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Diagnostics
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Novel Markers to Explore COPD
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Novel Markers to Explore COPD

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 15657

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Valerian Dormoy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Reims, France
2. Inserm UMR-S 1250, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, URCA, Reims, France
Interests: mechanisms of epithelial cell plasticity in homeostasis and diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The clinical management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requires additional tools to identify risks, establish diagnoses, provide therapeutics and monitor patients. Promising novel areas of investigation revolve around four main biological scales: (1) molecular markers including genetic studies and the identification of receptors, enzymes, miRNA and lncRNA; (2) organelles/structural markers including exosomes, vesicles, mitochondria and cilia; (3) cellular markers including the identification of human cell populations (immune cells, epithelial cells) and bacteria; (4) clinical markers including patient data (smoking, comorbidities, exacerbations etc.), medical imaging data and biological samples from multiple origins (sputum, blood, breath etc.).

The aim of this Special Issue of the journal entitled “Novel Markers to Explore COPD” is to provide original novel data and reviews covering all aspects of molecular, cellular, structural and clinical markers, which will provide new insights and evidence for the diagnosis of COPD.

Dr. Valerian Dormoy
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cell surface and hormone receptors
  • Enzymes and metabolites
  • Nucleic acids and their modifications
  • Vesicles, exosomes and organelles
  • Lung cell populations
  • Imaging techniques
  • Biological samples analysis
  • Clinical data exploration

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1649 KiB  
Communication
Impaired Ciliary Beat Frequency and Ciliogenesis Alteration during Airway Epithelial Cell Differentiation in COPD
by Julien Ancel, Randa Belgacemi, Zania Diabasana, Jeanne-Marie Perotin, Arnaud Bonnomet, Maxime Dewolf, Claire Launois, Pauline Mulette, Gaëtan Deslée, Myriam Polette and Valérian Dormoy
Diagnostics 2021, 11(9), 1579; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11091579 - 31 Aug 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3038
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent respiratory disease. However, its pathophysiology remains partially elucidated. Epithelial remodeling including alteration of the cilium is a major hallmark of COPD, but specific assessments of the cilium have been rarely investigated as a diagnostic tool [...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent respiratory disease. However, its pathophysiology remains partially elucidated. Epithelial remodeling including alteration of the cilium is a major hallmark of COPD, but specific assessments of the cilium have been rarely investigated as a diagnostic tool in COPD. Here we explore the dysregulation of the ciliary function (ciliary beat frequency (CBF)) and differentiation (multiciliated cells formation in air-liquid interface cultures) of bronchial epithelial cells from COPD (n = 17) and non-COPD patients (n = 15). CBF was decreased by 30% in COPD (11.15 +/− 3.37 Hz vs. 7.89 +/− 3.39 Hz, p = 0.037). Ciliary differentiation was altered during airway epithelial cell differentiation from COPD patients. While the number of multiciliated cells decreased (p < 0.005), the number of primary ciliated cells increased (p < 0.05) and primary cilia were shorter (p < 0.05). Altogether, we demonstrate that COPD can be considered as a ciliopathy through both primary non-motile cilia modifications (related to airway epithelial cell repair and remodeling) and motile cilia function impairment (associated with decrease sputum clearance and clinical respiratory symptoms). These observations encourage considering cilia-associated features in the complex COPD physiopathology and highlight the potential of cilia-derived biomarkers for diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Markers to Explore COPD)
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11 pages, 2301 KiB  
Article
Genetic Factors Associated with COPD Depend on the Ancestral Caucasian/Amerindian Component in the Mexican Population
by Gloria Pérez-Rubio, Ramcés Falfán-Valencia, Juan Carlos Fernández-López, Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas, Rafael de Jesús Hernández-Zenteno, Fernando Flores-Trujillo and Irma Silva-Zolezzi
Diagnostics 2021, 11(4), 599; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11040599 - 27 Mar 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3119
Abstract
Genetic variability influences the susceptibility to and severity of complex diseases; there is a lower risk of COPD in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic Caucasians. In this study, we included 830 Mexican-Mestizo subjects; 299 were patients with COPD secondary to tobacco smoking, and 531 [...] Read more.
Genetic variability influences the susceptibility to and severity of complex diseases; there is a lower risk of COPD in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic Caucasians. In this study, we included 830 Mexican-Mestizo subjects; 299 were patients with COPD secondary to tobacco smoking, and 531 were smokers without COPD. We employed a customized genotyping array of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The population structure was evaluated by principal component analysis and allele association through a logistic regression model and haplotype identification. In this study, 118 individuals were identified with a high Caucasian component and 712 with a high Amerindian component. Independent of the ancestral contribution, two SNPs were associated with a reduced risk (p ≤ 0.01) of developing COPD in the CYP2A6 (rs4105144) and CYP2B6 (rs10426235) genes; however, a haplotype was associated with an increased risk of COPD (p = 0.007, OR = 2.47) in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3 loci among smokers with a high Caucasian component. In Mexican-Mestizo smokers, there are SNPs in genes that encode proteins responsible for the metabolism of nicotine associated with a lower risk of COPD; individuals with a high Caucasian component harboring a haplotype in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3 loci have a higher risk of suffering from COPD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Markers to Explore COPD)
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Review

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14 pages, 1478 KiB  
Review
Diagnostic Insights from Plethysmographic Alveolar Pressure Assessed during Spontaneous Breathing in COPD Patients
by Camilla Zilianti, Pierachille Santus, Matteo Pecchiari, Edgardo D’Angelo and Dejan Radovanovic
Diagnostics 2021, 11(6), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060918 - 21 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2500
Abstract
Since its introduction in the clinical practice, body plethysmography has assisted pneumologists in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases and patients’ follow-up, by providing easy assessment of absolute lung volumes and airway resistance. In the last decade, emerging evidence suggested that estimation of alveolar [...] Read more.
Since its introduction in the clinical practice, body plethysmography has assisted pneumologists in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases and patients’ follow-up, by providing easy assessment of absolute lung volumes and airway resistance. In the last decade, emerging evidence suggested that estimation of alveolar pressure by electronically-compensated plethysmographs may contain information concerning the mechanics of the respiratory system which goes beyond those provided by the simple value of airway resistance or conductance. Indeed, the systematic study of expiratory alveolar pressure-flow loops produced during spontaneous breathing at rest has shown that the marked expansion of expiratory loops in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients mainly reflects the presence of tidal expiratory flow-limitation. The presence of this phenomenon can be accurately predicted on the basis of loop-derived parameters. Finally, we present results suggesting that plethysmographic alveolar pressure may be used to estimate non-invasively intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) in spontaneously breathing patients, a task which previously could be only accomplished by introducing a balloon-tipped catheter in the esophagus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Markers to Explore COPD)
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13 pages, 935 KiB  
Review
Using Blood Eosinophil Count as a Biomarker to Guide Corticosteroid Treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
by Pradeesh Sivapalan, András Bikov and Jens-Ulrik Jensen
Diagnostics 2021, 11(2), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020236 - 3 Feb 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 6181
Abstract
Treating patients hospitalised with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually involves administering systemic corticosteroids. The many unwanted side effects associated with this treatment have led to increased interest in minimising the accumulated corticosteroid dose necessary to treat exacerbations. Studies have [...] Read more.
Treating patients hospitalised with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually involves administering systemic corticosteroids. The many unwanted side effects associated with this treatment have led to increased interest in minimising the accumulated corticosteroid dose necessary to treat exacerbations. Studies have shown that short-term treatment with corticosteroids is preferred, and recent trials have shown that biomarkers can be used to further reduce exposure to corticosteroids. Interestingly, high eosinophil counts in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD are indicative of an eosinophilic phenotype with a distinct response to treatment with corticosteroids. In addition, post-hoc analysis of randomised control trials have shown that higher blood eosinophil counts at the start of the study predict a greater response to inhaled corticosteroids in stable COPD. In this review, we examine the studies on this topic, describe how blood eosinophil cell count may be used as a biomarker to guide treatment with corticosteroids, and identify some relevant challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Markers to Explore COPD)
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