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Primary and Secondary Bladder Disorders in Neurourology and Inflammatory Diseases
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Primary and Secondary Bladder Disorders in Neurourology and Inflammatory Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2622

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wei-Chia Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
Interests: cystitis; bladder pain syndrome; urinary tract infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yung-Shun Juan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Interests: overactive bladder; low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy; urinary frequency and urgency
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The urinary bladder functions as a temporary storage reservoir for urine. Primary disturbances of the bladder may stem from overactivity, underactivity, and interstitial cystitis. Alterations in neurourology and medication-related insults contribute to secondary bladder dysfunction. Despite the bothersome symptoms it may induce in patients, bladder dysfunction is frequently overlooked in clinical settings. In recent years, innovative treatments for bladder dysfunction, such as regenerative medicine, botulinum toxins, and nanoparticles, have garnered attention. Novel urinary biomarkers could facilitate disease screening and the discovery of new etiologies. In addition, the emerging insights into microbiota and the microbiome may contribute to the development of bladder dysfunction research. In this Special Issue, preclinical studies and molecular investigations in patients concerning this matter are welcome. We also invite scientists and physicians to publish their research on this subject, encompassing both pathology and treatment strategies.

Dr. Wei-Chia Lee
Dr. Yung-Shun Juan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bladder ischemia
  • bladder pain syndrome
  • interstitial cystitis
  • irradiation cystitis
  • ketamine cystitis
  • microbiota
  • overactive bladder
  • underactive bladder
  • botulinum toxin for bladder disorders

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 893 KiB  
Article
Persistent Elevation in Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels Can Be a Predictor of Urinary Tract Infection Recurrence or Persistence in Women
by Min-Ching Liu, Yuan-Hong Jiang, Jia-Fong Jhang, Tien-Lin Chang, Chia-Cheng Yang and Hann-Chorng Kuo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12670; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312670 - 26 Nov 2024
Viewed by 152
Abstract
Women commonly experience urinary tract infection (UTI) recurrence. However, there is no effective tool for predicting recurrent UTI after the first UTI episode. Hence, this study aimed to investigate potential urinary inflammatory biomarkers and specific biomarkers for predicting UTI recurrence or persistence after [...] Read more.
Women commonly experience urinary tract infection (UTI) recurrence. However, there is no effective tool for predicting recurrent UTI after the first UTI episode. Hence, this study aimed to investigate potential urinary inflammatory biomarkers and specific biomarkers for predicting UTI recurrence or persistence after antibiotic treatment in women. Forty women who had a history of recurrent UTI within 1 year after the initial episode and acute bacterial cystitis were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 1 week. To measure inflammatory biomarker levels, urine samples were collected at the baseline and after 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. The levels of urinary pro-inflammatory proteins such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), nerve growth factor, CXC-motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)-1, interleukin-8, CXCL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were measured using commercial kits. Seven healthy age-matched women were included as controls. The changes in urinary biomarker levels at the baseline and various time points were compared between women with and without UTI recurrence within 1 month or within 3 months after the initial antibiotic therapy. At the baseline, patients with a higher urinary white blood cell count had a significantly higher NGAL level than the controls and those with a low white blood cell count. Of the 40 patients with a history of recurrent UTI, 12 presented with UTI persistence or recurrence within 1 month and 19 within 3 months after the initial antibiotic treatment. Among the 28 patients without UTI recurrence at 1 month after treatment, 7 had UTI recurrence within 3 months. Compared with patients without UTI recurrence, those with UTI recurrence had significantly higher urinary NGAL levels at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the initial treatment. This study concludes that persistent elevation in urinary NGAL levels after the initial antibiotic treatment indicated persistent bladder inflammation. Further, it could be a predictor of UTI persistence or recurrence within 1 or 3 months after the initial antibiotic treatment. Patients with a history of recurrent UTI and high urinary NGAL levels after antibiotic treatment might require a longer treatment duration to completely eradicate or prevent UTI recurrence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Primary and Secondary Bladder Disorders in Neurourology and Inflammatory Diseases)
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26 pages, 5722 KiB  
Article
The GPR39 Receptor Plays an Important Role in the Pathogenesis of Overactive Bladder and Corticosterone-Induced Depression
by Jan Wróbel, Paulina Iwaniak, Piotr Dobrowolski, Mirosława Chwil, Ilona Sadok, Tomasz Kluz, Artur Wdowiak, Iwona Bojar, Ewa Poleszak, Marcin Misiek, Łukasz Zapała, Ewa M. Urbańska and Andrzej Wróbel
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12630; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312630 - 25 Nov 2024
Viewed by 361
Abstract
Despite the close and clinically confirmed association between depression and overactive bladder, it remains unclear whether this affective disorder is a factor causing overactive bladder or whether overactive bladder is a specific symptom of psychosomatic disorders. This study examined the effects of repeated [...] Read more.
Despite the close and clinically confirmed association between depression and overactive bladder, it remains unclear whether this affective disorder is a factor causing overactive bladder or whether overactive bladder is a specific symptom of psychosomatic disorders. This study examined the effects of repeated corticosterone administration on the occurrence of symptoms associated with depression and overactive bladder. Additionally, we examined whether administering TC-G 1008, an antidepressant that selectively activates the GPR39 receptor, could alleviate corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior and detrusor overactivity-related changes in cystometric measurements. We also explored its potential to reverse alterations in various biomarkers associated with both conditions in the serum, urinary bladder, and brain of female rats. The administration of corticosterone (20 mg/kg/day for 14 days) yielded anticipated results, including an increase in the duration of immobility during the forced swim test, alterations in parameters specific to bladder overactivity, a decrease in neurotrophins, and an elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Treatment with TC-G 1008 (15 mg/kg/day) alleviated symptoms of both detrusor overactivity and depression, while also restoring the levels of biochemical and cystometric markers to normal ranges. Additionally, antidepressants based on GPR39 agonists could enhance the levels of kynurenic acid in the neuroprotective pathway. These results indicate that the GPR39 agonist receptor might be a promising future therapeutic approach for treating overactive bladder that occurs alongside depression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Primary and Secondary Bladder Disorders in Neurourology and Inflammatory Diseases)
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12 pages, 1179 KiB  
Article
Using Urine Biomarkers to Differentiate Bladder Dysfunctions in Women with Sensory Bladder Disorders
by Yu-Chen Chen, Yuan-Hong Jiang, Jia-Fong Jhang and Hann-Chorng Kuo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9359; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179359 - 29 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 631
Abstract
Sensory bladder disorders encompass several distinct conditions with overlapping symptoms, which pose diagnostic challenges. This study aimed to evaluate urine biomarkers for differentiating between various sensory bladder disorders, including non-Hunner’s interstitial cystitis (NHIC), detrusor overactivity (DO), hypersensitive bladder (HSB), and urodynamically normal women. [...] Read more.
Sensory bladder disorders encompass several distinct conditions with overlapping symptoms, which pose diagnostic challenges. This study aimed to evaluate urine biomarkers for differentiating between various sensory bladder disorders, including non-Hunner’s interstitial cystitis (NHIC), detrusor overactivity (DO), hypersensitive bladder (HSB), and urodynamically normal women. A retrospective analysis of 191 women who underwent a videourodynamic study (VUDS) was conducted, with some also receiving cystoscopic hydrodistention to confirm the presence of NHIC. Participants were categorized into four groups: DO (n = 51), HSB (n = 29), NHIC (n = 81), and normal controls (n = 30). The urine levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured. The DO patients exhibited elevated IP-10 levels, while the HSB patients had decreased TAC and 8-OHdG levels. The NHIC patients showed lower IL-2 and higher TNF-α levels. A TNF-α ≥ 1.05 effectively identified NHIC, with an AUROC of 0.889, a sensitivity of 98.8%, and a specificity of 81.3%. An IP-10 ≥ 6.31 differentiated DO with an AUROC of 0.695, a sensitivity of 56.8%, and a specificity of 72.3%. An 8-OHdG ≤ 14.705 and a TAC ≤ 528.7 identified HSB with AUROCs of 0.754 and 0.844, respectively. The combination of 8-OHdG and TAC provided an AUROC of 0.853 for HSB. These findings suggest that TNF-α, IP-10, TAC, 8-OHdG, and IL-2 are promising non-invasive biomarkers for distinguishing between these conditions, which may improve diagnosis and management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Primary and Secondary Bladder Disorders in Neurourology and Inflammatory Diseases)
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Review

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18 pages, 1121 KiB  
Review
Promising Experimental Treatment in Animal Models and Human Studies of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
by Ju-Chuan Hu, Hong-Tai Tzeng, Wei-Chia Lee, Jian-Ri Li and Yao-Chi Chuang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8015; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158015 - 23 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1273
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) remains a mysterious and intricate urological disorder, presenting significant challenges to healthcare providers. Traditional guidelines for IC/BPS follow a hierarchical model based on symptom severity, advocating for conservative interventions as the initial step, followed by oral pharmacotherapy, intravesical [...] Read more.
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) remains a mysterious and intricate urological disorder, presenting significant challenges to healthcare providers. Traditional guidelines for IC/BPS follow a hierarchical model based on symptom severity, advocating for conservative interventions as the initial step, followed by oral pharmacotherapy, intravesical treatments, and, in refractory cases, invasive surgical procedures. This approach embraces a multi-tiered strategy. However, the evolving understanding that IC/BPS represents a paroxysmal chronic pain syndrome, often involving extravesical manifestations and different subtypes, calls for a departure from this uniform approach. This review provides insights into recent advancements in experimental strategies in animal models and human studies. The identified therapeutic approaches fall into four categories: (i) anti-inflammation and anti-angiogenesis using monoclonal antibodies or immune modulation, (ii) regenerative medicine, including stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma, and low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy, (iii) drug delivery systems leveraging nanotechnology, and (iv) drug delivery systems assisted by energy devices. Future investigations will require a broader range of animal models, studies on human bladder tissues, and well-designed clinical trials to establish the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Primary and Secondary Bladder Disorders in Neurourology and Inflammatory Diseases)
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