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The Role of Albumin in Tissue Regeneration and Repair
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The Role of Albumin in Tissue Regeneration and Repair

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2025 | Viewed by 3989

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Denes B. Horvathy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Interventional Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: serum-albumin-based materials for bone tissue regeneration; navigations systems for CT-guided interventions; transarterial radioembolization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tissue regeneration and repair are essential processes in regenerative medicine, aiming to restore the structure and function of damaged tissues. Albumin exhibits excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to interact with cells and growth factors, making it an attractive choice for tissue engineering applications. Researchers have successfully engineered albumin-based scaffolds, nanoparticles, and hydrogels with tailored mechanical properties, controlled release kinetics, and the ability to support cell adhesion and proliferation. Moreover, in preclinical models, albumin-based systems have demonstrated the potential to promote tissue-specific cell differentiation, stimulate angiogenesis, and accelerate tissue regeneration. However, there are still important questions that need to be addressed. Such as the precise mechanisms by which albumin enhances tissue regeneration, the design and functionalization of albumin-based bioengineered materials, and the long-term stability, biocompatibility, and immune response of albumin-based constructs, to name a few. Addressing these gaps will pave the way for developing novel albumin-based bioengineered materials with enhanced regenerative capabilities, ultimately advancing the field of tissue regeneration and repair.

This Special Issue aims to demonstrate the recent developments of albumin-based biomaterials for tissue repair and regeneration applications. This Special Issue is open to both original papers and reviews. The topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  1. The underlying mechanisms, immunomodulatory properties, and pathways by which albumin enhances tissue regeneration.
  2. Fabrication techniques and modifications used to develop albumin-based materials for tissue regeneration.
  3. Novel-engineered materials utilizing albumin for tissue regeneration.
  4. Applications utilizing albumin-based materials.
  5. Future directions and challenges for the clinical translation of albumin-based materials.

Dr. Denes B. Horvathy
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • tissue regeneration
  • albumin
  • scaffolds
  • tissue engineering
  • albumin-based biomaterials
  • HAS
  • BSA

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3517 KiB  
Article
The Role of Serum Albumin and Secretory Phospholipase A2 in Sepsis
by Francis H. C. Tsao, Zhanhai Li, Amy W. Amessoudji, Dunia Jawdat, Musharaf Sadat, Yaseen Arabi and Keith C. Meyer
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9413; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179413 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 680
Abstract
Sepsis is caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection that leads to cascading cell death and eventually organ failure. In this study, the role of inflammatory response serum secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and albumin in sepsis was investigated by determining the [...] Read more.
Sepsis is caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection that leads to cascading cell death and eventually organ failure. In this study, the role of inflammatory response serum secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and albumin in sepsis was investigated by determining the activities of the two proteins in serial serum samples collected on different days from patients with sepsis after enrollment in the permissive underfeeding versus standard enteral feeding protocols in an intensive care unit. Serum sPLA2 and albumin showed an inverse relationship with increasing sPLA2 activity and decreasing albumin membrane-binding activity in patients with evolving complications of sepsis. The activities of sPLA2 and albumin returned to normal values more rapidly in the permissive underfeeding group than in the standard enteral feeding group. The inverse sPLA2–albumin activity relationship suggests a complex interplay between these two proteins and a regulatory mechanism underlying cell membrane phospholipid homeostasis in sepsis. The decreased albumin–membrane binding activity in patients’ serum was due to its fatty acid-binding sites occupied by pre-bound fatty acids that might alter albumin’s structure, binding capacities, and essential functions. The sPLA2–albumin dual serum assays may be useful in determining whether nutritional intervention effectively supports the more rapid recovery of appropriate immune responses in critically ill patients with sepsis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Albumin in Tissue Regeneration and Repair)
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11 pages, 250 KiB  
Article
Correlation of Albumin, Red Cell Distribution Width and Other Biochemical and Hematological Parameters with Glycated Hemoglobin in Diabetic, Prediabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
by Argyrios Ginoudis, Stavroula Ioannidou, Georgia Tsakiroglou, Konstantina Kazeli, Eleni Vagdatli and Evgenia Lymperaki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8037; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158037 - 23 Jul 2024
Viewed by 847
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that affects more than 10.5% of the world’s adult population. Biochemical and hematological parameters, such as albumin (ALB) and red cell distribution width (RDW), have been shown to be altered in diabetic patients. This study aimed [...] Read more.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that affects more than 10.5% of the world’s adult population. Biochemical and hematological parameters, such as albumin (ALB) and red cell distribution width (RDW), have been shown to be altered in diabetic patients. This study aimed to correlate hematological and biochemical parameters with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). A total of 777 adults (372 women and 405 men, aged 19–85 years) were divided into three groups: 218 participants with HbA1c < 5.7% (group A: non-diabetic), 226 with HbA1c ≥ 5.7% and <6.5% (group B: prediabetic) and 333 with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (group C: diabetic). Biochemical and hematological parameters were compared among the three groups. An analysis of variance was performed to determine the correlations of the parameters among the groups. The ALB and sodium (Na) levels were significantly lower in group C than in groups A (ALB: 3.8 g/dL vs. 4.1 g/dL, p < 0.0001, Na: 138.4 mmol/L vs. 139.3 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and B (ALB: 3.8 g/dL vs. 4.0 g/dL, p < 0.0001, Na: 138.4 mmol/L vs. 139.6 mmol/L, p < 0.0001), whereas the RDW-standard deviation (RDW-SD) and urea were increased in group C as compared to group A (RDW: 45.8 vs. 43.9 fL, p < 0.0001, urea: 55.6 mg/dL vs. 38.5 mg/dL, p < 0.0001). The mean platelet volume (MPV) was increased in group C as compared to group A (9.3 fL vs. 9.1 fL, p < 0.05, respectively). Τhe increase in RDW-SD in group A as compared to B and C demonstrates the impact of hyperglycemia on red blood cells. Albumin and RDW might improve risk assessment for the development of diabetes. These results highlight the potential role of these parameters as an indication for prediabetes that would alert for measurement of HbA1c. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Albumin in Tissue Regeneration and Repair)
20 pages, 4180 KiB  
Article
The Thiol Group Reactivity and the Antioxidant Property of Human Serum Albumin Are Controlled by the Joint Action of Fatty Acids and Glucose Binding
by Tamara Uzelac, Katarina Smiljanić, Marija Takić, Ivana Šarac, Gordana Oggiano, Milan Nikolić and Vesna Jovanović
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(4), 2335; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042335 - 16 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1769
Abstract
The binding of ubiquitous serum ligands (free fatty acids) to human serum albumin (HSA) or its glycation can affect thiol group reactivity, thus influencing its antioxidant activity. The effects of stearic acid (SA) and glucose binding on HSA structural changes and thiol group [...] Read more.
The binding of ubiquitous serum ligands (free fatty acids) to human serum albumin (HSA) or its glycation can affect thiol group reactivity, thus influencing its antioxidant activity. The effects of stearic acid (SA) and glucose binding on HSA structural changes and thiol group content and reactivity were monitored by fluoroscopy and the Ellman method during a 14-day incubation in molar ratios to HSA that mimic pathophysiological conditions. Upon incubation with 5 mM glucose, HSA glycation was the same as HSA without it, in three different HSA:SA molar ratios (HSA:SA-1:1-2-4). The protective effect of SA on the antioxidant property of HSA under different glucose regimes (5-10-20 mM) was significantly affected by molar ratios of HSA:SA. Thiol reactivity was fully restored with 5–20 mM glucose at a 1:1 HSA:SA ratio, while the highest thiol content recovery was in pathological glucose regimes at a 1:1 HSA:SA ratio. The SA affinity for HSA increased significantly (1.5- and 1.3-fold, p < 0.01) with 5 and 10 mM glucose compared to the control. These results deepen the knowledge about the possible regulation of the antioxidant role of HSA in diabetes and other pathophysiological conditions and enable the design of future HSA-drug studies which, in turn, is important for clinicians when designing information-based treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Albumin in Tissue Regeneration and Repair)
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