments and beyond. It is critical that we fully understand the mechanisms of adaptation of living organisms to different and adverse conditions. Mitochondria play a vital role in many physiological adaptations. They are the center of energy generation, redox homeostasis, cellular signaling, and cell survival. These organelles are very sensitive to environmental stimuli that can lead to changes in mitochondrial function and integrity, having many consequences for the cell’s performance and fitness. This Special Issue is aimed at providing selected contributions to advances in our knowledge about cellular adaptations to extreme conditions, focusing on mitochondria. 

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the effects on the mitochondrial population of: 

  • Metabolic adaptations to extreme environments;
  • Metabolic adaptations to extreme conditions;
  • Mitochondrial adaptations;
  • Adverse effects of extreme conditions;
  • Cellular stress response to extreme conditions;
  • Cellular adaptations to extreme conditions.

Dr. Paola Venditti
Dr. Gaetana Napolitano
Guest Editors

Dr. Gianluca Fasciolo
Guest Editor Assistant

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 3297 KiB  
Article
Light Quality Potentiates the Antioxidant Properties of Brassica rapa Microgreen Extracts against Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Human Cells
by Ida Paolillo, Giulia Costanzo, Antonella Delicato, Filippo Villano, Carmen Arena and Viola Calabrò
Antioxidants 2023, 12(10), 1895; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12101895 - 23 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1547
Abstract
Plants are an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds beneficial for contrasting oxidative stress, leading to many degenerative pathologies. Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa is well known for its nutraceutical properties among edible vegetable species. In our work, we aimed to explore an eco-friendly [...] Read more.
Plants are an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds beneficial for contrasting oxidative stress, leading to many degenerative pathologies. Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa is well known for its nutraceutical properties among edible vegetable species. In our work, we aimed to explore an eco-friendly way to enhance the beneficial dietary phytochemicals in this vast world of crop-growing plants at selected light quality conditions. White broad-spectrum (W) and red–blue (RB) light regimes were used for growing brassica microgreens. The organic extracts were tested on keratinocytes upon oxidative stress to explore their capability to act as natural antioxidant cell protectors. Our results show that both W and RB extracts caused a notable reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels induced by H2O2. Interestingly, according to its higher contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, the RB was more efficient in reducing ROS amount and DNA damage than the W extract, particularly at the lowest concentration tested. However, at higher concentrations (up to 100 μg/mL), the antioxidant effect reached a plateau, and there was little added benefit. These findings confirm that RB light effectively increases the antioxidant compounds in Brassica rapa L. microgreens, thus contributing to their enhanced activity against oxidative-induced genotoxicity compared to microgreens grown under W light. Full article
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