Submit to Horticulturae Review for Horticulturae Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue
Published Papers

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Developmental Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 56672

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yuanwen Teng

E-Mail
Guest Editor

College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Interests: fruit germplasm resources; physiology and molecular biology of fruit trees; phylogeny and cultivar development of fruit trees; breeding and cultivation of fruit trees

Prof. Dr. Zhenhai Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: fruit germplasm resources; stress physiology and molecular biology of fruit trees

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flowering and fruit set are very delicate and of fundamental importance for obtaining abundant production in fruit trees and many other horticultural crops, such as fruiting vegetables or ornamental plants. Fruit quality, including internal quality and external quality, is extremely important in determining purchase and consumption decisions by consumers, which eventually determines how beneficial the fruits will be for growers. Therefore, physiology and molecular biology of flowering and fruit setting and the formation and regulation of fruit quality are important research fields in horticultural sciences. Recent advances in the establishment of high-quality reference genomes, large-scale genome re-sequencing and transcriptome databases in many of horticultural crops have made it more likely than ever to gain deep insight into the molecular regulation of flowering and fruit setting, and fruit quality.

This Special Issue aims to cover different aspects of flowering, fruit set, and fruit quality, including but not limited to flower induction and development, flowering phenology, pollination and compatibility, parthenocarpy, and fruit traits (e.g., size, shape, color, texture, aroma, sugar, and acid). We welcome contributions including original research papers, short communications, reviews, and methods.

Prof. Dr. Yuanwen Teng
Prof. Dr. Zhenhai Han
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

floral induction
flowering
fruit setting
fruit quality
fruit development
genomics
transcriptomics

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (10 papers)

Download All Papers

Order results

Result details

Show export options Show export options

Select all

Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

22 pages, 3439 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Analysis of Physiological and Biochemical Factors Affecting Flower Color of Herbaceous Peony in Different Flowering Periods

by Dongliang Zhang, Anqi Xie, Xiao Yang, Lijin Yang, Yajie Shi, Lingling Dong, Fuling Lei, Limin Sun, Mingyue Bao and Xia Sun

Horticulturae 2023, 9(4), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040502 - 18 Apr 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2459

Abstract

Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a famous ornamental plant, and the study of its flower color is of great significance for cultivating new flower varieties. To explore the factors driving the formation and change of herbaceous peony flower color, we selected five herbaceous peony varieties at four flowering stages to determine the change in flower color, petal area, and microstructure. We also examined the composition and content of petal pigments, soluble sugar and soluble protein content, pH value of cell fluid, and water content. Finally, we analyzed the correlations between each factor. We found that Pn3G5G, Pg3G5G, and Cy3G5G were the main anthocyanin components in red and purple petals. Qu3G, Qu7G, Is3G, and lutein play important roles in yellow petal formation. The change in herbaceous peony flower color during the flowering process is directly caused by changes in the anthocyanin and carotenoid content in petals. In addition, changes in other physiological indices also influence the change in flower color. This study explored the physiological and biochemical factors affecting the color of herbaceous peony petals, which has an important practical significance for studying the physiological mechanism of herbaceous peony flower color formation and color breeding of new flowers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 8758 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Effects of Vernalization on Off–Season Flowering and Gene Expression in Sub-Tropical Strawberry cv. Pharachatan 80

by Thanyarat Thammasophon, Tonapha Pusadee, Weenun Bundithya and Daruni Naphrom

Horticulturae 2023, 9(1), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9010087 - 10 Jan 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3305

Abstract

Off-season strawberry production may diversify the yield, thereby increasing costs, but the environmental conditions are a limiting factor. This experiment aimed to study the effects of vernalization on off-season flowering and gene expression in sub-tropical strawberry cv. Pharachatan 80. The factorial (2 × 2) + 1 in a completely randomized design was used in this study. Factor A was the vernalization temperatures: 2 °C and 4 °C. Factor B was the vernalization periods: 1 week and 2 weeks, compared with non-vernalization (control). The expression profile of genes was determined after vernalization treatments. The results revealed an interaction between the two factors on the number of days it took the plants to bloom, the percentage of flowering, the number of inflorescences, the number of flowers per inflorescence and the number of flowers per plant, whereas the number of first flower bloom days, inflorescence length and flower size were not affected by the interaction between the two factors. Strawberry plants vernalized for 1 and 2 weeks at 2 °C showed earlier flowering (21.4 and 23.1 days, respectively) than did those vernalized at 4 °C (24.9 and 25.7 days, respectively). On the other hand, non-vernalized strawberry plants took longer to bloom, at 62.2 days. Strawberry plants vernalized at 2 °C for 2 weeks had the highest percentage of flowering, number of inflorescences, number of flowers per inflorescence and number of flowers per plant. The analysis on gene expression showed that VRN5, SOC1 and FT genes were upregulated after vernalization at 2 °C for 2 weeks, whereas gene expression of the control treatment was not detected. This study demonstrates that vernalization treatment could induce off-season flowering in sub-tropical strawberry cv. Pharachatan 80 by activating flowering genes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 4069 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Full-Length Transcriptome and Transcriptome Sequencing Unveil Potential Mechanisms of Brassinosteroid-Induced Flowering Delay in Tree Peony

by Lin Zhang, Chengwei Song, Lili Guo, Dalong Guo, Xian Xue, Huafang Wang and Xiaogai Hou

Horticulturae 2022, 8(12), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8121136 - 2 Dec 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1936

Abstract

Tree peony (Paoenia ostii) is a famous Chinese traditional flower well-known in many countries of the world. However, the short and concentrated flowering period of tree peony greatly affects the ornamental and economic value of the flowers. Exogenous brassinosteroid (BR) treatment can delay the flowering period of ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang var. lishizhenenii B. A. Shen for 3 days, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, full-length transcriptome and transcriptome sequencing were used to mine key genes related to BR-induced delayed flowering in tree peony. The transcriptome sequencing of the petals yielded 21.27 G clean data and 62,229 isoforms. Among them, 58,218 isoforms were annotated in NR, NT, SwissProt, KEGG, KOG, InterPro and GO databases. GO and KEGG analyses showed that 2460 DEGs were related to delayed flowering in response to BR. Additionally, a total of seven genes affecting flowering were annotated from 11 isoforms, which responded to BR through three pathways to delay the flowering of P. ostii var. lishizhenii. BR treatment increased the expression of BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE3 (BSK3), potentially by promoting BRI1 ASSOCIATED KINASE RECEPTOR 1 (BAK1). Moreover, BR treatment suppressed the expression of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 1 (SPL1), possibly to inhibit the expressions of downstream WRKY genes and APETALA 2 (AP2). Meanwhile, BR treatment promoted the expression of DELLA, which might inhibit the expressions of CONSTANS (CO) and SPL. These results suggest a theoretical basis for further analyses of the molecular mechanism of flowering regulation in tree peony. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 1956 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation and Comparison of Pear Flower Aroma Characteristics of Seven Cultivars

by Xiaoying Li, Junkai Wu, Haijing Wang, Kai Zhang and Fuhang Song

Horticulturae 2022, 8(5), 352; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050352 - 20 Apr 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2784

Abstract

Due to its ornamental and medicinal value, pear flower has been historically loved and used in China. However, the current understanding of their odor-active compounds and aroma profiles is rather limited. This work aimed to evaluate and compare the overall aroma profile of pear flowers; the volatiles in flowers of seven pear cultivars (Anli, Bayuesu, Golden, Brown peel, KorlaXiangli, Lyubaoshi, Xizilü) were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). A total of 93 volatile compounds were identified and quantified within the amount of volatiles in the range of 62.7–691.8 μg kg⁻¹ (FW) and showed high and significant variability in different cultivars. Anli and Brown peel flowers showed a relatively higher volatile abundance, while KorlaXiangli flowers were significantly lower than other cultivars. Although the composition of volatiles depended on the existence of different chemical classes, the odor activity values (OAVs) and odor descriptions showed some aldehydes were part of their main peculiarities and were considered as the basic active odorants that presented strong intensity of citrus and floral odor. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed the pear flower of different cultivars could be arranged in different clusters by the identified odorants. This study provides first-hand knowledge regarding pear flower aroma profiles, and that the cultivar differences were critical for the overall pattern. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 2348 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Transcriptomic Analysis of Sex-Associated DEGs in Female and Male Flowers of Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa [A. Chev] C. F. Liang & A. R. Ferguson)

by Patricio Zapata, Makarena González, Igor Pacheco, Claudia Jorquera, Claudia Silva-Andrade, Marco Isaac Garrido, Rodrigo Infante and Juan Alfonso Salazar

Horticulturae 2022, 8(1), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010038 - 30 Dec 2021

Viewed by 27437

Abstract

Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa [A. Chev.], C.V. Liang & A. R. Ferguson, 1984) is a perennial plant, with morphologically hermaphroditic and functionally dioecious flowers. Fruits of this species are berries of great commercial and nutritional importance. Nevertheless, few studies have analyzed the molecular mechanisms involved in sexual differentiation in this species. To determine these mechanisms, we performed RNA-seq in floral tissue at stage 60 on the BBCH scale in cultivar ‘Hayward’ (H, female) and a seedling from ‘Green Light’ × ‘Tomuri’ (G × T, male). From these analyses, we obtained expression profiles of 24,888 (H) and 27,027 (G × T) genes, of which 6413 showed differential transcript abundance. Genetic ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis revealed activation of pathways associated with the translation of hormonal signals, plant-pathogen interaction, metabolism of hormones, sugars, and nucleotides. The analysis of the protein-protein interaction network showed that the genes ERL1, AG, AGL8, LFY, WUS, AP2, WRKY, and CO, are crucial elements in the regulation of the hormonal response for the formation and development of anatomical reproductive structures and gametophytes. On the other hand, genes encoding four Putative S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases (Achn201401, Achn281971, Achn047771 and Achn231981) were identified, which were up-regulated mainly in the male flowers. Moreover, the expression profiles of 15 selected genes through RT-qPCR were consistent with the results of RNA-seq. Finally, this work provides gene expression-based interactions between transcription factors and effector genes from hormonal signaling pathways, development of floral organs, biological and metabolic processes or even epigenetic mechanisms which could be involved in the kiwi sex-determination. Thus, in order to decode the nature of these interactions, it could be helpful to propose new models of flower development and sex determination in the Actinidia genus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

17 pages, 5189 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Enzymatic Browning Mechanism of Fresh-Cut Sand Pear Fruit

by Jing Fan, Wei Du, Qi-Liang Chen, Jing-Guo Zhang, Xiao-Ping Yang, Syed Bilal Hussain and Hong-Ju Hu

Horticulturae 2021, 7(11), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110502 - 16 Nov 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4217

Abstract

Pear (Pyrus spp.) is one of the most commonly consumed temperate fruits, having considerable economic and health importance. Fresh-cut or processed pear fruits are prone to browning because of the abundant phenolic compounds; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying enzymatic browning of fresh-cut sand pear fruit. In this study, fruits of two sand pear genotypes (low browning cultivar ‘Eli No.2′ and high browning cultivar ‘Weiningdahuangli’) were used to analyze the molecular mechanism of enzymatic browning by SMRT-seq and RNA-seq. The results generated 69,122 consensus isoforms, 21,336 new transcripts, 7105 alternative splicing events, and 254 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Furthermore, five genes related to enzymatic browning were predicted to be targets of six lncRNAs, and 9930 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between two different flesh browning cultivars. Meanwhile, most DEGs (e.g., PAL, 4CL, CAD, CCR, CHS, and LAR) involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were up-regulated, and the expression of PPO and POD were highly expressed in the high-browning cultivar. Interestingly, the transcript level of PbrPPO4 (Pbr000321.4) was significantly higher than other PPO and POD genes, and a high level of total polyphenol and PPO activity were observed in the high browning cultivar. We found that the expression of lncRNA PB.156.1 was significantly positively correlated with the target gene PbrPPO4 (Pbr000321.4). The results suggest that PbrPPO4 might act as a major contributor and a key enzyme encoding gene in regulating fresh-cut sand pear fruit enzymatic browning; the expression of PbrPPO4 was probably regulated by lncRNA PB.156.1. Altogether, the transcriptomic and physiological analyses expand the knowledge of sand pear flesh enzymatic browning at the molecular level and provide a foundation for germplasm resources for molecular breeding of high polyphenol and low browning cultivars in sand pears. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

15 pages, 6248 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling of Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporters in Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.

by Muhammad Moaaz Ali, Shariq Mahmood Alam, Raheel Anwar, Sajid Ali, Meng Shi, Dangdi Liang, Zhimin Lin and Faxing Chen

Horticulturae 2021, 7(11), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110441 - 1 Nov 2021

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2404

Abstract

Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) have multiple potential roles in plant metabolism such as regulation of organic acids in fruits, movement of guard cells and inducing tolerance against aluminum stress. However, the systematic characterization of ALMT genes in loquat is yet to be performed. In the current study, 24 putative ALMT genes were identified in the genome of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. To further investigate the role of those ALMT genes, comprehensive bioinformatics and expression analysis were performed. In bioinformatics analysis, the physiochemical properties, conserved domains, gene structure, conserved motif, phylogenetic and syntenic analysis of EjALMT genes were conducted. The result revealed that the ALMT superfamily domain was conserved in all EjALMT proteins. EjALMT proteins were predicted to be localized in the plasma membrane. Genomic structural and motif analysis showed that the exon and motif number of each EjALMT gene ranged dramatically, from 5 to 7, and 6 to 10, respectively. Syntenic analysis indicated that the segmental or whole-genome duplication played a vital role in extension of the EjALMT gene family. The K_a and K_s values of duplicated genes depicted that EjALMT genes have undergone a strong purifying selection. Furthermore, the expression analysis of EjALMT genes was performed in the root, mature leaf, stem, full-bloom flower and ripened fruit of loquat. Some genes were expressed differentially in examined loquat tissues, signifying their differential role in plant growth and development. This study provides the first genome-wide identification, characterization, and relative expression of the ALMT gene family in loquat and provides the foundation for further functional analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 3998 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Analysis of Light-Independent Anthocyanin Accumulation in Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

by Bin Shi, Hongxia Wu, Bin Zheng, Minjie Qian, Aiping Gao and Kaibing Zhou

Horticulturae 2021, 7(11), 423; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110423 - 21 Oct 2021

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3710

Abstract

Light dependent anthocyanin accumulation contributes to the red pigmentation of the fruit skin of mango (Mangifera indica L.). Light-independent pigmentation has also been reported, but remains poorly characterized. In this study, the pigmentation patterns in the skin of two red mango cultivars, ‘Ruby’ and ‘Sensation’, were evaluated. Metabolomic profiling revealed that quercetin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, procyanidin B1, and procyanidin B3 are the predominant flavonoid compounds in the skin of ‘Ruby’ and ‘Sensation’ fruit. Young fruit skin mainly accumulates flavonol and proanthocyanidin, while anthocyanin is mainly accumulated in the skin of mature fruit. Bagging treatment inhibited the biosynthesis of flovonol and anthocyanin, but promoted the accumulation of proanthocyanidin. Compared with ‘Sensation’, matured ‘Ruby’ fruit skin showed light red pigmentation at 120 days after full bloom (DAFB), showing a light-independent anthocyanin accumulation pattern. However, the increase of anthocyanin concentration, and the expression of key anthocyanin structural and regulatory genes MiUFGT1, MiUFGT3, and MiMYB1 in the skin of bagged ‘Ruby’ fruit versus ‘Sensation’ at 120 DAFB was very limited. There was no mutation in the crucial elements of MiMYB1 promoter between ‘Ruby’ and ‘Sensation’. We hypothesize that the light-independent anthocyanin accumulation in the skin of mature ‘Ruby’ fruit is regulated by plant hormones, and that ‘Ruby’ can be used for breeding of new more easily pigmented red mango cultivars. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 3451 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Transcripts Associated with Flowering Time of Loquat (Eriobotya japonica Lindl.)

by Haishan An, Shuang Jiang, Jiaying Zhang, Fangjie Xu and Xueying Zhang

Horticulturae 2021, 7(7), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7070171 - 1 Jul 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2755

Abstract

Flowering is an important phenophase of plant species, however, knowledge about the regulatory mechanism controlling flowering cues in loquat is limited. To identify candidate genes regulating flowering time in loquat, we used RNA-Seq technology to conduct a comparative transcriptome analysis of differentiating apical buds collected from the early-flowering variety ‘Baiyu’ and the late-flowering variety ‘Huoju’. A total of 28,842 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were identified. Of these, 42 DETs controlled flowering time while 17 other DETs were associated with the ABA signaling pathway. Compared with those in ‘Huoju’, EjFT, EjFY, EjFLK, and EjCAL1-like were significantly upregulated in ‘Baiyu’. Moreover, transcripts of the ABA 8′-hydroxylases (EjABH2, EjABH4, and EjABH4-like2), the ABA receptors (EjPYL4/8), and the bZIP transcription factor EjABI5-like were upregulated in ‘Baiyu’ compared with ‘Huoju’. Hence, they might regulate loquat flowering time. There was no significant difference between ‘Baiyu’ and ‘Huoju’ in terms of IAA content. However, the ABA content was about ten-fold higher in the apical buds of ‘Baiyu’ than in those of ‘Huoju’. The ABA:IAA ratio sharply rose and attained a peak during bud differentiation. Thus, ABA is vital in regulating floral bud formation in loquat. The results of the present study help clarify gene transcription during loquat flowering. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

20 pages, 1471 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Hormonal Signaling in the Progamic Phase of Fertilization in Plants

by Ekaterina V. Zakharova, Marat R. Khaliluev and Lidia V. Kovaleva

Horticulturae 2022, 8(5), 365; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050365 - 21 Apr 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3987

Abstract

Pollen–pistil interaction is a basic process in the reproductive biology of flowering plants and has been the subject of intense fundamental research that has a pronounced practical value. The phytohormones ethylene (ET) and cytokinin (CK) together with other hormones such as auxin, gibberellin (GA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and brassinosteroids (BRs) influence different stages of plant development and growth. Here, we mainly focus on the information about the ET and CK signaling in the progamic phase of fertilization. This signaling occurs during male gametophyte development, including tapetum (TAP) cell death, and pollen tube growth, including synergid programmed cell death (PCD) and self-incompatibility (SI)-induced PCD. ET joins the coordination of successive events in the developing anther, including the TAP development and cell death, anther dehiscence, microspore development, pollen grain maturation, and dehydration. Both ET and CK take part in the regulation of pollen–pistil interaction. ET signaling accompanies adhesion, hydration, and germination of pollen grains in the stigma and growth of pollen tubes in style tissues. Thus, ET production may be implicated in the pollination signaling between organs accumulated in the stigma and transmitted to the style and ovary to ensure successful pollination. Some data suggest that ET and CK signaling are involved in S-RNase-based SI. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality)

► Show Figures

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Flowering, Fruit Setting, Fruit Quality

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Published Papers (10 papers)

Research

Review

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI