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Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management
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Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Architectural Design, Urban Science, and Real Estate".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2023) | Viewed by 13921

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alban Kuriqi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CERIS—Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Lisbon. Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: renewable energy; hydropower impacts; water management; ecohydrology; ecohydraulic; river restoration; climate change
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rawaz Kurda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. CERIS—Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Lisbon. Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
2. Department of Highway and Bridge Engineering, Technical Engineering College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
Interests: environmental impact; materials science; life cycle assessment; geopolymer concrete; green concrete; Alkali-activated materials; supplementary cementitious materials; construction and demolition waste; Sustainable concrete and mortar; Costs (economy); multi-criteria analysis; optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The design of safe and sustainable structures and their installations is a crucial issue in hydraulic engineering. Hydraulic structures are artificial waterworks interacting with the rainfall run-off to store and convey water or to mitigate run-off impact. Typically, the design of a hydraulic structure requires knowing how much water is associated with the design discharge and calculating the velocity, depth, and hydraulic regime that must be accounted for in the design process. Current approaches in hydraulic structure design tend to still be conservative, not differing much from ancient designs. Modern structures are often designed based upon simplistic concepts to optimize their performances and lifecycle environmental and economic impact.

In many cases, hydraulic structures such as dams, spillways, weirs, culverts, and canals fail to fulfill the purpose for what they were built and/or induce substantial environmental impacts due to the large amounts of construction materials used, landscape destruction, and in the way how those structures operate, such as being non-friendly for the ecosystem, e.g., for fishes. Lack of continuous monitoring and weak management practices make those structures even less effective and sustainable. However, today’s hydraulic engineers must embrace several new challenges and environmental requirements, emerging in response to the quickly growing world population, climate change, conservation of the landscape aquatic ecosystems, evolving agriculture, and growing industrial needs.

Therefore, in a broad view, this SI aims to bring original studies and comprehensive review regarding the eco-friendly design concepts, type of construction materials used for the construction, and best practices regarding monitoring and management of hydraulic structures. In particular, the following topics are of high interest for this SI:

  • Dams;
  • Spillways;
  • Weirs;
  • Upstream and downstream fish passage at dams and Run-of-River hydropower plants;
  • Upstream and downstream fish passage at road culverts;
  • Drainage systems;
  • Stormwater convey systems;
  • Flood control structures;
  • Self-aeration at hydraulic structures;
  • Transient turbulence in canals and conveyance structures;
  • Life cycle environmental and economic impact of construction materials for hydraulic structures;
  • Monitoring of hydraulic structures;
  • Management of hydraulic structures.

Dr. Alban Kuriqi
Dr. Rawaz Kurda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydraulic structures
  • reservoir
  • culverts
  • bridges
  • fishways
  • risk assessment
  • hydraulic structures failure
  • monitoring
  • management
  • sustainable materials
  • eco-friendly hydraulic structures
  • life cycle assessment
  • optimization

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2271 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Jeziorsko Dam Reservoir on Water Flow in the Warta River
by Bogumił Nowak, Mariusz Ptak, Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta and Mariusz Sojka
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1624; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101624 - 7 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1855
Abstract
The progressing development of civilisation and climate change require access to an appropriate quantity of environmental resources. One of the key resources is water. Both its deficit and excess evidently affect human life. Control over water circulation is possible owing to water management, [...] Read more.
The progressing development of civilisation and climate change require access to an appropriate quantity of environmental resources. One of the key resources is water. Both its deficit and excess evidently affect human life. Control over water circulation is possible owing to water management, largely involving introduction of hydraulic structures. The paper analyses the effect of the Jeziorsko dam reservoir on the flows of the Warta River, the third largest river in Poland. It analyses water flows in the Warta River in the years 1993–2020 for hydrological stations above and below the reservoir. The conducted research showed that the construction of the Jeziorsko reservoir also substantially contributed to an increase in minimum flows and a decrease in maximum flows. Moreover, the simulation showed that in the case of abscence of the reservoir, the flows of the Warta River would be higher in the period from January to June, and in the period from July to October the opposite situation would occur. In November and December, the flows would be at a similar level. Results obtained in the study, show that hydraulic structures are an effective solution in the context of stabilisation of the hydrological situation in a given region, particularly in terms of hydrological lows occurring with increasing intensity mitigated on sections of rivers below the reservoirs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management)
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14 pages, 2938 KiB  
Article
Monitoring of the Technical Condition and Optimisation of the Functioning of Small Hydraulic Structures in Poland: The Case Study of the Oświecim Weir
by Bogumił Nowak, Mariusz Ptak and Mariusz Sojka
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1527; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101527 - 24 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1770
Abstract
Successively conducted monitoring and inspections allow for the detection of emerging issues and their elimination. The objective of this study is the analysis of the administrative procedures related to the monitoring of the technical condition of small hydraulic structures in Poland. The case [...] Read more.
Successively conducted monitoring and inspections allow for the detection of emerging issues and their elimination. The objective of this study is the analysis of the administrative procedures related to the monitoring of the technical condition of small hydraulic structures in Poland. The case study of the Oświecim Weir on the Prosna River presents the parameters subject to assessment and further activities aimed at the elimination of the detected defects. The obtained results showed damage to its concrete structures, including cracks and cavities. The undertaken activities related to the complete remodelling of the Oświecim Weir and the incurred costs generally result from the environmental conditions (water flows in the Prosna River), directly causing the necessity for the stabilisation of water conditions in the area. In the context of the observed climatic changes, the problem is faced by more and more regions around the globe. The proper technical condition of hydraulic structures, resulting from diligent monitoring, provides the basis for the mitigation of this unfavourable situation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management)
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15 pages, 3852 KiB  
Article
Full-Scale Interface Friction Testing of Geotextile-Based Flood Defence Structures
by Emmett Klipalo, Mohsen Besharat and Alban Kuriqi
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 990; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070990 - 11 Jul 2022
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2299
Abstract
Open-topped woven polypropylene cellular containers filled with dense granular ballasts are often used as emergency flood defence structures. The effectiveness of these systems is highly dependent on the interaction with their bedding surface. The characteristics of the foundation will often govern the system’s [...] Read more.
Open-topped woven polypropylene cellular containers filled with dense granular ballasts are often used as emergency flood defence structures. The effectiveness of these systems is highly dependent on the interaction with their bedding surface. The characteristics of the foundation will often govern the system’s overall resistance to applied loading imposed by retained floodwater. However, the frictional relationship between polypropylene bulk bag flood defences and common bedding surfaces has not been extensively investigated. This study aims to reduce the reliance on arbitrary static friction coefficients by measuring and presenting actual data obtained through quantitative testing. This study presents the results of full-scale field testing to quantify the frictional resistance generated between filled polypropylene bulk bags and seven common bedding surfaces. Findings resulting from testing each interface scenario are expressed as coefficients of static friction. Test interfaces affording high frictional resistance comprised an unmade gravel road (µ = 0.74) and grass (µ = 0.64). Contrastingly, interfaces generating significantly lower frictional resistance were steel floated concrete (µ = 0.40) and polypropylene plastic (µ = 0.40). Test interfaces involving asphalt (µ = 0.54) and tamped concrete (µ = 0.56–0.58) were also investigated. This study recommends new friction coefficients necessary to characterise the structural stability analysis of bulk bag flood defences with greater accuracy. Practical advice based on experimental observation and field design experience is also given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management)
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14 pages, 3466 KiB  
Article
Hydraulic Structures as a Key Component of Sustainable Water Management at the Catchment Scale—Case Study of the Rgilewka River (Central Poland)
by Bogumił Nowak, Mariusz Ptak, Jan Bartczak and Mariusz Sojka
Buildings 2022, 12(5), 675; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12050675 - 19 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2653
Abstract
Poland is among the European countries with the lowest water resources. The central part of Poland features the least water resources in the country. In this region, proper water management is particularly critical to maintaining high agricultural productivity. The objective of this study [...] Read more.
Poland is among the European countries with the lowest water resources. The central part of Poland features the least water resources in the country. In this region, proper water management is particularly critical to maintaining high agricultural productivity. The objective of this study was to present the effects of the restoration of hydrotechnical infrastructure in the Rgilewka River catchment in the zone of the greatest water deficits. This paper analyses the effects of such works on water resources and their management. The catchment featured seven weirs in 2014, all built in the 1950s. Due to the lack of maintenance and ongoing renovation, they have lost their basic functions. In 2014, modernisation of the system commenced by rebuilding all the existing weirs. Two new weirs were also constructed. The work was completed in 2021. The currently existing weirs provide greater water retention and management capabilities. The direct impact of weirs ranges from 1.9 to 3.5 ha, their indirect impact from 34 to 70 ha, and the river channel retention varies from 2200 to 5400 m3. Total water retention in the Rgilewka River channel due to the modernisation of hydrotechnical infrastructure reaches 25,400 m3. The direct (total) impact range will cover an area of 16.4 ha, and the indirect impact range an area of 284 ha. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management)
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22 pages, 6284 KiB  
Article
Application of Multi-Criteria Analytic Methods in the Assessment of the Technical Conditions of Small Hydraulic Structures
by Mateusz Hämmerling, Tomasz Kałuża, Paweł Zawadzki, Stanisław Zaborowski, Mariusz Sojka, Daniel Liberacki and Mariusz Ptak
Buildings 2022, 12(2), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020115 - 25 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2441
Abstract
Increasing water demand, combined with unfavourable climate change, creates a need for well-thought-out water management. Such goals are realised thanks to appropriate hydrotechnical infrastructure, the efficiency and functionality of which depend on its technical condition. In the literature, there is no method for [...] Read more.
Increasing water demand, combined with unfavourable climate change, creates a need for well-thought-out water management. Such goals are realised thanks to appropriate hydrotechnical infrastructure, the efficiency and functionality of which depend on its technical condition. In the literature, there is no method for the assessment of the technical condition of small damming structures, including sluice gates. The aim of this article was to present the possibility of using the multi-criteria AHP decision support method to assess the technical condition of small damming structures. The assessment included both concrete elements (spillways, abutments, and apron) and steel elements (gates and hoisting equipment). The analyses considered the effects of growing vegetation, the condition of concrete surfaces (e.g., cracks, cavities, exposed rebar) and steel elements (corrosion, deterioration). A hybrid method was used to study the assessment of the technical condition of water structures. It consisted of a modified Zawadzki’s method and weights which were determined by different groups of respondents with industry backgrounds (university students and experts) using the AHP method. The obtained results show that the factors related to the holes and corrosion of the gate elements had the highest value of the matrix solution vector. The last level of the tree structure indicated that the condition of the spillway and gate is the most important factor in the technical condition assessment. As the assessment considers commonly available parameters, the proposed method is universal and can be used in the assessment of other structures of this type in different regions of the world, which is important in terms of their functioning, planned repairs, and optimal use in water resource management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Hydraulic Structures: Design, Monitoring, and Management)
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