Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
8.1
4.9
Journals
IJMS
Special Issues
Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure
ijms-logo
Submit to IJMS Review for IJMS Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2020) | Viewed by 31782

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cecília R. Santos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CICS-UBI—Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: neurodegeneration; choroid plexus
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Telma Quintela

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: circadian rhythm; blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier; drug delivery; chronotherapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Isabel Goncalves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CICS-UBI—Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: choroid plexus; brain barriers; chemical surveillance; taste and olfactory signaling; sex hormones
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Interest in the roles of the choroid plexus has noticeably increased in recent years.

The choroid plexus is a set of highly vascularized structures, located in the ventricular system of the brain that functions as a barrier at the interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid.

The best-known functions of the choroid plexus are cerebrospinal fluid production and secretion, nutrient and hormone supply to the cerebrospinal fluid and brain, clearance of deleterious compounds and waste products, neuroimmune regulation, and stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, emerging functions of the choroid plexus in the chemical surveillance of the central nervous system and as an extra-suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian clock highlight the possibility of sensing alterations in both the cerebrospinal and blood side, reacting to them in order to ensure brain homeostasis.

The implication of these new functions in the pathophysiology of the central nervous system deserves more attention.

Dr. Cecília R. Santos
Dr. Telma Quintela
Dr. Isabel Goncalves
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Choroid plexus
  • Blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier
  • Cerebrospinal fluid
  • Circadian clock
  • Chemical surveillance
  • Taste and olfactory signaling
  • Brain disorders
  • Alzheimer´s disease

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (7 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

16 pages, 2935 KiB  
Article
Photoperiod Affects Leptin Action on the Choroid Plexus in Ewes Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide—Study on the mRNA Level
by Aleksandra Szczepkowska, Marta Kowalewska, Agata Krawczyńska, Andrzej P. Herman and Janina Skipor
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(20), 7647; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207647 - 15 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2431
Abstract
The ovine choroid plexus (ChP) expresses the long isoform of the leptin receptor, which makes this structure a potential target for leptin action. In sheep, leptin concentration in plasma is higher during long days (LD) than short days (SD). This study evaluates the [...] Read more.
The ovine choroid plexus (ChP) expresses the long isoform of the leptin receptor, which makes this structure a potential target for leptin action. In sheep, leptin concentration in plasma is higher during long days (LD) than short days (SD). This study evaluates the influence a of photoperiod on leptin impact on the gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), proinflammatory cytokines (IL1B, IL6), their receptors (IL1R1, IL1R2, ILRN, IL6R, IL6ST) and inflammasome components necessary for pro-IL-1β activation (NLRP3, PYCARD, CASP1), chemokine (CCL2), leptin receptor isoforms (LEPRa, LEPRb) and a suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS3) in the ChP of ewes treated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Studies were conducted on adult female sheep divided into four groups (n = 6 in each): control, leptin (20 μg/kg), LPS (400 ng/kg), and LPS and leptin injected under SD and LD photoperiods. The leptin alone did not affect the gene expression but in co-treatment with LPS increased (p < 0.05) IL1B but only during SD, and SOCS3, IL1R2, IL1RN, IL6ST and CCL2 only during LD, and decreased (p < 0.05) the IL1R1 expression only during SD photoperiod. This indicates that the immunomodulatory action of leptin on the ChP is manifested only under the LPS challenge and is photoperiodically dependent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 1229 KiB  
Article
Age, Sex Hormones, and Circadian Rhythm Regulate the Expression of Amyloid-Beta Scavengers at the Choroid Plexus
by Ana C. Duarte, André Furtado, Mariya V. Hrynchak, Ana R. Costa, Daniela Talhada, Isabel Gonçalves, Manuel C. Lemos, Telma Quintela and Cecília R.A. Santos
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(18), 6813; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186813 - 17 Sep 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4480
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain is thought to derive from the impairment of Aβ clearance mechanisms rather than from its overproduction, which consequently contributes to the development of Alzheimer’s disease. The choroid plexus epithelial cells constitute an important clearance route for [...] Read more.
Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain is thought to derive from the impairment of Aβ clearance mechanisms rather than from its overproduction, which consequently contributes to the development of Alzheimer’s disease. The choroid plexus epithelial cells constitute an important clearance route for Aβ, either by facilitating its transport from the cerebrospinal fluid to the blood, or by synthesizing and secreting various proteins involved in Aβ degradation. Impaired choroid plexus synthesis, secretion, and transport of these Aβ-metabolizing enzymes have been therefore associated with the disruption of Aβ homeostasis and amyloid load. Factors such as aging, female gender, and circadian rhythm disturbances are related to the decline of choroid plexus functions that may be involved in the modulation of Aβ-clearance mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the impact of age, sex hormones, and circadian rhythm on the expression of Aβ scavengers such as apolipoprotein J, gelsolin, and transthyretin at the rat choroid plexus. Our results demonstrated that mRNA expression and both intracellular and secreted protein levels of the studied Aβ scavengers are age-, sex-, and circadian-dependent. These data suggest that the Aβ-degradation and clearance pathways at the choroid plexus, mediated by the presence of Aβ scavengers, might be compromised as a consequence of aging and circadian disturbances. These are important findings that enhance the understanding of Aβ-clearance-regulating mechanisms at the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 9963 KiB  
Article
The Lactate Receptor HCA1 Is Present in the Choroid Plexus, the Tela Choroidea, and the Neuroepithelial Lining of the Dorsal Part of the Third Ventricle
by Alena Hadzic, Teresa D. Nguyen, Makoto Hosoyamada, Naoko H. Tomioka, Linda H. Bergersen, Jon Storm-Mathisen and Cecilie Morland
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(18), 6457; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186457 - 4 Sep 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5309
Abstract
The volume, composition, and movement of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important for brain physiology, pathology, and diagnostics. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the main structure that produces CSF, the choroid plexus (CP). Due to the presence of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in [...] Read more.
The volume, composition, and movement of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important for brain physiology, pathology, and diagnostics. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the main structure that produces CSF, the choroid plexus (CP). Due to the presence of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in the CP, changes in blood and brain lactate levels are reflected in the CSF. A lactate receptor, the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA1), is present in the brain, but whether it is located in the CP or in other periventricular structures has not been studied. Here, we investigated the distribution of HCA1 in the cerebral ventricular system using monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP)-HCA1 reporter mice. The reporter signal was only detected in the dorsal part of the third ventricle, where strong mRFP-HCA1 labeling was present in cells of the CP, the tela choroidea, and the neuroepithelial ventricular lining. Co-labeling experiments identified these cells as fibroblasts (in the CP, the tela choroidea, and the ventricle lining) and ependymal cells (in the tela choroidea and the ventricle lining). Our data suggest that the HCA1-containing fibroblasts and ependymal cells have the ability to respond to alterations in CSF lactate in body–brain signaling, but also as a sign of neuropathology (e.g., stroke and Alzheimer’s disease biomarker). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

24 pages, 16439 KiB  
Article
Non-Typeable Haemophilus influenzae Invade Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells in a Polar Fashion
by Christian Wegele, Carolin Stump-Guthier, Selina Moroniak, Christel Weiss, Manfred Rohde, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Horst Schroten, Christian Schwerk, Michael Karremann and Julia Borkowski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(16), 5739; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165739 - 10 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3920
Abstract
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a pathogen of the human respiratory tract causing the majority of invasive H. influenzae infections. Severe invasive infections such as septicemia and meningitis occur rarely, but the lack of a protecting vaccine and the increasing antibiotic resistance of [...] Read more.
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a pathogen of the human respiratory tract causing the majority of invasive H. influenzae infections. Severe invasive infections such as septicemia and meningitis occur rarely, but the lack of a protecting vaccine and the increasing antibiotic resistance of NTHI impede treatment and emphasize its relevance as a potential meningitis causing pathogen. Meningitis results from pathogens crossing blood–brain barriers and invading the immune privileged central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we addressed the potential of NTHI to enter the brain by invading cells of the choroid plexus (CP) prior to meningeal inflammation to enlighten NTHI pathophysiological mechanisms. A cell culture model of human CP epithelial cells, which form the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) in vivo, was used to analyze adhesion and invasion by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. NTHI invade CP cells in vitro in a polar fashion from the blood-facing side. Furthermore, NTHI invasion rates are increased compared to encapsulated HiB and HiF strains. Fimbriae occurrence attenuated adhesion and invasion. Thus, our findings underline the role of the BCSFB as a potential entry port for NTHI into the brain and provide strong evidence for a function of the CP during NTHI invasion into the CNS during the course of meningitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 1114 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Small Extracellular Vesicles on Lymphoblast Trafficking across the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier In Vitro
by Ulrike Erb, Julia Hikel, Svenja Meyer, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Thomas S. Worst, Katja Nitschke, Philipp Nuhn, Stefan Porubsky, Christel Weiss, Horst Schroten, Rüdiger Adam and Michael Karremann
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(15), 5491; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155491 - 31 Jul 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3199
Abstract
Central nervous System (CNS) disease in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a major concern, but still, cellular mechanisms of CNS infiltration are elusive. The choroid plexus (CP) is a potential entry site, and, to some extent, invasion resembles CNS homing of lymphocytes [...] Read more.
Central nervous System (CNS) disease in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a major concern, but still, cellular mechanisms of CNS infiltration are elusive. The choroid plexus (CP) is a potential entry site, and, to some extent, invasion resembles CNS homing of lymphocytes during healthy state. Given exosomes may precondition target tissue, the present work aims to investigate if leukemia-derived exosomes contribute to a permissive phenotype of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Leukemia-derived exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation from the cell lines SD-1, Nalm-6, and P12-Ichikawa (P12). Adhesion and uptake to CP epithelial cells and the significance on subsequent ALL transmigration across the barrier was studied in a human BCSFB in vitro model based on the HiBCPP cell line. The various cell lines markedly differed regarding exosome uptake to HiBCPP and biological significance. SD-1-derived exosomes associated to target cells unspecifically without detectable cellular effects. Whereas Nalm-6 and P12-derived exosomes incorporated by dynamin-dependent endocytosis, uptake in the latter could be diminished by integrin blocking. In addition, only P12-derived exosomes led to facilitated transmigration of the parental leukemia cells. In conclusion, we provide evidence that, to a varying extent, leukemia-derived exosomes may facilitate CNS invasion of ALL across the BCSFB without destruction of the barrier integrity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

24 pages, 2154 KiB  
Review
Glucose, Fructose, and Urate Transporters in the Choroid Plexus Epithelium
by Yoichi Chiba, Ryuta Murakami, Koichi Matsumoto, Keiji Wakamatsu, Wakako Nonaka, Naoya Uemura, Ken Yanase, Masaki Kamada and Masaki Ueno
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(19), 7230; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197230 - 30 Sep 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5413
Abstract
The choroid plexus plays a central role in the regulation of the microenvironment of the central nervous system by secreting the majority of the cerebrospinal fluid and controlling its composition, despite that it only represents approximately 1% of the total brain weight. In [...] Read more.
The choroid plexus plays a central role in the regulation of the microenvironment of the central nervous system by secreting the majority of the cerebrospinal fluid and controlling its composition, despite that it only represents approximately 1% of the total brain weight. In addition to a variety of transporter and channel proteins for solutes and water, the choroid plexus epithelial cells are equipped with glucose, fructose, and urate transporters that are used as energy sources or antioxidative neuroprotective substrates. This review focuses on the recent advances in the understanding of the transporters of the SLC2A and SLC5A families (GLUT1, SGLT2, GLUT5, GLUT8, and GLUT9), as well as on the urate-transporting URAT1 and BCRP/ABCG2, which are expressed in choroid plexus epithelial cells. The glucose, fructose, and urate transporters repertoire in the choroid plexus epithelium share similar features with the renal proximal tubular epithelium, although some of these transporters exhibit inversely polarized submembrane localization. Since choroid plexus epithelial cells have high energy demands for proper functioning, a decline in the expression and function of these transporters can contribute to the process of age-associated brain impairment and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 731 KiB  
Review
Choroid Plexus: The Orchestrator of Long-Range Signalling Within the CNS
by Karol Kaiser and Vitezslav Bryja
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(13), 4760; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134760 - 4 Jul 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6432
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the liquid that fills the brain ventricles. CSF represents not only a mechanical brain protection but also a rich source of signalling factors modulating diverse processes during brain development and adulthood. The choroid plexus (CP) is a major source [...] Read more.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the liquid that fills the brain ventricles. CSF represents not only a mechanical brain protection but also a rich source of signalling factors modulating diverse processes during brain development and adulthood. The choroid plexus (CP) is a major source of CSF and as such it has recently emerged as an important mediator of extracellular signalling within the brain. Growing interest in the CP revealed its capacity to release a broad variety of bioactive molecules that, via CSF, regulate processes across the whole central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, CP has been also recognized as a sensor, responding to altered composition of CSF associated with changes in the patterns of CNS activity. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the CP as a signalling centre that mediates long-range communication in the CNS. By providing a detailed account of the CP secretory repertoire, we describe how the CP contributes to the regulation of the extracellular environment—in the context of both the embryonal as well as the adult CNS. We highlight the role of the CP as an important regulator of CNS function that acts via CSF-mediated signalling. Further studies of CP–CSF signalling hold the potential to provide key insights into the biology of the CNS, with implications for better understanding and treatment of neuropathological conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Choroid Plexus: Novel Functions for an Old Structure)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-7
Back to TopTop