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Signaling Pathways in Acute and Chronic Inflammation
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Signaling Pathways in Acute and Chronic Inflammation

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 July 2024) | Viewed by 5900

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Rosanna Di Paola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
Interests: biochemistry; mitochondrial dysfunction; antioxidant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammation is a process by which the body's white blood cells and the substances they produce protect against infection from outside invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. However, in some diseases, the body's defense system—the immune system—triggers inflammation when there are no invaders to fight off. In these autoimmune diseases, the immune system acts as if regular tissues are infected or somehow unusual, causing damage. Inflammation can be either short-lived (acute) or long-lasting (chronic). Acute inflammation disappears within hours or days. Chronic inflammation can last months or years, even after the first trigger is gone.

A growing number of molecules have been suggested to contribute to the development of acute and chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms are not fully understood. More recently, molecular mechanisms that initiate the resolution of inflammation have opened a new avenue for pro-resolution strategies to treat complex acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, resolution pathways are heterogeneous and most likely tissue- and stimulus-specific.

For this Special Issue, we invite original research and reviews in the field of acute and chronic inflammation, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of inflammation persistence versus resolution.

Prof. Dr. Rosanna Di Paola
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • pathways
  • biomarker
  • biochemistry
  • oxidative stress
  • tissue injury

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3404 KiB  
Article
Differential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Electrostimulation in a Standardized Setting
by Biagio Di Pietro, Simona Villata, Simeone Dal Monego, Margherita Degasperi, Veronica Ghini, Tiziana Guarnieri, Anna Plaksienko, Yuanhua Liu, Valentina Pecchioli, Luigi Manni, Leonardo Tenori, Danilo Licastro, Claudia Angelini, Lucia Napione, Francesca Frascella and Christine Nardini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 9808; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189808 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 845
Abstract
The therapeutic usage of physical stimuli is framed in a highly heterogeneous research area, with variable levels of maturity and of translatability into clinical application. In particular, electrostimulation is deeply studied for its application on the autonomous nervous system, but less is known [...] Read more.
The therapeutic usage of physical stimuli is framed in a highly heterogeneous research area, with variable levels of maturity and of translatability into clinical application. In particular, electrostimulation is deeply studied for its application on the autonomous nervous system, but less is known about the anti- inflammatory effects of such stimuli beyond the inflammatory reflex. Further, reproducibility and meta-analyses are extremely challenging, owing to the limited rationale on dosage and experimental standardization. It is specifically to address the fundamental question on the anti-inflammatory effects of electricity on biological systems, that we propose a series of controlled experiments on the effects of direct and alternate current delivered on a standardized 3D bioconstruct constituted by fibroblasts and keratinocytes in a collagen matrix, in the presence or absence of TNF-α as conventional inflammation inducer. This selected but systematic exploration, with transcriptomics backed by metabolomics at specific time points allows to obtain the first systemic overview of the biological functions at stake, highlighting the differential anti-inflammatory potential of such approaches, with promising results for 5 V direct current stimuli, correlating with the wound healing process. With our results, we wish to set the base for a rigorous systematic approach to the problem, fundamental towards future elucidations of the detailed mechanisms at stake, highlighting both the healing and damaging potential of such approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signaling Pathways in Acute and Chronic Inflammation)
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9 pages, 6830 KiB  
Communication
Knockouts of TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B Genes in K562 Cell Line Lead to Diverse Long-Lasting Responses to TNF-α
by Olga Perik-Zavodskaia, Saleh Alrhmoun, Roman Perik-Zavodskii, Julia Zhukova, Julia Lopatnikova, Marina Volynets, Alina Alshevskaya and Sergey Sennikov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17169; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417169 - 6 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1496
Abstract
This research delves into the intricate landscape of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling, a multi-functional cytokine known for its diverse cellular effects. Specifically, we investigate the roles of two TNF receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, in mediating TNF-α-induced transcriptional responses. Using human K562 cell [...] Read more.
This research delves into the intricate landscape of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling, a multi-functional cytokine known for its diverse cellular effects. Specifically, we investigate the roles of two TNF receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, in mediating TNF-α-induced transcriptional responses. Using human K562 cell lines with TNFR1 and TNFR2 knockouts, we explore changes in gene expression patterns following TNF-α stimulation. Our findings reveal distinct transcriptional profiles in TNFR1 and TNFR2 knockout cells, shedding light on the unique contributions of these receptors to TNF-α signaling. Notably, several key pathways associated with inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation exhibit altered regulation in the absence of TNFR1 or TNFR2. This study provides valuable insights into the intricate mechanisms governing TNF-α signaling and its diverse cellular effects, with potential implications for targeted therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signaling Pathways in Acute and Chronic Inflammation)
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Review

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27 pages, 2289 KiB  
Review
Central Role of β-1,4-GalT-V in Cancer Signaling, Inflammation, and Other Disease-Centric Pathways
by Subroto Chatterjee, Rebecca Yuan, Spriha Thapa and Resham Talwar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(1), 483; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010483 - 29 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2876
Abstract
UDP-Galactose: Glucosylceramide, β-1,4-Galactose transferase-V (β-1,4-GalT-V), is a member of a large glycosyltransferase family, primarily involved in the transfer of sugar residues from nucleotide sugars, such as galactose, glucose mannose, etc., to sugar constituents of glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins. For example, UDP-Galactose: Glucosylceramide, β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT-V), [...] Read more.
UDP-Galactose: Glucosylceramide, β-1,4-Galactose transferase-V (β-1,4-GalT-V), is a member of a large glycosyltransferase family, primarily involved in the transfer of sugar residues from nucleotide sugars, such as galactose, glucose mannose, etc., to sugar constituents of glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins. For example, UDP-Galactose: Glucosylceramide, β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT-V), transfers galactose to glucosylceramide to generate Lactosylceramide (LacCer), a bioactive “lipid second messenger” that can activate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) oxidase (NOX-1) to produce superoxide’s (O2−) to activate several signaling pathways critical in regulating multiple phenotypes implicated in health and diseases. LacCer can also activate cytosolic phospholipase A-2 to produce eicosanoids and prostaglandins to induce inflammatory pathways. However, the lack of regulation of β-1,4-GalT-V contributes to critical phenotypes central to cancer and cardiovascular diseases, e.g., cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Additionally, inflammation that accompanies β-1,4-GalT-V dysregulation accelerates the initiation and progression of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, as well as inflammation-centric diseases, like lupus erythematosus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and inflammatory bowel diseases. An exciting development in this field of research arrived due to the recognition that the activation of β-1,4-GalT-V is a “pivotal” point of convergence for multiple signaling pathways initiated by physiologically relevant molecules, e.g., growth factors, oxidized-low density lipoprotein(ox- LDL), pro-inflammatory molecules, oxidative and sheer stress, diet, and cigarette smoking. Thus, dysregulation of these pathways may well contribute to cancer, heart disease, skin diseases, and several inflammation-centric diseases in experimental animal models of human diseases and in humans. These observations have been described under post-transcriptional modifications of β-1,4- GalT-V. On the other hand, we also point to the important role of β-1-4 GalT-V-mediated glycosylation in altering the formation of glycosylated precursor forms of proteins and their activation, e.g., β-1 integrin, wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/–β catenin, Frizzled-1, and Notch1. Such alterations in glycosylation may influence cell differentiation, angiogenesis, diminished basement membrane architecture, tissue remodeling, infiltrative growth, and metastasis in human colorectal cancers and breast cancer stem cells. We also discuss Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), which is a comprehensive database of human genes and genetic disorders used to provide information on the genetic basis of inherited diseases and traits and information about the molecular pathways and biological processes that underlie human physiology. We describe cancer genes interacting with the β-1,4-GalT-V gene and homologs generated by OMIM. In sum, we propose that β-1,4-GalT-V gene/protein serves as a “gateway” regulating several signal transduction pathways in oxidative stress and inflammation leading to cancer and other diseases, thus rationalizing further studies to better understand the genetic regulation and interaction of β-1,4-GalT-V with other genes. Novel therapies will hinge on biochemical analysis and characterization of β-1,4-GalT-V in patient-derived materials and animal models. And using β-1,4-GalT-V as a “bonafide drug target” to mitigate these diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signaling Pathways in Acute and Chronic Inflammation)
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