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Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease...
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Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 17434

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Taisun Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea
Interests: supramolecular chemistry; microarray; protein chips; lateral flow strip membrane assay
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Satish Balasaheb Nimse

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: medicinal chemistry; bioorganic chemistry; supramolecular chemistry; biosensors; chemosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There have been tremendous advances in the field of biosensors for the detection of disease biomarkers. The biosensor technologies, including DNA chips, protein chips, microfluidics, and lateral flow membrane strips, are state-of-the-art technologies that allow for the efficient detection of various biomarkers at the sub-nanomolar range. The advances in surface modification chemistry and biomolecule-conjugation chemistry have extended the applications of biosensors for the detection and quantification of biomarker proteins and the detection of nucleic acids of infectious agents such as SARS-Cov-2. The nucleic acid microarrays and protein microarrays have provided opportunities for the multiplex detection of disease biomarkers. In comparison, microfluidics and lateral flow immunoassays have paved the way for point-of-care diagnostics. Nonetheless, early identification of diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular diseases, even before the appearance of symptoms, is still a distant goal.

In this regard, continuous and highly productive research in the development of biosensor technologies is warranted during the next decade. Indeed, the novel advances in biosensor technologies will allow for the detection of stage 0 ~ 1 cancers where the survival rates are close to 100%. Therefore, this Special Issue, "Advances in the biosensor technologies for detecting disease biomarkers," focuses on the recent developments in biosensors that allow for sensitive and highly specific detection of disease biomarkers (DNA, RNA, antigen, antibody, small molecules). We invite submissions of research and review articles that may help to advance the field of biosensor technologies.

Prof. Dr. Taisun Kim
Prof. Dr. Satish Balasaheb Nimse
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microarray
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • biomarkers
  • DNA
  • miRNA
  • hybridization
  • antigen
  • antibody
  • small molecules

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3761 KiB  
Article
Carrageenan from Gigartina skottsbergii: A Novel Molecular Probe to Detect SARS-CoV-2
by Patrícia Daiane Zank, Milena Mattes Cerveira, Victor Barboza dos Santos, Vitor Pereira Klein, Thobias Toniolo de Souza, Danielle Tapia Bueno, Tais Poletti, Amanda Fonseca Leitzke, Janice Luehring Giongo, Neftali Lenin Villarreal Carreño, Andrés Mansilla, Maria Soledad Astorga-España, Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira and Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher
Biosensors 2023, 13(3), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13030378 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2489
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health and economic crisis, highlighting the importance of developing new molecular tools to monitor and detect SARS-CoV-2. Hence, this study proposed to employ the carrageenan extracted from Gigartina skottsbergii algae as a probe for SARS-CoV-2 virus [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health and economic crisis, highlighting the importance of developing new molecular tools to monitor and detect SARS-CoV-2. Hence, this study proposed to employ the carrageenan extracted from Gigartina skottsbergii algae as a probe for SARS-CoV-2 virus binding capacity and potential use in molecular methods. G. skottsbergii specimens were collected in the Chilean subantarctic ecoregion, and the carrageenan was extracted —using a modified version of Webber’s method—, characterized, and quantified. After 24 h of incubation with an inactivated viral suspension, the carrageenan’s capacity to bind SARS-CoV-2 was tested. The probe-bound viral RNA was quantified using the reverse transcription and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) methods. Our findings showed that carrageenan extraction from seaweed has a similar spectrum to commercial carrageenan, achieving an excellent proportion of binding to SARS-CoV-2, with a yield of 8.3%. Viral RNA was also detected in the RT-LAMP assay. This study shows, for the first time, the binding capacity of carrageenan extracted from G. skottsbergii, which proved to be a low-cost and highly efficient method of binding to SARS-CoV-2 viral particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers)
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15 pages, 3301 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Electric Field Lysis of Exosomes Immobilized on the Screen-Printed Electrode and Electrochemical Sensing of the Lysed-Exosome-Derived Protein
by Krishna Thej Pammi Guru, Nusrat Praween and Palash Kumar Basu
Biosensors 2023, 13(3), 323; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13030323 - 27 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2973
Abstract
It is important to isolate exosomes (<150 nm) from biofluid for diagnosis or prognosis purposes, followed by sensing of exosomal proteins. In the present work, exosomes are isolated from human serum by immobilizing on a Screen-Printed Electrode (SPE) followed by electric field lysis [...] Read more.
It is important to isolate exosomes (<150 nm) from biofluid for diagnosis or prognosis purposes, followed by sensing of exosomal proteins. In the present work, exosomes are isolated from human serum by immobilizing on a Screen-Printed Electrode (SPE) followed by electric field lysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensing of relevant exosomal proteins (HSP70 and HER2). Upon immobilization of exosomes on the surface, the role of different electrical signals (sinusoidal and square wave) in the lysis of exosomes was studied by varying the frequency and voltage. HSP70 was used for EIS to determine the optimal voltage and frequency for lysing the exosomes. It was observed that the low frequencies and, specifically, sinusoidal signals are ideal for lysing exosomes as compared to square signals. The relative quantity of HSP70 obtained by lysing with different voltages (sinusoidal waveform) was compared using Western blotting. After electric field lysis of the exosome with an optimized signal, HER2, a breast cancer biomarker, was detected successfully from serum by EIS. In the proposed technique, 3.5 × 108 exosomes/mL were isolated from serum. With the limit of detection of 10 pg, the designed cell showed a linear detection of HER2 from 0.1 ng to 1 µg. It was observed from the results that the electric field lysis of exosomes not only plays a significant role in releasing the cargo protein but also improves the sensing of surface proteins associated with exosomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers)
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11 pages, 1515 KiB  
Article
Changes in Coordination and Its Variability with an Increase in Functional Performance of the Lower Extremities
by Clint Hansen, Baraah Chebil, John Cockroft, Edoardo Bianchini, Robbin Romijnders and Walter Maetzler
Biosensors 2023, 13(2), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020156 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2285
Abstract
Clinical gait analysis has a long-standing tradition in biomechanics. However, the use of kinematic data or segment coordination has not been reported based on wearable sensors in “real-life” environments. In this work, the skeletal kinematics of 21 healthy and 24 neurogeriatric participants was [...] Read more.
Clinical gait analysis has a long-standing tradition in biomechanics. However, the use of kinematic data or segment coordination has not been reported based on wearable sensors in “real-life” environments. In this work, the skeletal kinematics of 21 healthy and 24 neurogeriatric participants was collected in a magnetically disturbed environment with inertial measurement units (IMUs) using an accelerometer-based functional calibration method. The system consists of seven IMUs attached to the lower back, the thighs, the shanks, and the feet to acquire and process the raw sensor data. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test was performed to relate joint kinematics and segment coordination to the overall SPPB score. Participants were then divided into three subgroups based on low (0–6), moderate (7–9), or high (10–12) SPPB scores. The main finding of this study is that most IMU-based parameters significantly correlated with the SPPB score and the parameters significantly differed between the SPPB subgroups. Lower limb range of motion and joint segment coordination correlated positively with the SPPB score, and the segment coordination variability correlated negatively. The results suggest that segment coordination impairments become more pronounced with a decreasing SPPB score, indicating that participants with low overall SPPB scores produce a peculiar inconsistent walking pattern to counteract lower extremity impairment in strength, balance, and mobility. Our findings confirm the usefulness of SPPB through objectively measured parameters, which may be relevant for the design of future studies and clinical routines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers)
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11 pages, 3043 KiB  
Article
Preparation of a Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Aptasensor for Measuring Epirubicin Based on a Gold Electrode Boosted with Carbon Nano-Onions and MB
by Esmail Sohouli, Masoumeh Ghalkhani, Tahereh Zargar and Farhad Ahmadi
Biosensors 2022, 12(12), 1139; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121139 - 7 Dec 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2307
Abstract
Epirubicin is prescribed as an essential drug for treating breast, prostate, uterine, and gastrointestinal cancers. It has many side effects, such as heart failure, mouth inflammation, abdominal pain, fever, and shortness of breath. Its measurement is necessary by straightforward and cheap methods. The [...] Read more.
Epirubicin is prescribed as an essential drug for treating breast, prostate, uterine, and gastrointestinal cancers. It has many side effects, such as heart failure, mouth inflammation, abdominal pain, fever, and shortness of breath. Its measurement is necessary by straightforward and cheap methods. The application of aptamer-based electrochemical sensors is accounted as a selective option for measuring different compounds. In this work, a thiol-modified aptamer was self-assembled on the surface of the gold electrode (AuE) boosted with carbon nano-onions (CNOs), and coupled with methylene blue (MB) as an electroactive tracker to achieve a sensitive and selective aptasensor. In the absence of the epirubicin, CNOs binds to the aptamer through a π-π interaction enhancing the MB electrochemical signal. When epirubicin binds to the aptamer, the adsorption of CNOs and MB to the aptamer is not well established, so the electrochemical signal is reduced, consequently, the epirubicin value can be measured. The prepared aptasensor demonstrated an excellent sensitivity with a curve slope of 0.36 μI/nM, and 3 nM limit of detection in the linear concentration range of 1–75 nM. The prepared aptasensor was accurately capable of measuring epirubicin in blood serum samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers)
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16 pages, 5960 KiB  
Article
Elimination Reaction-Based Benzimidazole Probe for Cysteine Detection and Its Application in Serum Sample Analysis
by In-ho Song, Gyu Seong Yeom, Anil Kuwar and Satish Balasaheb Nimse
Biosensors 2022, 12(4), 224; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12040224 - 8 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2336
Abstract
Benzimidazole-based compound 2-(p-tolyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (3) and its derivative probe A-B have been synthesized for the highly selective detection and quantification of Cys in human serum. The photophysical properties of A-B and compound 3 were evaluated by UV-vis absorption [...] Read more.
Benzimidazole-based compound 2-(p-tolyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (3) and its derivative probe A-B have been synthesized for the highly selective detection and quantification of Cys in human serum. The photophysical properties of A-B and compound 3 were evaluated by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. A-B showed high selectivity and sensitivity for Cys among tested analytes, including amino acids, anions, and cations. A-B selectively reacts with Cys and results in compound 3 with fluorescence turn-on effect. A-B did not show any interference from the components in the serum matrix for Cys detection in the human serum sample. A-B detects Cys in serum samples with 2.3–5.4-fold better LOD than reported methods. The detection limit of 86 nM and 43 nM in HEPES buffer using UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively, makes A-B an excellent chemosensor for Cys detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers)
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15 pages, 11811 KiB  
Article
Detection and Quantification of Tp53 and p53-Anti-p53 Autoantibody Immune Complex: Promising Biomarkers in Early Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis
by Keum-Soo Song, Satish Balasaheb Nimse, Shrikant Dashrath Warkad, Jung-Hoon Kim, Hey-Jin Kim and Taisun Kim
Biosensors 2022, 12(2), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12020127 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3697
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming nearly 1.80 million lives in 2020. Screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality by about 20% compared to standard chest X-rays among current or heavy smokers. However, several reports indicate [...] Read more.
Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming nearly 1.80 million lives in 2020. Screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality by about 20% compared to standard chest X-rays among current or heavy smokers. However, several reports indicate that LDCT has a high false-positive rate. In this regard, methods based on biomarker detection offer excellent potential for developing noninvasive cancer diagnostic tests to complement LDCT for detecting stage 0∼IV lung cancers. Herein, we have developed a method for detecting and quantifying a p53-anti-p53 autoantibody complex and the total p53 antigen (wild and mutant). The LOD for detecting Tp53 and PIC were 7.41 pg/mL and 5.74 pg/mL, respectively. The detection ranges for both biomarkers were 0–7500 pg/mL. The known interfering agents in immunoassays such as biotin, bilirubin, intra-lipid, and hemoglobin did not detect Tp53 and PIC, even at levels that were several folds higher levels than their normal levels. Furthermore, the present study provides a unique report on this preliminary investigation using the PIC/Tp53 ratio to detect stage I–IV lung cancers. The presented method detects lung cancers with 81.6% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity. These results indicate that the presented method has high applicability for the identification of lung cancer patients from the healthy population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers)
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