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Metal Ions to Unscramble the Angiogenesis

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2020) | Viewed by 7063

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: bioinorganic chemistry; coordination chemistry; neurochemistry; angiogenesis; metal ions; peptides
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Interests: neurochemistry; neurodegeneration; signaling: receptors interactions; receptor metabolism; life/death/differentiation signaling; traslocator protein
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood capillaries form from pre-existing vessels, which occurs in reproduction, growth, and development. Angiogenesis has been implicated, directly or indirectly, in many disorders, among them being cancer, autoimmune diseases, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. Conversely, insufficient vascularization underlies conditions such as stroke, coronary heart disease, and delayed wound healing, where inadequate blood vessel growth leads to poor circulation and tissue death.

Recent findings have illuminated that angiogenesis is a prominent feature of neurological diseases, either as a pathophysiological factor or as a response to injury. The presence of microvascular changes with decreased density and structural abnormalities has been well documented both in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Most cases of Alzheimer’s disease are accompanied by cerebrovascular pathologies, such as cerebral amyloid angiopathy, endothelial degeneration, white matter lesions, cerebral haemorrhages, and blood–brain barrier dysfunctions. Different vascular risk factors linked to cerebrovascular diseases and stroke, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and cardiac disease, are known to significantly increase the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases.

Angiogenesis is a dynamic and complex process regulated by a very sensitive interplay of endogenous growth factors and inhibitors, and their imbalance can lead to disease.

Metal ions play a pivotal role in different steps of angiogenic processes. They may result also in being “pathogenic”, and their mishandling in cells can be associated with multiple diseases. In particular, copper is well known to be an essential angiogenesis cofactor in vivo, and plays a key role in neurodegeneration, together with zinc and iron.

Serum metal ion levels are raised in a wide variety of human cancers, and correlate with the tumour severity. Calcium, magnesium, and zinc may promote metastasis by facilitating angiogenesis.
So far, the specific molecular mechanism of the various metal ions’ involvement and activity targets remain unclear or not fully explored.

This Issue focuses on the biological inorganic chemistry of metal ions in all features of angiogenesis. It aims for a molecular understanding of the functional roles of metals in promoting or inhibiting angiogenesis in wealthy and pathogenic disease states. This research topic covers also the potential application of metal ions in wound healing and tissue regeneration, as well as the analytical determination of metal ions in all steps of vascular formation.

Prof. Dr. Diego La Mendola
Prof. Dr. Maria Letizia Trincavelli
Prof. Dr. Claudia Martini
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • blood vessels
  • metal ions
  • angiogenic factors
  • trophic factors
  • angiogenesis biomarkers
  • hypoxia
  • tumor growth
  • neurodegeneration
  • heart diseases
  • wound healing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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20 pages, 3808 KiB  
Article
The Ionophoric Activity of a Pro-Apoptotic VEGF165 Fragment on HUVEC Cells
by Stefania Zimbone, Anna M. Santoro, Diego La Mendola, Chiara Giacomelli, Maria L. Trincavelli, Marianna F. Tomasello, Danilo Milardi, Sara García-Viñuales, Michele F. M. Sciacca, Claudia Martini and Giulia Grasso
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(8), 2866; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082866 - 20 Apr 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2938
Abstract
Copper plays an important role as a regulator in many pathologies involving the angiogenesis process. In cancerogenesis, tumor progression, and angiogenic diseases, copper homeostasis is altered. Although many details in the pathways involved are still unknown, some copper-specific ligands have been successfully used [...] Read more.
Copper plays an important role as a regulator in many pathologies involving the angiogenesis process. In cancerogenesis, tumor progression, and angiogenic diseases, copper homeostasis is altered. Although many details in the pathways involved are still unknown, some copper-specific ligands have been successfully used as therapeutic agents. Copper-binding peptides able to modulate angiogenesis represent a possible way to value new drugs. We previously reported that a fragment (VEGF73-101) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165), a potent angiogenic, induced an apoptotic effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the putative copper ionophoric activity of VEGF73-101, as well as establish a relationship between the structure of the peptide fragment and the cytotoxic activity in the presence of copper(II) ions. Here, we studied the stoichiometry and the conformation of the VEGF73-101/Cu(II) complexes and some of its mutated peptides by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of all peptides in the absence and presence of copper ions by cell viability and cytofuorimetric assays. The obtained results suggest that VEGF73-101 could be considered an interesting candidate in the development of new molecules with ionophoric properties as agents in antiangiogenic therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Ions to Unscramble the Angiogenesis)
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14 pages, 2830 KiB  
Article
The Anti-Tumorigenic Activity of Sema3C in the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model
by Indrė Valiulytė, Rūta Curkūnavičiūtė, Laura Ribokaitė, Arunas Kazlauskas, Monika Vaitkevičiūtė, Kęstutis Skauminas and Angelija Valančiūtė
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(22), 5672; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225672 - 12 Nov 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3506
Abstract
Sema3C protein, a member of the class 3 family of secreted semaphorins, play an important role in tumor development by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis processes. Depending on the type and malignancy grade of the tumor, Sema3C function remains controversial. In [...] Read more.
Sema3C protein, a member of the class 3 family of secreted semaphorins, play an important role in tumor development by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis processes. Depending on the type and malignancy grade of the tumor, Sema3C function remains controversial. In this study, we constructed a stably overexpressing Sema3C glioblastoma cell line U87 MG and tested it on the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model with the aim to reveal Sema3C protein function on angiogenesis process in ovo. Our experiments showed that Sema3C not only affects angiogenesis of CAM by inhibiting neovascularization but also acts as an anti-tumorigenic molecule by hampering U87 MG cell invasion into mesenchyme. The effects of Sema3C on CAM were similar to the effects of anti-epileptic drug sodium valproate (NaVP). Both, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic activities of Sema3C were enhanced by the treatment of NaVP and, importantly, were not attributed to the cytotoxic effects. Our studies suggest that Sema3C could be a promising target for glioblastoma treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Ions to Unscramble the Angiogenesis)
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