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Biology
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Perspectives of Theoretical Medicine
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Perspectives of Theoretical Medicine

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 13536

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jacques Demongeot

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculte de Medicine de Grenoble, Universite Grenoble Alpes, F-38700 La Tronche, France
Interests: theoretical biology; bioinformatics; biostatistics; origin of life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special issue publishes research and review articles focused on the application of mathematics to problems arising from the biomedical sciences.

Prof. Jacques Demongeot
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3041 KiB  
Article
Using Unstated Cases to Correct for COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak and Its Impact on Easing the Intervention for Qatar
by Narjiss Sallahi, Heesoo Park, Fedwa El Mellouhi, Mustapha Rachdi, Idir Ouassou, Samir Belhaouari, Abdelilah Arredouani and Halima Bensmail
Biology 2021, 10(6), 463; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10060463 - 24 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3839
Abstract
Epidemiological Modeling supports the evaluation of various disease management activities. The value of epidemiological models lies in their ability to study various scenarios and to provide governments with a priori knowledge of the consequence of disease incursions and the impact of preventive strategies. [...] Read more.
Epidemiological Modeling supports the evaluation of various disease management activities. The value of epidemiological models lies in their ability to study various scenarios and to provide governments with a priori knowledge of the consequence of disease incursions and the impact of preventive strategies. A prevalent method of modeling the spread of pandemics is to categorize individuals in the population as belonging to one of several distinct compartments, which represents their health status with regard to the pandemic. In this work, a modified SIR epidemic model is proposed and analyzed with respect to the identification of its parameters and initial values based on stated or recorded case data from public health sources to estimate the unreported cases and the effectiveness of public health policies such as social distancing in slowing the spread of the epidemic. The analysis aims to highlight the importance of unreported cases for correcting the underestimated basic reproduction number. In many epidemic outbreaks, the number of reported infections is likely much lower than the actual number of infections which can be calculated from the model’s parameters derived from reported case data. The analysis is applied to the COVID-19 pandemic for several countries in the Gulf region and Europe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives of Theoretical Medicine)
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9 pages, 1115 KiB  
Communication
A Universal Model for the Log-Normal Distribution of Elasticity in Polymeric Gels and Its Relevance to Mechanical Signature of Biological Tissues
by Arnaud Millet
Biology 2021, 10(1), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10010064 - 18 Jan 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3515
Abstract
The mechanosensitivity of cells has recently been identified as a process that could greatly influence a cell’s fate. To understand the interaction between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix, the characterization of the mechanical properties of natural polymeric gels is needed. Atomic force [...] Read more.
The mechanosensitivity of cells has recently been identified as a process that could greatly influence a cell’s fate. To understand the interaction between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix, the characterization of the mechanical properties of natural polymeric gels is needed. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the leading tools used to characterize mechanically biological tissues. It appears that the elasticity (elastic modulus) values obtained by AFM presents a log-normal distribution. Despite its ubiquity, the log-normal distribution concerning the elastic modulus of biological tissues does not have a clear explanation. In this paper, we propose a physical mechanism based on the weak universality of critical exponents in the percolation process leading to gelation. Following this, we discuss the relevance of this model for mechanical signatures of biological tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives of Theoretical Medicine)
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19 pages, 2733 KiB  
Article
Footprints of a Singular 22-Nucleotide RNA Ring at the Origin of Life
by Jacques Demongeot and Alexandra Henrion-Caude
Biology 2020, 9(5), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9050088 - 25 Apr 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5213
Abstract
(1) Background: Previous experimental observations and theoretical hypotheses have been providing insight into a hypothetical world where an RNA hairpin or ring may have debuted as the primary informational and functional molecule. We propose a model revisiting the architecture of RNA-peptide interactions at [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Previous experimental observations and theoretical hypotheses have been providing insight into a hypothetical world where an RNA hairpin or ring may have debuted as the primary informational and functional molecule. We propose a model revisiting the architecture of RNA-peptide interactions at the origin of life through the evolutionary dynamics of RNA populations. (2) Methods: By performing a step-by-step computation of the smallest possible hairpin/ring RNA sequences compatible with building up a variety of peptides of the primitive network, we inferred the sequence of a singular docosameric RNA molecule, we call the ALPHA sequence. Then, we searched for any relics of the peptides made from ALPHA in sequences deposited in the different public databases. (3) Results: Sequence matching between ALPHA and sequences from organisms among the earliest forms of life on Earth were found at high statistical relevance. We hypothesize that the frequency of appearance of relics from ALPHA sequence in present genomes has a functional necessity. (4) Conclusions: Given the fitness of ALPHA as a supportive sequence of the framework of all existing theories, and the evolution of Archaea and giant viruses, it is anticipated that the unique properties of this singular archetypal ALPHA sequence should prove useful as a model matrix for future applications, ranging from synthetic biology to DNA computing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives of Theoretical Medicine)
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