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Diagnostics
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Diagnostic Variables, Prevalence and Clinical Consequences of Sarcopenia and Frailty
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Diagnostic Variables, Prevalence and Clinical Consequences of Sarcopenia and Frailty

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 7355

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Juan Mielgo-Ayuso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Physical Therapy Faculty, University of Valladolid, 42004 Soria, Spain
Interests: sarcopenia; epidemiology of nutrition; exercise; obesity; nutritional assessment; nutritional supplements; iron deficiency
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jerónimo González-Bernal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
Interests: stroke; quality of life; empathy; healthcare; degenerative disease; neurology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sarcopenia and frailty are common for the elderly and create different challenges for social and health care systems worldwide in the aging population. Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass strength and function that occurs during aging and is associated with adverse individual metabolic and physical changes contributing to morbimortality. Moreover, the implications of sarcopenia on health and socioeconomic are considerable. Sarcopenia is the main component of physical fragility that incapacitates a person, leaving them incapable of living independently. On the other hand, frailty is a biological syndrome of low resistance to stressors resulting from cumulative decreases in multiple physiological systems that collectively predispose a person to negative consequences. Frailty develops throughout old age until death as physiological reserves progressively decrease an individual's ability to recover from an acute bout of illness. Knowledge of the diagnostic variables, prevalence, and clinical consequences of sarcopenia and frailty requires the multidisciplinary implementation of a comprehensive patient-centered care plan that responds to the needs of each and is adaptable, to allow a person to maintain their independence.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Biology.

Dr. Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
Dr. Jerónimo González-Bernal
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • strength
  • muscle recovery
  • skeletal muscle
  • physical activity
  • exercise
  • nutrition
  • public health
  • elderly people
  • nutrition
  • muscle wasting
  • protein synthesis
  • lifestyle
  • frailty

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5237 KiB  
Article
Dynapenia Rather Than Sarcopenia Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases
by Hiroki Nishikawa, Kazunori Yoh, Hirayuki Enomoto, Shuhei Nishiguchi and Hiroko Iijima
Diagnostics 2021, 11(7), 1262; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071262 - 14 Jul 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2389
Abstract
We aimed to examine the association between sarcopenia-related factors and metabolic syndrome (Met-S) in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs, n = 582, average age = 59.5 years, 290 males, 168 liver cirrhosis cases). Met-S was determined based on the Japanese criteria. Sarcopenia [...] Read more.
We aimed to examine the association between sarcopenia-related factors and metabolic syndrome (Met-S) in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs, n = 582, average age = 59.5 years, 290 males, 168 liver cirrhosis cases). Met-S was determined based on the Japanese criteria. Sarcopenia was determined based on grip strength (GS) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Our cohort was divided into the four groups: (A) sarcopenia (n = 44), (B) dynapenia (n = 45), (C) presarcopenia (n = 112), and (D) the control (n = 381). Impacts of GS and SMI on Met-S were investigated. In males, waist circumference (WC) ≥ 85 cm was observed in 199 patients (68.6%), while in females, WC ≥ 90 cm was observed in 94 patients (32.2%). Met-S was identified in 109 patients (18.7%). The proportion of Met-S in the group A, B, C and D were 18.2%, 48.9%, 8.0%, and 18.4% (A vs. B, p = 0.0033; B vs. C, p < 0.0001; C vs. D, p = 0.0081; A vs. C, p = 0.0867; A vs. D, p = 1.000, B vs. D, p < 0.0001; overall p value < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that age, gender, and group B (dynapenia) were significant factors linked to the presence of Met-S. In conclusion, dynapenia rather than sarcopenia is associated with Met-S in CLD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Variables, Prevalence and Clinical Consequences of Sarcopenia and Frailty)
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11 pages, 1043 KiB  
Article
Association of Inflammatory Metabolic Activity of Psoas Muscle and Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Preliminary Observational Study with 18F-FDG PET/CT
by Kisoo Pahk, Eung Ju Kim, Hyun Woo Kwon, Chanmin Joung, Hong Seog Seo and Sungeun Kim
Diagnostics 2021, 11(3), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030511 - 13 Mar 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1842
Abstract
Inflamed skeletal muscle promotes chronic inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques, thereby contributing to the increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we evaluated the metabolic activity of psoas muscle, using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), and its association [...] Read more.
Inflamed skeletal muscle promotes chronic inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques, thereby contributing to the increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we evaluated the metabolic activity of psoas muscle, using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), and its association with carotid artery inflammation and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In total, 90 participants (32 AMI, 33 chronic stable angina (CSA), and 25 control) were enrolled in this prospective study. Metabolic activity of skeletal muscle (SM) was measured by using maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of psoas muscle, and corresponding psoas muscle area (SM area) was also measured. Carotid artery inflammation was evaluated by using the target-to background ratio (TBR) of carotid artery. SM SUVmax was highest in AMI, intermediate in CSA, and lowest in control group. SM SUVmax was significantly correlated with carotid artery TBR and systemic inflammatory surrogate markers. Furthermore, SM SUVmax was independently associated with carotid artery TBR and showed better predictability than SM area for the prediction of AMI. Metabolic activity of psoas muscle assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT was associated with coronary plaque vulnerability and synchronized with the carotid artery inflammation in the participants with CAD. Furthermore, it may also be useful to predict AMI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Variables, Prevalence and Clinical Consequences of Sarcopenia and Frailty)
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11 pages, 983 KiB  
Article
Association of SARC-F Questionnaire and Mortality in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients
by Yu-Li Lin, Jia-Sian Hou, Yu-Hsien Lai, Chih-Hsien Wang, Chiu-Huang Kuo, Hung-Hsiang Liou and Bang-Gee Hsu
Diagnostics 2020, 10(11), 890; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110890 - 31 Oct 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2128
Abstract
Sarcopenia is common in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, which leads to poor outcomes. SARC-F (sluggishness, assistance in walking, rising from a chair, climb stairs, falls), a self-report questionnaire, is recommended as an easily applied tool for screening sarcopenia in older people. However, there [...] Read more.
Sarcopenia is common in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, which leads to poor outcomes. SARC-F (sluggishness, assistance in walking, rising from a chair, climb stairs, falls), a self-report questionnaire, is recommended as an easily applied tool for screening sarcopenia in older people. However, there are limited data regarding its use in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between SARC-F and mortality in these patients. SARC-F questionnaire was applied in 271 hemodialysis patients (mean age 64.4 ± 14.3 years) at baseline. The association between SARC-F and mortality during a 24-month follow-up was analyzed. During this follow-up period, 40 patients (14.8%) died. The discriminative power of SARC-F score for predicting mortality was 0.716 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.659–0.769; p < 0.001). The best cut-off was a score ≥1, which provided 85.0% sensitivity, 47.2% specificity, 21.8% positive predictive value, and 94.8% negative predictive value. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that patients with SARC-F ≥ 1 exhibited a higher risk of mortality than those with SARC-F < 1 (p < 0.001). Moreover, a stepwise decline in survival with higher SARC-F scores was also observed. After full adjustments, SARC-F ≥ 1 was independently associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.11–7.38; p = 0.029). In conclusion, SARC-F applied for sarcopenia screening predicted mortality in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Variables, Prevalence and Clinical Consequences of Sarcopenia and Frailty)
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