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Relationship between Environmental Risk Factors and Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 874

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
Interests: PRDM genes; cancers; signal transduction; cancer; cell cycle; apoptosis; androgens; estrogens; prostate cancer; breast cancer; oxidative stress; steroid receptors; testicular germ cell tumors
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Guest Editor
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: PRDM genes; steroid receptors; cancers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carcinogenesis is a multistage and multistep process involving mutations in distinct classes of genes (i.e., oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, apoptosis genes and DNA repair genes). Gene alterations disrupt the regulation of physiological cellular functions including cell growth and differentiation control, accounting for cell transformation. Several epidemiological studies revealed that environmental factors (chemical, physical and biological agents) represent the main factors responsible for cancer development. The most common environmental factors, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, high-fat diet, can, in different manners, induce genetic alterations. Inhibition of carcinogenic exposures, wherever possible, should be the goal of cancer prevention programs. The aim of the current Special Issue was deepening our knowledge concerning the risk factors responsible of cancer onset, their mechanism of action and the possible strategies for preventing or counteracting their efficacy.

Dr. Erika Zazzo
Dr. Ciro Abbondanza
Dr. Monica Rienzo
Dr. Amelia Casamassimi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cancer
  • cancer risk factors
  • environmental agents
  • cancer prevention

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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23 pages, 1156 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Association Between Cadmium Exposure and Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Giorgio Firmani, Manuela Chiavarini, Jacopo Dolcini, Stefano Quarta, Marcello Mario D’Errico and Pamela Barbadoro
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(11), 1532; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21111532 - 19 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cancer among men, and it has a multifactorial etiology. Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal classified as a carcinogen by the IARC, can cause various acute and chronic effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to update [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cancer among men, and it has a multifactorial etiology. Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal classified as a carcinogen by the IARC, can cause various acute and chronic effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to update previous findings on the association between Cd exposure and PCa. We carried out a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to May 2024, identifying eight new articles. The effect size from the highest and lowest exposure categories were extracted and analyzed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 test, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot asymmetry. Overall, the effect size for PCa associated with Cd exposure, combining previous and new articles, was 1.11 (95% CI 0.85–1.45). Heterogeneity was high, but no significant publication bias was detected. For studies from Europe, the effect size was 1.47 (95% CI 1.00–2.17). Notably, 11 articles from the previous systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted that higher Cd exposure is significantly associated with more aggressive histopathological types of PCa (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.08–2.07). These findings suggest a potential public health concern, indicating the need for further research to clarify the risk associated with Cd exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Environmental Risk Factors and Cancer)
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