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Energies
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Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy
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Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 March 2025 | Viewed by 10886

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Horia Andrei

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Guest Editor
Department of Doctoral School, University Valahia of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
Interests: electrical engineering; power system analysis; modeling and simulation; electrical load management; energy efficiency; reneweable energy; data acquisition systems; distribution system analysis and optimisation; power quality
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Paul Andrei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 București, Romania
Interests: electromagnetic field analysis, modeling and simulation; measurement methods; evaluation of ferromagnetic material characteristics; numerical methods; electrical circuit analysis and simulation; renewable energy sources; power system
Dr. Marilena Stanculescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrotechnics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: electromagnetic field analysis, modeling and simulation; electromagnetic forces and energy; defectoscopy; numerical methods in electrical engineering; electrical circuit; power systems; cybersecurity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electromagnetism is a vast domain that is naturally linked to most fields within physics and engineering. This is because electric and magnetic energy are amongst the primary properties of all elementary particles. All these make electromagnetism a universal phenomenon of nature. Electromagnetic energy is found everywhere, from the atomic micro-universe to the immeasurable cosmos. The complex atomic structure of various substances—consisting of an enormous number of atoms—leads to a virtually inexhaustible variety of their electromagnetic properties. The reciprocal connection between electric and magnetic phenomena allows us to use the study of material properties to determine the internal structure of both micro-particles and bodies of macroscopic dimensions. The universal nature of electromagnetism explains its wide range of uses in industry. First, based on the study of the material properties and electromagnetic energy of a substance, technical electric and magnetic materials can be created. These materials are crucial in all modern power energy systems: in electrical engineering, radio engineering, medicine, communication systems, wireless devices, and other branches of modern technology. Secondly, using the informational aspect of electromagnetic energy and by measuring material characteristics, detailed information about other physical properties of bodies can be acquired. This is useful especially for those bodies that are difficult to access by direct investigation. The information given by the electromagnetic energy measurements is the basis of methods widely used in technology, such as electro-magneto-structural analysis and non-destructive procedures—the most important methods for the quality control of industrial production.

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to the analysis, modelling, application, and experimental methods of electromagnetic energy.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

  • The measurement, instrumentation and sensors of electromagnetic energy;
  • Power systems and electromagnetic energy;
  • Electromagnetic energy and material properties ;
  • Electromagnetic energy transmission and reception;
  • Advanced modeling approaches using electromagnetic energy;
  • Novel applications of electromagnetic energy and forces;
  • Non-destructive technologies in defectoscopy based on electromagnetic energy;
  • Modern electromagnetic devices;
  • Experimental methods of electromagnetic energy;
  • Novel applications of electromagnetic waves.

Dr. Horia Andrei
Dr. Paul Andrei
Dr. Marilena Stanculescu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electromagnetic energy
  • analysis and modeling
  • electromagnetic properties of materials
  • experimental methods
  • modern electromagnetic devices
  • non-destructive electromagnetic technology
  • novel applications of electromagnetic energy
  • transmission and reception
  • electromagnetic waves

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 7831 KiB  
Article
Smart System for Reducing Standby Energy Consumption in Residential Appliances
by Andrei Cosmin Gheorghe, Horia Andrei, Emil Diaconu and Paul Cristian Andrei
Energies 2024, 17(12), 2989; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17122989 - 18 Jun 2024
Viewed by 3713
Abstract
Residential consumption represents one of the most important percentages of total electricity consumption. A considerable number of household appliances consume energy even when they are not in operation, i.e., they are in the so-called standby state, thus producing additional costs, which become significant [...] Read more.
Residential consumption represents one of the most important percentages of total electricity consumption. A considerable number of household appliances consume energy even when they are not in operation, i.e., they are in the so-called standby state, thus producing additional costs, which become significant over time. In this context, one method to solve this problem is to develop a smart system capable of severing the power connection to devices in standby mode, thereby conserving energy and reducing the energy costs. The first step in the design of this system consists of the identification and accurate measurement of the standby state, which was carried out for three of the most common household appliances. Then, by using an ESP32 microcontroller, a system was designed to manage the operation of a relay module based on the current consumption of the connected equipment. Control over the system was achieved through a web application that works across all devices equipped with a web browser, offering functionalities to adjust current value time delays and to manually switch the system on or off. Finally, the deployment of this system across the three appliances studied led to a reduction in the energy consumption in standby mode of 26.68 kWh per month. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy)
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15 pages, 7367 KiB  
Communication
Electromechanical Energy-Based 3D-Controllable Motion of Small Matter toward Tiny Machines
by Laliphat Manamanchaiyaporn and Xiuzhen Tang
Energies 2024, 17(5), 1155; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051155 - 29 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 977
Abstract
Is it possible to remotely operate a tiny piece of matter or a less-than-one-centimeter machine to perform a medical task in life? Especially given that in the present technology, neither the mechanism nor battery is small enough to be set up inside the [...] Read more.
Is it possible to remotely operate a tiny piece of matter or a less-than-one-centimeter machine to perform a medical task in life? Especially given that in the present technology, neither the mechanism nor battery is small enough to be set up inside the structure of such a tiny machine. Yet, if the powered matter is magnetically responsive, then a magnetic field, as one of the potential power sources, can be applied to power it promisingly. Herein, the concept of electromechanical energy conversion is utilized through a specific configuration consisting of eight solenoids arranged together as a nest. The device converts electrical energy into an electromagnetic field, and finally, into mechanical energy, respectively, resulting in magnetic manipulation. Since electric energy is supplied to the configuration, eight solenoids generate the controllable magnetic field in both direction and magnitude by means of the superposition technique. The device can magnetically navigate tiny motorless matter to release mechanical energy through the 3D-controllable motion to arbitrary positions effectively and physical interactions with the surrounding environment as if operating a tiny machine. The experimental results report the feasibility of the device to control the 6-DOF locomotion of small matter precisely. The contribution of the concept based on this work leads to a promising protocol to remotely power small machines, micro-engines, micro-propellers, micro-turbines, etc. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy)
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17 pages, 9866 KiB  
Article
Efficient Transfer of the Medium Frequency Magnetic Field Using Anisotropic Metamaterials
by Adam Steckiewicz
Energies 2023, 16(1), 334; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010334 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1743
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel waveguide intended for the spatial transfer of alternating magnetic fields. Instead of ferromagnetic material, an air core was proposed, while the cladding was realized using anisotropic metamaterial, built of the resonators and a paramagnetic composite. Since prior works [...] Read more.
This paper introduces a novel waveguide intended for the spatial transfer of alternating magnetic fields. Instead of ferromagnetic material, an air core was proposed, while the cladding was realized using anisotropic metamaterial, built of the resonators and a paramagnetic composite. Since prior works regarding magnetic field transfer concentrated on static or high frequency fields, the proposed device complements the range of medium frequencies (several to hundreds of kilohertz). The three-dimensional model of the 50 cm long and 20 cm wide rectangular structure with metamaterial cladding was made in COMSOL and computed using the finite element method. Multi-turn inductors were considered and homogenized by the current sheet approximation, while an optimization solver was used to identify an optimal design of the waveguide. The analysis was made with respect to different resonators and permeability of the paramagnetic material. Additionally, the frequency response of the structure was determined. On these bases, the dependencies of the mean energy density and magnetic field intensity at the output of the waveguide were characterized. It was shown that discussed structure was able to provide an efficient transfer of the magnetic field between two ports. Thus, this device can be used to extend the distance of the wireless power transfer, especially between devices isolated by a thick barrier (e.g., wall), in which the meta-structure may be embodied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy)
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18 pages, 7528 KiB  
Article
Modeling of Magnetic Properties of Rare-Earth Hard Magnets
by Anna Przybył, Piotr Gębara, Roman Gozdur and Krzysztof Chwastek
Energies 2022, 15(21), 7951; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15217951 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1969
Abstract
Magnetic properties of hard magnets are currently attracting a great deal of attention. In the paper, the modified Harrison model was used to describe the saturating hysteresis loops of three praseodymium–dysprosium ribbons that differed in their chemical composition and processing conditions. Microstructural studies [...] Read more.
Magnetic properties of hard magnets are currently attracting a great deal of attention. In the paper, the modified Harrison model was used to describe the saturating hysteresis loops of three praseodymium–dysprosium ribbons that differed in their chemical composition and processing conditions. Microstructural studies (TEM and diffraction patterns) were performed for the ribbons under consideration. The Harrison model incorporates a number of physically tangible concepts such as the anhysteretic curve, bifurcations, and bi-stability. The modification of the original approach consisted of adding an additional degree of freedom in the modeling by freeing the restraints present in the original version, in which both coercivity and remanence are functions of temperature only. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy)
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Graphical abstract

17 pages, 6019 KiB  
Article
Research on the Influence of Various Attribute Factors on Passive Interference in UHV Transmission Lines Based on Orthogonal Test
by Jiangong Zhang, Zheyuan Gan, Xiaoyan Zhou, Pengcheng Yu, Chaoqun Jiao and Xiumin Zhang
Energies 2022, 15(13), 4510; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15134510 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1511
Abstract
Considering the problem of passive interference caused by electromagnetic scattering effects of transmission lines to neighboring radio stations and other communication equipment, this paper refines the passive interference calculation model for UHV transmission lines. The solution calculation is carried out by the Method [...] Read more.
Considering the problem of passive interference caused by electromagnetic scattering effects of transmission lines to neighboring radio stations and other communication equipment, this paper refines the passive interference calculation model for UHV transmission lines. The solution calculation is carried out by the Method of Moments, and the law of passive interference effect of the tower structure, auxiliary angles, and ground roughness under different frequency incident waves, is summarized. By designing an orthogonal test, the degree of influence of the above attributing factors on passive interference results in the established joint model of three towers with two stall distances was explored by using Analysis of Variance. The results demonstrate that both auxiliary angles and rough ground show a pattern of enhanced electromagnetic scattering effect with increasing plane wave frequency in single-factor analysis. When multiple factors are combined, the rough ground has a significant effect on the results. This method effectively evaluates the passive interference influence factor while reducing the modeling and simulation engineering and provides a reference for the passive interference prediction in subsequent practical projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Methods, and Novel Applications of Electromagnetic Energy)
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