Harnessing Antioxidants: Pioneering Approaches in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Therapy

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2025 | Viewed by 515

Special Issue Editors

Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Interests: developing novel organelle-targeting strategies for precise delivery of bioimaging and therapeutic agents
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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA
Interests: diabetes; insulin; pancreatic beta cell; artificial pancreas system; glucose-insulin homeostasis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The significant impact of oxidative stress on the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) underscores a complex interplay between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defenses. Notably, the heart, with its considerable metabolic requirements, presents comparatively lower antioxidant capacities than other organs, rendering it exceptionally vulnerable to oxidative insults. This susceptibility is implicated in a range of cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, and myocardial infarction. Traditionally perceived as detrimental, free radicals are now recognized for their potential roles in cellular signaling processes, a paradigm shift that has improved our understanding of their biological implications. This evolving perspective has yielded heterogeneous outcomes in studies assessing antioxidant therapies for myocardial protection, occasionally indicating deleterious effects when attempting to modulate systemic levels of ROS.

In light of these complexities, this Special Issue titled "Harnessing Antioxidants: Pioneering Approaches in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Therapy" seeks to critically examine and elucidate the dualistic roles of antioxidants in cardiovascular health. Our objective is to reassess and broaden our comprehension of how both naturally derived and synthetically formulated antioxidants can alter the functional and structural trajectories of CVD. We invite contributions that present cutting-edge antioxidant strategies, provide detailed mechanistic insights, and report findings from rigorous clinical trials aimed at optimizing the modulation of oxidative stress within the cardiovascular domain.

We encourage the submission of original research and comprehensive review articles to this Special Issue. Each manuscript should significantly enhance our collective understanding of the sophisticated mechanisms by which antioxidants can be strategically leveraged in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, effectively bridging the divide between fundamental research and clinical practice.

As Guest Editors, we look forward to receiving your scholarly contributions, which will undoubtedly enrich this critical area of cardiovascular research and extend our knowledge of the potent therapeutic capabilities of antioxidants in the realm of cardiovascular health.

Dr. Lanrong Bi
Prof. Dr. Guim Kwon
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • antioxidants
  • cardiovascular diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 3000 KiB  
Article
PTSD Increases Risk for Hypertension Development Through PVN Activation and Vascular Dysfunction in Sprague Dawley Rats
by Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Chunxiu Yu, Qing-hui Chen, Lanrong Bi and Zhiying Shan
Antioxidants 2024, 13(11), 1423; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13111423 - 20 Nov 2024
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Abstract
This study investigates the impact of single prolonged stress (SPS), a model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), on cardiovascular responses, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) activity, and vascular function to elucidate the mechanisms linking traumatic stress to hypertension. Although SPS did not directly cause [...] Read more.
This study investigates the impact of single prolonged stress (SPS), a model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), on cardiovascular responses, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) activity, and vascular function to elucidate the mechanisms linking traumatic stress to hypertension. Although SPS did not directly cause chronic hypertension in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, it induced acute but transient increases in blood pressure and heart rate and significantly altered the expression of hypertension-associated genes, such as vasopressin, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and FOSL1 in the PVN. Notably, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were predominantly elevated in the pre-autonomic regions of the PVN, colocalizing with AT1R- and FOSL1-expressing cells, suggesting that oxidative stress may amplify sympathetic activation and stress responses. SPS also increased mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the aorta, and impaired vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator stimuli, reflecting compromised vascular function. These findings suggest that SPS-sensitize neuroendocrine, autonomic, and vascular pathways create a state of cardiovascular vulnerability that could predispose individuals to hypertension when exposed to additional stressors. Understanding these mechanisms provides critical insights into the pathophysiology of stress-related cardiovascular disorders and underscores the need for targeted therapeutic interventions that address oxidative stress and modulate altered PVN pathways to mitigate the cardiovascular impact of PTSD and related conditions. Full article
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