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Anti-cancer Activity for Cancer Prevention and Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 9654

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
Interests: PRDM genes; cancers; signal transduction; cancer; cell cycle; apoptosis; androgens; estrogens; prostate cancer; breast cancer; oxidative stress; steroid receptors; testicular germ cell tumors
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Guest Editor
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 1 Lwowska Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
Interests: cancer; nutraceutical

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Guest Editor
Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy
Interests: urology; prostate cancer; nutraceuticals

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Guest Editor
Department of Simulation Applied in Medicine, The Institution Organizing University Doctoral Studies (I.O.S.U.D.), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology from Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
Interests: laparoscopic urology; urolithiasis; endourology; urologic oncology; laparoscopic surgery; surgical oncology; prostate cancer; prostate urinary tract infections; prostatic hyperplasia; cystoscopy; urinary calculi; uro-oncology; robotics & minimally invasive urology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer represents the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the advances in the treatment of several cancer types, current available therapies often fail, and patients develop drug resistance. In the last few decades, considerable efforts have been made to discover new therapeutical and prevention strategies. However, novel attempts are needed to deepen our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying multifaceted cancers, identify new therapeutic targets and design innovative drugs for cancer management.

A significant number of natural compounds, both plant- and fungus-derived, are employed for cancer prevention and treatment. Moreover, several studies have reported that natural bioactive compounds could enhance chemotherapy’s efficacy and ameliorate some of the chemotherapeutic agent side-effects. With the increasing application of molecular biology in oncology research, there has been considerable interest in studying the anti-tumor effects of these natural compounds and identifying the possible underlying mechanisms. Although numerous in vitro and in vivo studies and even clinical trials confirm the direct inhibitory effects of natural compounds on cancer cells, the exact molecular mechanism underlying these effects is still poorly understood.

This Special Issue aims to cover recent advances in the detection of new therapeutic targets and on molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of cancers.

We invite eminent researchers worldwide to submit both original research and review articles that:

  • Summarize our knowledge of molecular mechanisms displaying a pivotal role in cancer and possibly representing an effective target for therapy;
  • Provide new insights into the mechanism of action and the signaling pathways induced by natural bioactives, phytochemicals and novel compounds, with anti-cancer properties in cancer cells as well as host immune cells useful in cancer prevention and therapy;
  • Assess the therapeutic efficacy of molecular-targeted drugs;
  • Disclose novel therapeutic approaches;
  • Focus on the clinical application of new compounds displaying anti-cancer activities.

Dr. Erika Zazzo
Dr. Monica Rienzo
Dr. Małgorzata Pawlikowska
Dr. Felice Crocetto
Dr. Octavian Sabin Tataru
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • phytochemicals
  • natural compounds
  • anti-cancer activity
  • molecular markers
  • signaling pathways
  • mechanism of action
  • host immune response
  • cancer therapy
  • cancer prevention
  • discovery of new compounds useful for cancer prevention and/or therapy
  • relationship among structure and activity of cancer preventive/therapy compounds
  • in vivo mechanism of action of phytochemicals/natural bioactives/new compounds: from bench to bedside

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3080 KiB  
Article
Management of Locally Advanced Laryngeal Cancer—From Risk Factors to Treatment, the Experience of a Tertiary Hospital from Eastern Europe
by Anca-Ionela Cîrstea, Șerban Vifor Gabriel Berteșteanu, Răzvan-Valentin Scăunașu, Bogdan Popescu, Paula Luiza Bejenaru, Catrinel Beatrice Simion-Antonie, Gloria Simona Berteșteanu, Teodora Elena Diaconu, Petra Bianca Taher, Simona-Andreea Rujan, Irina-Doinița Oașă and Raluca Grigore
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 4737; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064737 - 8 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2179
Abstract
Laryngeal cancer is an important oncological entity in which prognosis depends on the establishment of appropriate preventive and diagnostic measures, especially in high-risk populations. We present a retrospective two-year study (January 2021 to December 2022) with 152 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer from [...] Read more.
Laryngeal cancer is an important oncological entity in which prognosis depends on the establishment of appropriate preventive and diagnostic measures, especially in high-risk populations. We present a retrospective two-year study (January 2021 to December 2022) with 152 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer from a tertiary hospital in Romania. The average age of the patients was 62 years old for both sexes, with a range from 44 to 83 years. The most frequent symptom was dysphonia with or without dyspnea in 142 cases (93.42%), followed by dyspnea alone in nine patients (5.92%) and dysphagia in one case (0.66%). Surgical treatment in this study consisted of partial laryngectomy (CO2 laser transoral tumor ablation, supraglottic horizontal laryngectomy or hemilaryngectomy), or total laryngectomy. The main treatment was total laryngectomy (63%). For the eight patients with initial organ preservation treatment, the average time of recurrence was about two-and-a-half years. For the four patients who underwent a total circular pharyngo-laryngectomy, the upper digestive tract needed to be rebuilt with a salivary bypass tube or with a tubed myocutaneous flap from the major pectoralis muscle. One strong point is characteristic of the study group in gathering patients with advanced stages of laryngeal carcinoma candidates for salvage surgery and extended reconstruction methods. The development of new prevention protocols is mandatory in Eastern European countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-cancer Activity for Cancer Prevention and Treatment)
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18 pages, 2062 KiB  
Article
The Characteristics and Mortality of Chinese Herbal Medicine Users among Newly Diagnosed Inoperable Huge Hepatocellular Carcinoma (≥10 cm) Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Exploration of Core Herbs
by Shu-Ling Chen, Chia-Ying Ho, Wei-Chun Lin, Chao-Wei Lee, Yu-Chun Chen, Jiun-Liang Chen and Hsing-Yu Chen
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12480; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912480 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2284
Abstract
For patients with inoperable huge hepatocellular carcinoma (H-HCC, tumor size ≥10 cm), treatment options are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with H-HCC who use Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Multi-institutional cohort data were obtained from the Chang [...] Read more.
For patients with inoperable huge hepatocellular carcinoma (H-HCC, tumor size ≥10 cm), treatment options are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with H-HCC who use Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Multi-institutional cohort data were obtained from the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD) between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2018. All patients were followed up for 3 years or until the occurrence of death. Characteristics of CHM users and risk of all-cause mortality were assessed, and core CHMs with potential pharmacologic pathways were explored. Among 1618 patients, clinical features of CHM users (88) and nonusers (1530) were similar except for lower serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) and higher serum albumin levels in CHM users. CHM users had significantly higher 3 year overall survival rates (15.0% vs. 9.7%) and 3 year liver-specific survival rates (13.4% vs. 10.7%), about 3 months longer median survival time, and lower risk of all-cause mortality. Core CHMs were discovered from the prescriptions, including Hedyotis diffusa Willd combined with Scutellaria barbata D.Don, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge., Curcuma longa L., Rheum palmatum L., and Astragalus mongholicus Bunge. CHM use appears safe and is possibly beneficial for inoperable H-HCC patients; however, further clinical trials are still required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-cancer Activity for Cancer Prevention and Treatment)
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19 pages, 4310 KiB  
Article
The Interplay of GPER1 with 17β-Aminoestrogens in the Regulation of the Proliferation of Cervical and Breast Cancer Cells: A Pharmacological Approach
by Mariana Segovia-Mendoza, Elahe Mirzaei, Heriberto Prado-Garcia, Luis D. Miranda, Alejandra Figueroa and Cristina Lemini
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12361; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912361 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1869
Abstract
The G-protein-coupled receptor for estrogen (GPER1) is a transmembrane receptor involved in the progression and development of various neoplasms whose ligand is estradiol (E2). 17β-aminoestrogens (17β-AEs) compounds, analogs to E2, are possible candidates for use in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), but our knowledge [...] Read more.
The G-protein-coupled receptor for estrogen (GPER1) is a transmembrane receptor involved in the progression and development of various neoplasms whose ligand is estradiol (E2). 17β-aminoestrogens (17β-AEs) compounds, analogs to E2, are possible candidates for use in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), but our knowledge of their pharmacological profile is limited. Thus, we explored the molecular recognition of GPER1 with different synthetic 17β-AEs: prolame, butolame, and pentolame. We compared the structure and ligand recognition sites previously reported for a specific agonist (G1), antagonists (G15 and G36), and the natural ligand (E2). Then, the biological effects of 17β-AEs were analyzed through cell viability and cell-cycle assays in two types of female cancer. In addition, the effect of 17β-AEs on the phosphorylation of the oncoprotein c-fos was evaluated, because this molecule is modulated by GPER1. Molecular docking analysis showed that 17β-AEs interacted with GPER1, suggesting that prolame joins GPER1 in a hydrophobic cavity, similarly to G1, G15, and E2. Prolame induced cell proliferation in breast (MCF-7) and cervical cancer (SIHA) cells; meanwhile, butolame and pentolame did not affect cell proliferation. Neither 17β-AEs nor E2 changed the activation of c-fos in MCF-7 cells. Meanwhile, in SIHA cells, E2 and 17β-AEs reduced c-fos phosphorylation. Thus, our data suggest that butolame and pentolame, but not prolame, could be used for HRT without presenting a potential risk of inducing breast- or cervical-cancer-cell proliferation. The novelty of this work lies in its study of compound analogs to E2 that may represent important therapeutic strategies for women in menopause, with non-significant effects on the cell viability of cancer cells. The research focused on the interactions of GPER1, a molecule recently associated with promoting and maintaining various neoplasms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-cancer Activity for Cancer Prevention and Treatment)
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15 pages, 2207 KiB  
Article
Etanercept Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction in Cafeteria Diet-Fed Rats
by Scăunaşu Răzvan-Valentin, Sertaç Ata Güler, Tijen Utkan, Tuğçe Demirtaş Şahin, Gulcin Gacar, Yusufhan Yazir, Selenay Furat Rencber, Lupușoru Mircea, Bălălău Cristian, Popescu Bogdan and Nihat Zafer Utkan
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(4), 2138; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042138 - 14 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2124
Abstract
Obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction and this relationship is probably mediated in part by inflammation. Objective: The current study evaluated the effects of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor, on endothelial and vascular reactivity, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunoreactivity, and [...] Read more.
Obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction and this relationship is probably mediated in part by inflammation. Objective: The current study evaluated the effects of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor, on endothelial and vascular reactivity, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunoreactivity, and serum and aortic concentrations of TNF-α in a diet-induced rat model. Design and results: Male weanling Wistar rats were exposed to a standard diet and cafeteria diet (CD) for 12 weeks and etanercept was administered during CD treatment. Isolated aortas of the rats were used for isometric tension recording. Carbachol-induced relaxant responses were impaired in CD-fed rats, while etanercept treatment improved these endothelium-dependent relaxations. No significant change was observed in papaverine- and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced relaxant responses. eNOS expression decreased in CD-fed rats, but no change was observed between etanercept-treated CD-fed rats and control rats. CD significantly increased both the serum and the aortic levels of TNF-α, while etanercept treatment suppressed these elevated levels. CD resulted in a significant increase in the body weight of the rats. Etanercept-treated (ETA) CD-fed rats gained less weight than both CD-fed and control rats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-cancer Activity for Cancer Prevention and Treatment)
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