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Cells
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Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry—Second Edition
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Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry—Second Edition

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Tissues and Organs".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 2672

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Li Xiao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: dentistry; regenerative medicine; stem cells; tissue engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is the expanded second edition of the Special Issue “Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry”, which was very successful with 13 papers published in the 1st edition. During the past two decades, regenerative dentistry has intensified dental research and clinical treatments. Stem cells from oral tissue (e.g., dental pulp, jawbone, periodontal ligament, and lamina propria of the oral mucosa, oral epithelium, salivary glands and the developing tooth organ) have shown potential for the regeneration of various tissues and organs. Through stem cell banking, oral stem cells can be cryogenically preserved for future use in regenerative and personalized medicine. On the other hand, newly developed dental materials and reagents have been used for orofacial tissue repair in experimental research and clinical practice.

This Special Issue welcomes manuscripts (including original research articles, reviews and others) providing insight into the applications of oral stem cells; regenerative medicine; orofacial tissue repair; bioengineering of tooth, periodontal tissue and salivary glands; oral stem cell banking; and dental materials for tissue regeneration. We are interested in a wide range of works, including experimental and preclinical studies.

We look forward to your contributions.

Previous articles published in the 1st edition can be read at the following link:
https://www.mdpi.com/journal/cells/special_issues/Advances_Regenerative_Dentistry.

Dr. Li Xiao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral stem cells
  • oral tissue regeneration
  • bioengineering
  • dental materials
  • stem cell banking

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 4498 KiB  
Article
Polycarbonate–Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Three Dimensional Printing Material Exhibits Biocompatibility and Enhances Osteogenesis and Gingival Tissue Formation with Human Cells
by Li Xiao, Naohiro Shimamura, Takashi Kamio, Ryoji Ide, Mai Mochizuki and Taka Nakahara
Cells 2025, 14(3), 167; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14030167 - 22 Jan 2025
Viewed by 655
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) printing materials are widely used in dental applications, but their biocompatibility and interactions with human cells require evaluation. This study aimed to identify materials meeting biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and tissue-forming requirements for safe dental applications. We assessed the cytotoxicity of [...] Read more.
Three dimensional (3D) printing materials are widely used in dental applications, but their biocompatibility and interactions with human cells require evaluation. This study aimed to identify materials meeting biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and tissue-forming requirements for safe dental applications. We assessed the cytotoxicity of resins and thermoplastic filaments in human HaCaT keratinocytes, gingival fibroblasts (hGFs), and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) using PrestoBlue assays. Three resins, including two types of surgical guide resins, exhibited strong cytotoxicity after 4–72 h, while 2 h exposure to an FDA-approved surgical guide resin did not affect SHED cell viability. In contrast, six thermoplastic filaments showed no significant cytotoxicity even after 72 h. Among these, polycarbonate–acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC-ABS) demonstrated excellent toughness, heat resistance, and surface quality at a low cost. SHED cells cultured on PC-ABS dishes and micro bone structures showed strong proliferation and osteogenic potential. Culture inserts made of PC-ABS also supported the growth of HaCaT keratinocytes and the hGFs formed gingival tissue, which was superior to that formed on commercially available PET inserts. In conclusion, PC-ABS is a promising 3D printing material for dental applications due to its biocompatibility, ability to promote osteogenesis, and support for gingival tissue formation, with no observed cytotoxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry—Second Edition)
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15 pages, 2282 KiB  
Article
Influence of Soft and Stiff Matrices on Cytotoxicity in Gingival Fibroblasts: Implications for Soft Tissue Biocompatibility
by Ye-Jin Yang, Donghyeon Yeo, Seong-Jin Shin, Jun Hee Lee and Jung-Hwan Lee
Cells 2024, 13(23), 1932; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13231932 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 687
Abstract
The biocompatibility of dental materials is critical for ensuring safety in clinical applications. However, standard in vitro cytotoxicity assays often rely on stiff tissue culture plastic (TCP), which does not accurately replicate the biomechanical properties of soft oral tissues. In this study, we [...] Read more.
The biocompatibility of dental materials is critical for ensuring safety in clinical applications. However, standard in vitro cytotoxicity assays often rely on stiff tissue culture plastic (TCP), which does not accurately replicate the biomechanical properties of soft oral tissues. In this study, we compared human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on soft, gel-based substrates mimicking gingival tissue stiffness (0.2 kPa) with those cultured on conventional TCP (3 GPa) to assess the influence of substrate stiffness on the cytotoxicity of methyl methacrylate (MMA), as well as other cytotoxic agents, including DMSO and H2O2. The results demonstrated that cells cultured on softer substrates exhibited enhanced resistance to cytotoxic stress, with increased viability and decreased apoptosis and DNA damage following exposure to MMA, DMSO, and H2O2. Notably, HGFs on soft substrates showed significantly greater resilience to MMA-induced cytotoxicity compared to those cultured on TCP. These findings emphasize the critical role of substrate stiffness in modulating cellular responses to toxic agents and highlight the necessity of using physiologically relevant models for cytotoxicity testing of dental materials. This study provides valuable insights for improving biocompatibility assessment protocols in clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry—Second Edition)
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Review

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28 pages, 943 KiB  
Review
Cell Homing Strategies in Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
by David Kim and Sahng G. Kim
Cells 2025, 14(3), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14030201 - 29 Jan 2025
Viewed by 318
Abstract
Cell homing, a process that leverages the body’s natural ability to recruit cells and repair damaged tissues, presents a promising alternative to cell transplantation methods. Central to this approach is the recruitment of endogenous stem/progenitor cells—such as those from the apical papilla, bone [...] Read more.
Cell homing, a process that leverages the body’s natural ability to recruit cells and repair damaged tissues, presents a promising alternative to cell transplantation methods. Central to this approach is the recruitment of endogenous stem/progenitor cells—such as those from the apical papilla, bone marrow, and periapical tissues—facilitated by chemotactic biological cues. Moreover, biomaterial scaffolds embedded with signaling molecules create supportive environments, promoting cell migration, adhesion, and differentiation for the regeneration of the pulp–dentin complex. By analyzing in vivo animal studies using cell homing strategies, this review explores how biomolecules and scaffold materials enhance the recruitment of endogenous stem cells to the site of damaged dental pulp tissue, thereby promoting repair and regeneration. It also examines the key principles, recent advancements, and current limitations linked to cell homing-based regenerative endodontic therapy, highlighting the interplay of biomaterials, signaling molecules, and their broader clinical implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry—Second Edition)
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25 pages, 3319 KiB  
Review
Peri-Implant Soft Tissue in Contact with Zirconium/Titanium Abutments from Histological and Biological Perspectives: A Concise Review
by Fatma A. N. Abouel Maaty, Mai A. Ragab, Yasmin M. El-Ghazawy, Fatma I. Elfaiedi, Marwa M. S. Abbass, Israa Ahmed Radwan, Dina Rady, Sara El Moshy, Nahed Sedky Korany, Geraldine M. Ahmed, Christof E. Dörfer and Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
Cells 2025, 14(2), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14020129 - 17 Jan 2025
Viewed by 525
Abstract
Dental implants are crucial in contemporary oral rehabilitation, necessitating optimal integration with the surrounding soft tissues for durable success. The attachment between the implant surface and peri-implant mucosa should establish a secure seal to prevent bacterial infiltration and subsequent tissue inflammation. This concise [...] Read more.
Dental implants are crucial in contemporary oral rehabilitation, necessitating optimal integration with the surrounding soft tissues for durable success. The attachment between the implant surface and peri-implant mucosa should establish a secure seal to prevent bacterial infiltration and subsequent tissue inflammation. This concise review examines the histological and biological perspectives of peri-implant soft tissue reactions to zirconium and titanium abutments, shedding light on their respective advantages and limitations. While titanium has been the gold standard, zirconia has gained attention due to its biocompatibility and aesthetic appeal. Histological studies show comparable soft tissue attachment and inflammatory responses between the two materials. Further research is needed to explore surface treatments and optimize outcomes in dental implant rehabilitation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Regenerative Dentistry—Second Edition)
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