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New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering
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New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 5697

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Suhua Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Center for International Research Collaboration in Building Safety and Environment, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Interests: georisk; GIS; slope stability analysis
Dr. Xin Tan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Interests: foundation engineering; numerical simulation; digital twin
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Geotechnical engineering stands on the precipice of a transformative era, driven by the rapid integration of digital technology into traditional practices. The profound impact of these advancements offers unprecedented opportunities to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and safety of geotechnical projects. To explore and disseminate these cutting-edge developments, we are pleased to announce a Special Issue titled ‘New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering'.

This Special Issue aims to bring together the latest research, innovations, and breakthroughs that leverage digital technology to revolutionize geotechnical engineering. We welcome original research articles, case studies, and comprehensive reviews focusing on, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Applications of AI and ML algorithms for geotechnical analysis, soil classification, and prediction of ground behavior.
  • Remote Sensing and Monitoring: Use of drones, LiDAR, and satellite imagery for real-time site assessment, monitoring, and hazard detection.
  • Data Integration and Management: Strategies to effectively manage and integrate big data in geotechnical projects for informed decision-making.
  • Digital Twin Technology: Development and utilization of digital twins to simulate and optimize geotechnical systems.
  • Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Geotechnics: Integrating geotechnical data into the BIM environment for enhanced collaboration and clash detection.
  • Internet of Things (IoT) in Geotechnical Monitoring: IoT applications for continuous monitoring of geotechnical structures and infrastructure.
  • Geospatial Analysis: Spatial modeling and geographic information systems (GIS) for geotechnical investigations and hazard assessment.
  • Numerical Simulations: Advancements in numerical methods and simulations for geotechnical analysis and design.
  • Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) in Geotechnics: Immersive technologies for visualization and training in geotechnical projects.

Dr. Suhua Zhou
Dr. Xin Tan
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 8746 KiB  
Article
Optimal Routing of Gas Pipelines in Seismic Regions Using an Efficient Decision-Support Tool: A Case Study in Northern Greece
by Nikolaos Makrakis, Prodromos N. Psarropoulos and Yiannis Tsompanakis
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 10970; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142310970 - 26 Nov 2024
Viewed by 67
Abstract
High-pressure gas pipelines are significantly vulnerable to earthquake-related geohazards (tectonic faulting, slope instabilities, and/or soil liquefaction phenomena). Avoiding geohazardous areas is not always techno-economically feasible, as it would increase the length and cost of the infrastructure. Conversely, crossing these areas may adversely affect [...] Read more.
High-pressure gas pipelines are significantly vulnerable to earthquake-related geohazards (tectonic faulting, slope instabilities, and/or soil liquefaction phenomena). Avoiding geohazardous areas is not always techno-economically feasible, as it would increase the length and cost of the infrastructure. Conversely, crossing these areas may adversely affect the structural performance of the pipeline, leading to unfeasible mitigation measures. Thus, selecting cost-effective, safe, and resilient routing is crucial. This study presents a GIS-based decision-support tool for optimal routing, taking into account, among other criteria, earthquake-related geohazards. The proposed tool considers not only the aforementioned but also more complex earthquake-related geohazards, such as secondary fault ruptures that are non-parallel or even perpendicular to the main fault, which might have been overlooked during the design of existing pipelines. To validate its effectiveness, the present tool is applied in a real case study in northern Greece, where the aforementioned earthquake-related geohazards coexist. Through a GIS-based multi-criteria decision method, various scenarios are examined by assigning different weights to the adopted criteria, and several cost-minimized routes are derived. This tool could be highly beneficial for the pipeline industry since it can assist operators and stakeholders in selecting the optimal pipeline route in geohazardous areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering)
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16 pages, 4173 KiB  
Article
A New Porosity Evaluation Method Based on a Statistical Methodology for Granular Material: A Case Study in Construction Sand
by Binghui Wang, Shuanglong Xin, Dandan Jin, Lei Zhang, Jianjun Wu and Huiyi Guo
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(16), 7379; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167379 - 21 Aug 2024
Viewed by 904
Abstract
Sand porosity is an important compactness parameter that influences the mechanical properties of sand. In order to evaluate the temporal variation in sand porosity, a new method of sand porosity evaluation based on the statistics of target sand particles (which refers to particles [...] Read more.
Sand porosity is an important compactness parameter that influences the mechanical properties of sand. In order to evaluate the temporal variation in sand porosity, a new method of sand porosity evaluation based on the statistics of target sand particles (which refers to particles within a specific particle size range) is presented. The relationship between sand porosity and the number of target sand particles at the soil surface considering observation depth is derived theoretically, and it is concluded that there is an inverse relationship between the two. Digital image processing and the k-means clustering method were used to distinguish particles in digital images where particles may mask each other, and a criterion for determining the number of particles was proposed, that is, the criterion of min(Dao). The execution process was implemented by self-written codes using Python (2021.3). An experiment on a simple case of Go pieces and sand samples of different porosities was conducted. The results show that the sum of the squared error (SSE) in the k-means method can converge with a small number of iterations. Furthermore, there is a minimum value between the parameter Dao and the set value of a single-particle pixel, and the pixel corresponding to this value is a reasonable value of a single-particle pixel, that is, the min(Dao) criterion is proposed. The k-means method combined with the min(Dao) criterion can analyze the number of particles in different particle size ranges with occlusion between particles. The test results of sand samples with different densities show that the method is reasonable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering)
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13 pages, 1651 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Metro Tunnel Construction Parameters on the Settlement of Surrounding Buildings
by Armen Z. Ter-Martirosyan, George O. Anzhelo and Victoria V. Rud
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6435; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156435 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 780
Abstract
The construction of tunnels in conditions of dense urban development affects buildings, structures, and engineering communications located at the surface. In this work, through dispersion analysis, factors influencing the settlement of the earth’s surface and buildings during tunneling were selected. Subsequently, a model [...] Read more.
The construction of tunnels in conditions of dense urban development affects buildings, structures, and engineering communications located at the surface. In this work, through dispersion analysis, factors influencing the settlement of the earth’s surface and buildings during tunneling were selected. Subsequently, a model based on statistically significant parameters that can predict deformations at the pre-design stage was created. This research was conducted using data from geotechnical monitoring obtained during the construction of underground structures, with information about the technological parameters of shield tunneling in the construction of the single-track lines of the Moscow Metro using TBM with face-support pressure and engineering–geological conditions. In the obtained model, there is a clear dependency between the additional displacement of the monitoring object located above the projected tunnel and the average face-support pressure causing the mentioned deformations. The response is also affected by the soil deformation model at the tunnel face, the depth of the tunnel, and the soil excavation for the installation of one ring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering)
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22 pages, 13173 KiB  
Article
Applicability of Digital Image Photogrammetry to Rapid Displacement Measurements of Structures in Restricted-Access and Controlled Areas: Case Study in Korea
by Chang-Hwan Choi, Jung-Geun Han and Gigwon Hong
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(12), 5295; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125295 - 19 Jun 2024
Viewed by 635
Abstract
Critical facilities are generally located in areas with restricted or controlled access, making it difficult for experts to monitor the structural health of enclosed infrastructures. Hence, a case study was conducted in South Korea to evaluate the applicability of digital image photogrammetry using [...] Read more.
Critical facilities are generally located in areas with restricted or controlled access, making it difficult for experts to monitor the structural health of enclosed infrastructures. Hence, a case study was conducted in South Korea to evaluate the applicability of digital image photogrammetry using commercial imaging devices in order to quickly measure the structural deformations of infrastructures in such areas. The applicability evaluation involved measuring the displacement of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls. In the experiment, the displacement of MSE walls was first measured using the traditional monitoring method and the results were compared with those obtained via digital image photogrammetry using commercial imaging devices such as digital cameras and cellphones. The measurement results obtained with the cellphone camera had a maximum error of approximately 20 mm when compared with the results of the traditional monitoring method. Because this is a significant error, even when considering the mechanical error in the traditional monitoring method’s result, it was determined that monitoring using a cellphone camera is infeasible. However, the experimental results of digital image photogrammetry using a digital camera showed a maximum error of approximately 9 mm. Although this is a sizable error, the method was assessed to be technically feasible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering)
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19 pages, 7967 KiB  
Article
Prediction of Water Content in Subgrade Soil in Road Construction Using Hyperspectral Information Obtained through UAV
by Kicheol Lee, Jeongjun Park and Gigwon Hong
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 1248; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14031248 - 2 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1445
Abstract
In road construction, the compaction of the subgrade layer, which is one of the earthwork fields, is an essential procedure to support the pavement layer and traffic load. For the quality control of subgrades, water content must be measured. Currently, the measurement of [...] Read more.
In road construction, the compaction of the subgrade layer, which is one of the earthwork fields, is an essential procedure to support the pavement layer and traffic load. For the quality control of subgrades, water content must be measured. Currently, the measurement of water content is performed at specific locations in a large area of subgrades and has the disadvantage of taking a long time to derive. Because this is difficult to immediately confirm, inefficiencies arise in terms of construction schedule and quality control. Therefore, in this study, a CCM (Color-Coded Map) was proposed through hyperspectral remote sensing using drones. This method is a range-type water-content measurement method that can acquire data in a short time (about 20 min) and can be easily confirmed visually. For this, a predicted equation that can convert hyperspectral information into water content information is developed. Multivariate linear regression, a machine learning technique, was applied to the database (of actual measured water content and hyperspectral information). The predicted and measured water contents showed a coefficient of determination of 0.888, and it was confirmed that CCMs can also be presented in various ways depending on user settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering)
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18 pages, 13457 KiB  
Article
A Stability Analysis of an Abandoned Gypsum Mine Based on Numerical Simulation Using the Itasca Model for Advanced Strain Softening Constitutive Model
by Yungang Shi, Huaijian Wang, Xin Tan, Yuxuan Jin, Jiaxu Wang and Bigang Tang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(23), 12570; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312570 - 22 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1058
Abstract
An abandoned gypsum mine has been discovered beneath the route of a highway construction in Hunan province, south China. Due to the highway construction and operations safety, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive stability analysis of the abandoned mining area. The [...] Read more.
An abandoned gypsum mine has been discovered beneath the route of a highway construction in Hunan province, south China. Due to the highway construction and operations safety, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive stability analysis of the abandoned mining area. The 3D laser scanning detection technique has been adopted, and over 400 drillholes were strategically placed near the highway to capture the spatial information of the abandoned gypsum mine. The ore body has an average mining thickness of about 3 m, and the depth of the mining roof ranges from 40 to 60 m, with an average span of 16 m. Based on the research achievements in the engineering geological investigation, rock mass quality assessment, and geometry information, a simplified numerical model has been established for stability analysis. The numerical model employed the IMASS rock mass constitutive model to conduct a stability analysis of the abandoned gypsum mine during the excavation process and in the medium to long term. The IMASS constitutive model can effectively reflect the entire process of rock mass from microscopic damage to macroscopic instability, and the numerical simulation of current and long-term stages provides a much greater understanding of the mining room stability and the effect of various geo-mechanical parameters not considered in traditional empirical methods. The abandoned gypsum mine stability is guaranteed in the mining and current stages. However, the numerical results showed that a 0.4 m spalling thickness of the sidewalls can cause an overall instability and failure of the abandoned mine, and reinforcement measures must be taken for long-term safety. The stability of the abandoned gypsum mine with filling solutions was also evaluated numerically. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends of Digital Technology Application in Geotechnical Engineering)
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